Climate
Climatic Zones.
Factors affecting temperature of Pakistan.
Rainfall.
Effectiveness of rainfall.
Effect of Climate on Life and Economic
Activities of people in Different Regions.
River Floods, droughts.
Highland and Lowland Climate
Highland : Regions ;north & north western,
western areas (mountains)
Climate : Extreme cold, mild summers and
extreme summers and mild winters.
Life style : Transhumance and nomadic.
Lowland: Regions; Indus plain, south of
Balochistan.
Climate : Mild to extreme (Upper to Lower
Indus)
Lifestyle: Rural and Urban
Coastal and Arid Climate
Coastal: Areas; deltas, Makran coast,
Lasbela, Karachi, Kemari.
Climate : Mild ; maritime influence.
Areas: Deserts, Western Baluchistan
(Kharan) and Sindh (Tharparkar and Nara),
Punjab (Thal, Cholistan)
Climate : Extreme Hot
Lifestyle: Nomadic
Factors affecting temperature of
Pakistan
Latitudinal Effect: areas closer to equator
have higher temperature as compared to
areas away from equator.
Continental Effect. Areas closer to sea/ocean
have mild temperature whereas land locked
areas have extreme temperature . (Maritime
influence: sea breeze regulate temperature)
Altitude and temperature
Cloud cover and temperature
Latitude and the angle of the Sun.
Types of Rainfall
Monsoon winds
The Western Depression
Convectional Currents
Relief rainfall
Tropical Cyclones
Monsoon Winds
Monsoon winds
Monsoon Winds
Western Depression
Western Depression
Relief Rainfall
Tropical Cyclones
Air Pressure
In summers there is low pressure
zone on land and high pressure zone
on sea.
In winters there is high pressure
zone on land and low pressure zone
on sea.
Effectiveness of Rainfall
Main sources of rainfall: Monsoon
and Western Depression.
Monsoon: Summers, varies in
amount, timings and distribution; of
limited value for agriculture.
Monsoon showers are heavy but
short lived, mostly it drains away
causing floods and land fails to
absorb it .
Reservoirs can store rain water if silt
issue is resolved.
Fluctuation in monsoon winds can harm
crop planning.
Potwar plateau’s topography does not
favour canal irrigation so a limited area
of it is used for agriculture.
It’s a barani land.
Winter rainfall is effective as it comes
in light showers but amount is
insufficient.