Scribd
Upload
49 views32 pages

Naming and Writing Chemical Formulas

This document provides an overview of naming chemical compounds and writing their formulas. It discusses the basics of ions, ionic charges, and types of compounds including ionic compounds made of metals and nonmetals and molecular compounds made of nonmetals. It then goes into more detail on naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds, ternary ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions, compounds with transition metals, and binary molecular compounds. Prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms present in molecular compounds.

Uploaded by

LÂM VŨ THÙY
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
49 views32 pages

Naming and Writing Chemical Formulas

This document provides an overview of naming chemical compounds and writing their formulas. It discusses the basics of ions, ionic charges, and types of compounds including ionic compounds made of metals and nonmetals and molecular compounds made of nonmetals. It then goes into more detail on naming and writing formulas for binary ionic compounds, ternary ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions, compounds with transition metals, and binary molecular compounds. Prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms present in molecular compounds.

Uploaded by

LÂM VŨ THÙY
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chemical Names and

Formulas
Overview
•Metals and Non-Metals
•Ions and Ionic Charges
•Types of Compounds
•Systematic Names
-Writing Names and Formulas
Naming Compounds Tutorial

 General Information
 Binary Ionic Compounds
 Ternary Ionic Compounds/Poly-atomic Ions
 Naming w/metals that have more than 1 cha
rge (Transition Metals)
 Molecular Compounds
 Naming Acids
Metals and Nonmetals
 Stairway Of Division on Periodic Table
 C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are non-
metals
 B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semi-
metals
 All others are metals
Ions
 Cations  Anions
Positively Negatively
Charged Charged
Atoms Atoms
 i.e. Na+  -
i.e. Cl
IONIC CHARGES
 Group I -> 1+

 Group II -> 2+

 Group III -> 3+

 Group IV -> 4+
IONIC CHARGES
 Group V -> 3-

 Group VI -> 2-

 Group VII -> 1-

 Group VIII -> Noble Gases


TYPES OF COMPOUNDS
 Ionic Compounds

• composed of positive and


negative ions.
• usually formed from a metal and
non-metal.
• these elements are not attached
to one another.
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Ionic Compounds con’t

• Examples
NaCl
CaBr2
KI
CHEMICAL FORMULAS
 Definition

• shows the kind and numbers of


atoms in the smallest
representative unit of the
substance.
 i. e.

NaCl
IONIC COMPOUNDS
 A formula unit is the lowest
whole number ratio of ions in an
ionic compound.
 i.e.
i.e. Na2Cl2 -> NaCl
 There is no such thing as a
molecule of NaCl!!!!!!!!!
IONIC COMPOUNDS

 If charges cancel, just write the symbols


Na+1 Cl-1 NaCl
 If charges do not cancel, criss-cross:
Ca+2 Cl-1 CaCl2
***Do not move the charge, only the
number
***Do not write the 1
NAMING
COMPOUNDS
 Your ability to name compounds
and write formula’s hinges on
your ability to recognize whether
a compound is Ionic or
Molecular.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Binary means 2 elements
 Ionic means a metal and a non-
metal (or cation and anion)
 Writing Formulas

• charges must balance so


compound charge is neutral.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Writing Formulas from Names

• 1st word = CATION


• 2nd word = ANION name
with ide
ending.
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 NaBr  Sodium
Bromide
 MgF2  Magnesium
Fluoride
BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Potassium
K+Cl- -> KCl
Chloride
 Aluminum
Al23+O32- ->
Oxide
Al2O3
• notice ending
of name is ide!
Polyatomic Ions
 Definition •tightly bound
groups of atoms that behave as
a unit and carry a charge.
2-
 Example SO3 , NO2 , ClO2
- -
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS
 Ternary means 3 different
elements
 Usually contain Poly-atomic
Ions
 Ionic means cation and anion
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS:Writing
Formulas
 Ca2+CO 2-
Calcium
3

CaCO3 Carbonate
Charges canceled.

Just write the symbols


TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS: Naming

Calcium  Ca+2 (NO3)-1


Nitrate
Notice the charges didn’t
cancel so they criss crossed
Ca(NO3)2
Naming with Transition
Metals
 First word = CATION
 Second word = ANION
– The Roman numeral will tell you the
charge of the transition metal
– Silver (Ag) is an exception. It’s
charge is +1
Naming Transition
Metals
Copper (I) Cu+1 O-2
Oxide
Cu O
2
Writing Formulas with
Transition Metals
FeCl Iron (III)
3

Fe Cl+3 -1 Chloride
FeCl Iron (II)
2

Fe +2
Cl -1 Chloride
*Backwards criss-cross to know the charge/Roman numeral
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular Compounds

• composed of molecules in
which elements share
electrons.
• usually composed of 2
nonmetals.
• these elements are attached
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
 Definition

• shows the numbers and


kinds of atoms present in a
molecule of a compound.
 i. e.

CO
TYPES OF
COMPOUNDS
 Molecular Compounds con’t

•Examples
CS2
SiO2
BF3
BINARY MOLECULAR
COMPOUNDS
Binary means 2 elements
Molecular means 2 non-
metals
NO ionic charges are
present
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
 Prefixes are used to show how
many atoms are present in each
molecule.
Covalent Prefixes
 Mono (or no prefix) –  Hexa – 6
1  Hepta – 7
 Di – 2  Octa – 8
 Tri – 3  Nona – 9
 Tetra – 4  Deca – 10
 Penta – 5
Writing Binary
Molecular Compounds
CO
2
Carbon
Dioxide
•no mono • Di means 2
prefix is used on oxygens!!
first element
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
 2 ways it’s done!

• (prefix + element name)


i.e. N2O
dinitrogen monoxide
Naming Binary
Molecular Compounds
• (prefix + element root + ide)
i.e. PCl3
Phosphorous Trichloride
 All binary compounds end in
ide!!!

You might also like