DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

21ME704 & Phase I – Project Work

Date : 04.09.2023

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH SMART FEATURES

Project guide : Done by :

[Link] MUKESH KANNAH.K (20EUMC070)
AP/MECH NITHISH KUMAR .R (20EUMC079)
PRAVEEN BABU.S (20EUMC089)
PRAVIN .B (20EUMC091)
01/08/2024 1
 Introduction
• The Electric bike is a bike which is driven with the help of battery which is coupled to
• electric motor. Energy crisis is one of the major concerns in today’s world due to fast depleting
• resources of petrol, diesel and natural gas. In combination with this, environmental decay is an
• additional factor which is contributing to the depletion of resources which is an alarming
• notification. Our project has the solution for this above perilous problems. The system which we
• innovated is the Electric Bike. This project has various benefits both to the members of the team
• and also external benefits thereby making awareness of using alternative modes of transport. The
• Electric Bike which works on the battery that is powered by the motor is the general mode of
• transport for a local trip. The solar panels can be alternative source for this by adding it to the
• system. The Electric bike which will be running on battery, the power is supplied by the motor,
• thereby supplying this power to drive the other components. The main purpose of using this E-
• bike is that it is user friendly, economical and relatively cheap. The efficiency of this system
• undeniable compared to conventional modes of transport. E-bike comprises the features like high
• mobility efficiency, compact, electrically powered, comfortable riding experience, light weight
• vehicle. E-bike is the most versatile future vehicle considering its advantages. Electric
• motorcycles are plug-in electric vehicles with two or three wheels. The electricity is stored on
• board in a rechargeable battery, which drives one or more electric motors.

01/08/2024 2
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
• Non-Renewable Energy source utilization for the running of vehicles. There are around
• 10.4 million alone in India which use conventional fossil fuel as its fuel for running.
They also
• accounted for 60% of India’s petrol consumption, and for the calendar year 2020,
tailpipe
• carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the two-wheeler segment have been estimated
at nearly
• 38 megatons. Currently, the two-wheeler segment is not subject to any fuel
consumption
• standards, and fleet average CO2 emissions were 41.2 gCO2/ km in FY 2018–19.
• The conversion of conventional vehicle to electric bike reduce the emission of harmful
• gases into the atmosphere around 87 and 144 kg of CO2 emissions per year.
• incorporation of autonomous driving in electric bike.
• Problems in autonomous driving.

01/08/2024 3
 Title Summary
Authors Publication

A Survey of Chen, C., IEEE This paper provides a comprehensive survey of

Smart Zhang, F., Transactions smart features in electric vehicles, including
Features in & Zhao, on Intelligent vehicle-to-grid (V2G), vehicle-to-home (V2H),
Electric B. Transportatio and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, as
Vehicles n Systems well as smart charging and battery management
(2020) systems.

Smart Hossain, This paper reviews the latest research on smart

Features in M. E., features in electric vehicles, including V2G, V2H,
Electric Kabalci, and V2V communication, smart charging and
Vehicles: A E., & Energies battery management systems, as well as
Review Kabalci, Y. (2020) advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and
autonomous driving technologies.

A Survey on Yin, X., IEEE Access This paper surveys the state-of-the-art in smart
Smart Wang, W., (2019) features for electric vehicles, including V2G,
Features for Li, S., & V2H, and V2V communication, smart charging
Electric Zhang, C. and battery management systems, as well as
Vehicles ADAS and autonomous driving technologies.
The paper also discusses the challenges and
trends in the development of these smart
features.
01/08/2024 4
Smart Singh, M., & Renewable and This paper reviews the various smart
Features for Bansal, R. C. Sustainable features that are being developed for
Electric Energy Reviews electric vehicles, including V2G, V2H,
Vehicles: A (2019) and V2V communication, smart
Review charging and battery management
systems, as well as ADAS and
autonomous driving technologies. The
paper also discusses the challenges and
opportunities associated with the
development and implementation of
these smart features.

Smart Wang, Z., Li, J., Renewable and This paper provides a comprehensive
Features of Liu, L., & Ma, Sustainable review of the smart features that have
Electric L. Energy Reviews been proposed and developed for
Vehicles: A (2019) electric vehicles, including V2G, V2H,
Comprehensi and V2V communication, smart
ve Review charging and battery management
systems, as well as ADAS and
autonomous driving technologies. The
paper also discusses the potential
benefits of these smart features for the
electric vehicle industry and the
environment.

01/08/2024 5
Vehicle-to-Grid Khan, M. A., Energies This paper reviews the latest research on
Technology: A Javaid, N., (2022) V2G technology, including its architectures,
Review on Ahmed, S. communications, and control protocols. It
Architectures, R., Haider, S. also discusses the challenges and
Communication A., Qureshi, opportunities associated with the
s, and Control M. K., & deployment of V2G technology.
Alotaibi, Y.

Smart Charging He, X., Zou, Energies This paper reviews the latest research on
of Electric C., Sun, J., (2020) smart charging technologies for electric
Vehicles: A Zhang, Y., & vehicles. It discusses the different types of
Review Xu, Z. smart chargers, as well as the challenges
and opportunities associated with the
deployment of smart charging
infrastructure.

Vehicle-to- Bidar, S., Sustainabl This paper reviews the latest research on
Home Asghari, B., e Cities V2H technology, including its benefits,
Technology for & and challenges, and potential applications. It
Electric Vehicles Mohamed, Society also discusses the different types of V2H
M. A. (2021) systems and the technologies that are
used to implement them.

01/08/2024 6
Vehicle-to- Li, J., Chen, IEEE Internet of This paper reviews the latest
Vehicle C., Zhang, F., Things Journal research on V2V communication for
Communicat & Zhao, B. (2021) electric vehicles. It discusses the
ion for different types of V2V
Electric communication protocols, as well
Vehicles as the challenges and opportunities
associated with the deployment of
V2V communication infrastructure.

Advanced Li, Y., & IEEE Transactions This paper reviews the latest
Driver Wang, J. on Intelligent research on ADAS
Assistance Transportation
Systems for Systems (2020)
Electric
Vehicles

01/08/2024 7
SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW
• Remote monitoring system: Develop a remote monitoring system that allows users
to track the location of their electric two-wheeler, check the battery level, and
receive alerts if there are any problems with the vehicle. The system could use
GPS, cellular, or satellite technology to communicate with the vehicle.
• Navigation system: Develop a navigation system that is specifically designed for
electric two-wheelers. The system could take into account factors such as the
battery life of the vehicle, the terrain, and the location of charging stations.
• Anti-theft system: Develop an anti-theft system that is specifically designed for
electric two-wheelers. The system could use a variety of technologies, such as GPS,
cellular, or RFID, to track the vehicle and prevent it from being stolen.
• Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication system: Develop a V2V communication
system that allows electric two-wheelers to communicate with each other and
with other vehicles on the road. The system could be used to improve safety and
efficiency on the roads by warning drivers of hazards, coordinating traffic flow, and
optimizing traffic signals.
• Autonomous vehicle: making the electric vehicles to drive autonomously for
delivery purpose and some other helpful things.

01/08/2024 8
 PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATION:
• Cost: Smart features can be expensive to develop and implement.
Automakers and technology companies need to find ways to reduce the
cost of these features so that they can be made more affordable for
consumers.
• Battery life: Smart features can consume additional battery power.
Automakers and technology companies need to develop ways to
optimize the power consumption of smart features without sacrificing
performance.
• Infrastructure: Smart features require a supporting infrastructure, such
as charging stations and cloud-based services. Governments and
utilities need to invest in developing this infrastructure.
• Consumer awareness: Many consumers are not aware of the benefits of
smart features in electric two-wheelers. Automakers and technology
companies need to educate consumers about these benefits.
01/08/2024 9
 REFERENCE
• [1] Chen, C., Zhang, F., & Zhao, B. (2020). A survey of smart features in electric
vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 21(11), 4826-
4838.

• [2] Hossain, M. E., Kabalci, E., & Kabalci, Y. (2020). Smart features in electric
vehicles: A review. Energies, 13(9), 2240.

• [3] Singh, M., & Bansal, R. C. (2019). Smart features for electric vehicles: A review.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 114, 109329.

• [4] Wang, Z., Li, J., Liu, L., & Ma, L. (2019). Smart features of electric vehicles: A
comprehensive review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 110, 400-410.

• [5] Yin, X., Wang, W., Li, S., & Zhang, C. (2019). A survey on smart features for
electric vehicles. IEEE Access, 7, 108620-108640.

01/08/2024 10
• 6] Khan, M. A., Javaid, N., Ahmed, S. R., Haider, S. A., Qureshi, M. K., &
Alotaibi, Y. (2022, February). Vehicle-to-Grid Technology: A Review on
Architectures, Communications, and Control. Energies, 15(4), 1402.

• [7] He, X., Zou, C., Sun, J., Zhang, Y., & Xu, Z. (2020). Smart Charging of
Electric Vehicles: A Review. Energies, 13(11), 2782.

• [8] Bidar, S., Asghari, B., & Mohamed, M. A. (2021, February). Vehicle-to-
Home Technology for Electric Vehicles: A Review. Sustainable Cities and
Society, 67, 102682.

• [9] Li, J., Chen, C., Zhang, F., & Zhao, B. (2021, October). Vehicle-to-Vehicle
Communication for Electric Vehicles: A Review. IEEE Internet of Things
Journal, 8(20), 15816-15833.

• [10] Li, Y., & Wang, J. (2020). Advanced Driver Assistance Systems for
Electric Vehicles: A Review. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation
Systems, 21(11), 4839-4853.
01/08/2024 11
 THANK YOU

01/08/2024 12