14e
Organizational
Behavior
Human Behavior at
Work
Chapter One
The Dynamics of
People and
John W. Newstrom Organizations
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Outline
• Understand OB and Definition
• Goals
• Forces
• Fundamental Concepts (Figure 1.2)
• The Nature of People
• The Nature of Organizations
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Organizational Behavior (OB)
• Organizational Behavior is Systematic study
and application of knowledge about how
people – as individual and as group - act
within organizations (P-4)
• Identifies ways in which people can act more
effectively
• Is a scientific discipline and an applied science
• Provides a useful set of analysis tools
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Benefits of Organizational Behavior
• Helps observe the behavior of individuals
within an organization
• Aids in understanding the complexities
involved in interpersonal relations
• Examines the dynamics of relationships within
small groups
• Aids in viewing and managing organizations as
whole systems
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Goals of Organizational Behavior
• To systematically describe how people behave
under various circumstances
• To understand people’s behavior
• To predict an individual’s behavior
• To control human behavior at work (P5)
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Forces of Organizational Behavior
• People
– Constitute the internal social system of the
organization
– Diversity: Occurs when employees bring a wide
array of educational backgrounds, talents, and
perspectives to their jobs
• Structure
– Formal relationship and use of people in
organizations
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Forces of Organizational Behavior
(P5-6)
People must be related in some structural way so
their work can be effectively coordinated
Technology
Provides the tools necessary for employees to
carry out their tasks
Environment
Organizations operate in internal and external
environments
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Forces of Organizational Behavior
– Changes create demands on organizations
– External environment affects human behavior
• Influences people’s attitudes
• Affects working conditions
• Provides competition for resources and power
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Figure 1.2 - Fundamental Concepts of
Organizational Behavior
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Nature of People
Individual differences: Requires managers to
employ a unique approach to every individual
employee
Law of individual differences: Belief that each
person is different from all others
Perception: Unique way in which each person
sees, organizes, and interprets things
Selective perception: Paying attention to features
of work environment that are consistent with or
reinforce one’s own expectations
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Nature of People
Whole person - Organizations employ a whole
person rather than certain characteristics
Home life is not totally separable from work life
Emotional conditions are not separate from
physical conditions
Ways to develop a better employee and person
Motivated behavior
Desire for involvement
Value of the person
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Nature of Organizations
Social systems
• Activities in organizations are governed by social laws as well
as psychological laws
Mutual interest
• Organization and its employees depending on each other to
achieve their respective goals
Ethics
• Use of moral principles and values to affect the behavior of
individuals and organizations
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Figure 1.3 - Mutual Interest Provides a
Superordinate Goal for Employees, the
Organization, and Society
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