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9
Creating Brand Equity
 Chapter Questions

 What is a brand and how does branding

work?
 What is brand equity?
 How is brand equity built, measured, and
managed?
 What are the important decisions in
developing a branding strategy?

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 Steps in
Strategic Brand Management

Identifying and establishing brand
positioning
 Planning and implementing brand
marketing
 Measuring and interpreting brand
performance
 Growing and sustaining brand value

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 What is a Brand?
A brand is a name, term, sign, symbol or
design, or a combination of them, intended
to identify the goods or services of one seller
or group of sellers and to differentiate them
from those of competitors.

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 The Role of Brands
 Identify the maker
 Simplify product handling
 Organize accounting
 Offer legal protection

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 The Role of Brands

Signify quality


 Create barriers to entry

 Serve as a competitive advantage
 Secure price premium

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 What is Branding?

Branding is endowing products

and services with the
power of the brand.

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 What is Brand Equity?

Brand equity is the added value endowed

on products and services, which may be
reflected in the way consumers, think, feel,
and act with respect to the brand.

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-8

 Advantages of Strong Brands

Improved  Larger margins
perceptions of  More inelastic
product consumer
performance response
 Greater loyalty  Greater trade
cooperation
Less vulnerability to  
Increased marketing
competitive communications
marketing actions effectiveness
 Less vulnerability to  Possible licensing
crises opportunities
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 Virgin Atlantic’s Brand Promise

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 What is a Brand Promise?

A brand promise is the marketer’s vision of

what the brand must be and do for consumers.

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 Brand Equity Models

Brand Asset Valuator

(BAV)

Brandz

Brand Resonance

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 Figure 9.1 BAV Model

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 Figure 9.2 Universe of
Brand Performance

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 Figure 9.3
Brand Dynamics Pyramid

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 Figure 9.4 Brand Resonance
Pyramid

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 Brand Building Blocks

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 MasterCard Created An
Emotional Bond to its Brand

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 Drivers of Brand Equity

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 Brand Elements

Brand names  Symbols

 Slogans Logos 

 Characters  URLs

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 Brand Element Choice Criteria
Memorable

Meaningful

Likeable

Transferable

Adaptable

Protectable

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 Slogans

Like a good  We try harder
neighbor, State  We’ll pick you up
Farm is there  Nextel - Done

Just do it  Zoom Zoom
 Nothing runs like a
Deere

I’m lovin’ it

Innovation at work
 Save 15% or more
in 15 minutes or  This Bud’s for you
 Always low prices
less

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 Figure 9.5 Secondary Sources of
Brand Knowledge

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 Internal Branding

Choose the right moment



 Link internal and external marketing

 Bring the brand alive for employees

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 Figure 9.6 Brand Value Chain

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 Measuring Brand Equity

 Brand audits
 Brand tracking
 Brand valuation

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 Table 9.4
The 10 Most Valuable Brands

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 Figure 9.7 Interbrand Brand
Valuation Method

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 Managing Brand Equity

 Brand reinforcement
 Brand revitalization

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 Devising a Branding Strategy

 Develop new brand elements

 Apply existing brand elements
 Use a combination of old and new

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 Branding Terms

 Brand line  Line extension

 Brand mix  Category extension
 Brand extension  Branded variants
 Sub-brand Licensed product


 Parent brand
 Family brand

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 Reasons for Brand Portfolios

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 Brand Roles in a Brand Portfolio

 Flankers
 Cash cows
 Low-end, entry-level
 High-end prestige

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 Brand Extensions

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 For Review

 What is a brand and how does branding

work?
 What is brand equity?
 How is brand equity built, measured, and
managed?
 What are the important decisions in
developing a branding strategy?

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-35