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Understanding Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability that occurs when the cartilage in joints breaks down over time. It often affects older individuals and its risk increases with age, previous joint injuries, obesity, and lack of exercise. Symptoms include chronic pain, stiffness, and loss of movement in the affected joints. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and improving mobility through physical therapy, medications, injections, or joint replacement in severe cases. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help prevent osteoarthritis by avoiding excess weight and regularly exercising joints.

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21 views10 pages

Understanding Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability that occurs when the cartilage in joints breaks down over time. It often affects older individuals and its risk increases with age, previous joint injuries, obesity, and lack of exercise. Symptoms include chronic pain, stiffness, and loss of movement in the affected joints. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and improving mobility through physical therapy, medications, injections, or joint replacement in severe cases. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help prevent osteoarthritis by avoiding excess weight and regularly exercising joints.

Uploaded by

manuel124
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

OSTEOARTHRITIS

Major cause of morbidity and inability

LA OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA)
Known as degenerative joint disease. It is a natural inflammatory disease that occurs when the cartilage begins to wear.

Occurs when the cushioning cartilage in the joint breaks down, causing the bones rubbing against each other, then comes pain, inflammation, bone spurs (small growths of new bone) and decreased movement.

CAUSES
AGE menopause genetic factors

Elevation of bone density

Previous joint injury

Sedentary

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS.


chronic Pain Lumps bone

Rigidez

Loss of movement Tenderness in the affected area

EPIDEMIOLOGY
The older shows more osteoarthritis, although it occurs at any age. The incidence of joint disease increases with age. After 75 years, 80% of people have some form of osteoarthritis. After 65 years the proportion of 1.5 men to 1 woman becomes 2 men 1 woman.

DIAGNOSIS OF OSTEOARTHRITIS

It is suspected that a patient suffers from OA when pain in the joints commonly affected. It can be confirmed by physical examination showing bone hypertrophy, fluid accumulation, grating sensation during movement, muscle weakness and joint instability.

TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS
The objective of treatment is to reduce pain and improve function of affected joints

Physical measures: Exercise, assistive devices and thermal therapy are usually effective .Isometric exercise of the corresponding region to increase [Link] Electrotherapy for pain management and regeneration of cartilage, thermotherapy: In times of cris cryotherapy is used to reduce inflammation and pain. In non-crisis periods, heat is used to decrease stiffness and pain. Periarticular muscle massage which can be contracted sharply. Patient education in home care and postural.

TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS

Pharmacological..Therapy: They are topical agents such as capsaicin cream, oral painkillers such as acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) For more severe pain may require the use of stronger drugs such as narcotics. Injections with corticosteroids applied to the joints or a lubricant called hyaluronic acid derivative (AH) have proven highly effective for some patients.

TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS
Surgical arthroscopy is contemplated or joint replacement in cases where there is severe joint damage, or when the patient has pain that is unresponsive to treatment and experienced a significant loss of mobility.

Supplements: There are many nutritional supplements used to treat osteoarthritis, but most lack of strong evidence supporting its efficacy and safety. A recent study by the National Institute of Health in the U.S. suggested that patients with moderate to severe pain resulting from knee OA may benefit from supplements of glucosamine sulfate / chondroitin.

PREVENTION
Adequate levels of vitamin C reduced by up to 30% the risk of osteoarthritis, the levels of vitamin D, decrease the progression of the disease, provide antioxidant defense against tissue damage and protect the cartilage deterioration. Maintain a healthy weight is essential to prevent joint overload and therefore the deterioration of cartilage, especially in the hip and knee

Exercise regularly. Maintain optimal postural hygiene. Regular checkups with a health professional to determine whether there is any symptom and the disease may be an early attack. Always wear appropriate footwear. If you play sports, take care of your joints. Use a bandage or prevention if necessary.

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