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Weather Instruments and Measurements

This document discusses how various weather elements are measured using common instruments. It describes how temperature is measured with a thermometer, air pressure with a barometer, wind direction with a wind vane, wind speed with an anemometer, and rainfall with a rain gauge. Cloud cover can be observed on the okta scale. Students are tasked with designing their own weather instrument using basic materials and describing how it would measure elements.

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Andrew Cummings
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61 views15 pages

Weather Instruments and Measurements

This document discusses how various weather elements are measured using common instruments. It describes how temperature is measured with a thermometer, air pressure with a barometer, wind direction with a wind vane, wind speed with an anemometer, and rainfall with a rain gauge. Cloud cover can be observed on the okta scale. Students are tasked with designing their own weather instrument using basic materials and describing how it would measure elements.

Uploaded by

Andrew Cummings
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

17/07/2023

Measuring the Weather


MLO
1. Must be able to describe
instruments that measure the
weather
2. Should be able to design your own
weather instrument

• You have 2 minutes to


write these aims:
Temperature

Temperature is how hot or cold it is.

How is temperature measured?

Temperature can be measured using a


thermometer such as the liquid-in-glass
type, where the liquid (mercury or spirit) in
the bulb expands and rises up a capillary
tube.
Temperature is measured in either oCelsius
or oFahrenheit.
Temperatures are measured in the shade,
so that the heat of the sun does not heat up
the instrument being used.
Thermometer
Air pressure
Air pressure is the force exerted on
the Earth by the weight of the air
above.

It can help us tell if it will be stormy


(low pressure) or warm dry and sunny
(high pressure)

How is air pressure measured?


It is measured with a barometer.

Air pressure is measured in millibars


(mb)
Wind direction

How is wind direction measured?

Wind direction is measured using a wind vane.


In this case, the wind has come from the north.
It is a northerly wind.
Wind direction can alter temperature and the
amount of moisture in the air

the arrow points


into the wind

See if you can spot a wind vane


in your local area.
Wind

Wind is simply moving air.

Wind speed is how fast the air is moving.

How is wind speed measured?

Wind speed is measured by an


anemometer. This has metal cups
which rotate in the wind.
The stronger the wind, the faster the
anemometer turns.

anemometer
Rainfall

Rain is a type of precipitation.


Precipitation is where water vapour in the air is cooled and
condenses into water droplets.
Other types of precipitation are snow, sleet, hail, dew or fog.

How is rainfall measured?


Rainfall is measured with a rain gauge.

rain gauge
Cloud cover

Cloud cover is the fraction of the


sky covered in clouds. It is
measured on the okta scale
Cloud cover can be measured
by observation.

It is measured in oktas.

clear sky
Beaufort scale – measure of weather by conditions
Can you write the descriptions for the
smoke rises vertically
Beaufort Scale?
Two examples have been done for you.

trees uprooted
Paper
Paper
Clip
Drawing Pin

Clicker to
record
rotations Half Cup
Cup to Catch
Wind

Tripod to
stabilise

Wood
Measure Wind Speed:
Each time the paper touches together count 1 over 10 second period.
Weather Instrument
Use your knowledge of weather instruments to design a
new state of the art weather measuring device.

Think of what you have at home and draw a schematic.

GEOG HW: Make weather


instrument in Thur 13th July
Name Design Materials Functionality Total

/10 /10 /10 /30


Using the following equipment
design a instrument to
measure the weather:
Paper clips, card, lollipop
sticks, plastic cups.
It must take measurements!!
Weather instruments
Which instrument?

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