Ma. Rachelle H.

Yu, MAN, RN, OHN, CINT

Clinical Instructor
 Introduction:

• Oxygen is a gas found in the air and has no

colour, smell or taste and is very necessary for
life.
• Oxygen has the symbol of O and atomic
number 8.
• Oxygen make up 21% of the atmosphere by
volume.
•  Oxygen administration is the
process by which supplemented
oxygen is administered in high
concentration than that of
atmospheric air.
•  Oxygenation refers to the process
of treating a patient with oxygen,
or of combining a medication or
other substance with oxygen.
•  Oxygenation refers to the process
of treating a patient with oxygen,
or of combining a medication or
other substance with oxygen.
 Sources of Oxygen in the
Hospitals:
Therapeutic oxygen is available from
two sources:
[Link] outlets
[Link] cylinders
• Stationary
• Portable, Mobile or ambulatory.
 Purpose of Oxygen
Administration:
1. To relieve dyspnea
2. To prevent hypoxemia (low level of
oxygen in the blood) and hypoxia
(low level of oxygen in cells).
3. To increase oxygenation in tissues.
 Indication for Oxygen
Administration:
• Severe respiratory distress (e.g. asthma
and pneumonia)
• Intra and post operatively
• Hypoxia and hypoxemia
• Shock
• Severe trauma
• Acute myocardial infarction/heart attack
 Precautions for Oxygen
Administration:
• Avoid naked flames near oxygen cylinder.
• Put NO SMOKING sign at the entrance of the
ward and near patient bed to warn others.
• Do not use oil on the oxygen cylinder. Oil can
ignite if exposed to oxygen.
• Do not give oxygen to a hyperventilated
patient.
 Precautions for Oxygen
Administration:

• Keep oxygen cylinders in a dry and cool

place.
• Mark oxygen cylinder to indicate
whether full or empty.
He wasn't born blind
Steve Wonders (real name is Steveland
Hardaway Judkins) was born premature,
thus had to be incubated. The oxygen
pumped in his incubator worsened
the blood vessels in the back of his
eyes, causing him to go blind.
Why does oxygen cause blindness in infants?
Scar tissue may develop and pull the retina
loose from the inner surface of the eye (retinal
detachment). In severe cases, this can result
in vision loss. In the past, the use of too
much oxygen in treating premature babies
caused vessels to grow abnormally. Better
methods are now available for monitoring
oxygen.
PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST
SKILL 10: OXYGENATION
1. Assembles equipment:
oxygen source (tank or piped
in),
PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST
SKILL 10: OXYGENATION

1. Assembles equipment: oxygen

source (tank or piped in), oxygen
regulator with humidifier properly
filled with sterile water (aqua pack)
PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST
SKILL 10: OXYGENATION

1. Assembles equipment: oxygen

source (tank or piped in), oxygen
regulator with humidifier properly
filled with sterile water (aqua ),
monkey wrench,
PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST
SKILL 10: OXYGENATION

1. Assembles equipment: oxygen

source (tank or piped in), oxygen
regulator with humidifier properly
filled with sterile water (aqua pack),
monkey wrench, nasal cannula
PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST
SKILL 10: OXYGENATION

1. Assembles equipment: oxygen

source (tank or piped in), oxygen
regulator with humidifier properly
filled with sterile water (aqua pack)
, monkey wrench, nasal
cannula/nasal catheter/face
mask/oxygen hood as ordered.
2. Explains procedure to the client.

3. Place NO SMOKING signs in

appropriate areas.

4. Wash hands.
5. Attaches oxygen regulator
with humidifier to oxygen wall
or tank. Screws connection
tight using monkey wrench.
Opens and check gauge reading
for the for the amount of oxygen
in tank or supply of oxygen in
the piped in wall.
6. Connects oxygen delivery
device (nasal cannula/catheter,
face mask hood) with
connecting tube to oxygen set
up.
7. Checks oxygen flow for
patency and leaks.
8. Places oxygen delivery device to
client as follows:
a. Nasal Catheter: measures
length to be inserted from the tip of
the nose to earlobe; moisten tip of
catheter with water soluble lubricant;
inserts into the nostrils until
measured line is reached; checks
uvula if catheter is in place; secures
in place using adhesive tape to the
side of face or bridge of nose.
 b. Nasal Cannula: places
prongs in nostrils; puts straps over
and behind each ear with adjuster
the chin.
Nasal Cannula
• 0.25 to 8 L/min flow
• Oxygen concentration of
approximately 22% to 45%
Nasal Cannula: Advantages
• Comfortable and well tolerated by
most patients
• Does not interfere with patient
assessment or impede patient
communication with healthcare
personnel
• Patient able to talk, eat and drink with
oxygen in place.
• No rebreathing of expired air
Nasal Cannula: Advantages
• Patient can vomit and let oral
secretions out easily without any
interruption in oxygen delivery.
• It delivers low concentration of
oxygen.
 Nasal Cannula: Disadvantages

• Can only be used in a

spontaneously breathing patient.
• Easily displaced or dislodged from
patient nostrils.
• Nasal passages must be open.
• Involves a drying of mucosa that
may cause sinus pain.
 Nasal Cannula: Disadvantages

• Tubing may cause skin breakdown

above the ears and irritation in the
nostrils.
• Oxygen flow rates of more than
6 L/min do not enhance delivered
oxygen concentration
c. Face mask: position mask
over nose and mouth; adjust
elastic strap over ears and
back of head so mask fits
snugly and comfortably.
Simple Face Mask
• At 5 to 10 L/min, this device can
deliver an inspired oxygen
concentration of approximately 35%
to 60%.
Simple Face Mask: Advantages
• Higher oxygen
concentration delivered than
by nasal cannula.
• It is quick and easy to
apply.
Simple Face Mask: Disadvantages
• Can only be used in a
spontaneously breathing patient
• Not well tolerated by severely
dyspneic patients
• Difficult to hear the patient
speaking when the device is in
place
Simple Face Mask: Disadvantages

• Must be removed during meals,

while talking and if clients vomits.
• Requires a tight face seal to
prevent the leakage of oxygen
• Oxygen flow rates of more than 10
L/min do not enhance delivered
oxygen concentration
Types of Face mask:

PARTIAL
REBREATHER MASKNONREBREATHER
MASK
 A. PARTIAL REBREATHER
MASK

 Similar to simple face

mask, with added
reservoir
 Fill reservoir before use

 Delivers approximately
35% to 60% O2 with
flow rates of 6 to 10
L/min
Partial Rebreather Mask: Advantages

• Higher oxygen concentration

delivered than by nasal cannula
Nonrebreather Mask
• Can deliver up
to 60% to 80% O2
at 10 L/min

• Fill reservoir
before use
Nonrebreather Mask: Advantages

• Higher oxygen
concentration
delivered than by
nasal cannula,
simple face mask,
and partial
rebreather mask
Venturi Mask with
Interchangeable
Venturi valves
 d. Oxygen Hood: places
hood over the head, secures in
place.
9. Adjust flow rate as ordered.
10. Washes hands.
11. Checks client regularly.
Assess nares/skin for irritation
or secretions, oxygen delivery
device for patency and steady
supply of humidified oxygen.
12. Document: time started
and/or discontinued, rate of
oxygen flow in L/min, method of
administration, respiratory
status and response to oxygen.
AMBO BAG
BAG VALVE MASK
(BVM)
BVM
PLACEMENT
EASY to use!
Bag-Mask Ventilation
 Oxygen delivery
Bag-Mask Ventilation
 Oxygen delivery
Bag-Mask Ventilation
 Oxygen delivery
BASIC AIRWAY
MANAGEMENT
SAFETY AND DISEASE TRANSMISSION
ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE
When ET was already inserted
ventilate using BVM
1 ventilation every 6 seconds