An introduction to the study of Education

(EDES113)
(APA 7th Referencing)
Dr. LH Sokhulu

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 APA 7 references:

 References. Details about sources/studies used in an article/assignment.

There are many reference styles used in academia but UKZN uses APA 7th
 Why referencing:
To acknowledge words/work of other authors/scholars
To avoid plagiarism
To trace sources
 To indicate the range of sources(outdated or updated)

 What can be referenced

 Academic articles, thesis
Books, magazines, newspapers and others

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 APA 7 references:

 There are two parts to referencing

 In-text referencing (written within the body of the article/assignment)
List of references/bibliography (written at the end of article/assignment with full
details)
 In-text referencing
Basic format: (Surname of the author followed by year of publication)
Starting the sentence with a citation
Khoza (2018) asserted that lecturers have different needs…….(one author)
In contrast, Amin and Mahabeer (2021) argue that lecturers have similar needs…..
(two authors)
Ending the sentence with a citation
…..lecturers have different needs (Khoza, 2018).
…..lecturers have similar needs (Amin & Mahabeer, 2021).

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 Activity

• Reference an idea you’ve always wanted to share with

the world using your surname and any year of
publication
• Single author -beginning
• Three authors -beginning
• Two authors -at the end

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 Responses
• 1.

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 APA 7 references:
In-text referencing : when you are providing a direct quote
 Basic format: (Surname of the author followed by year of publication - and
page, length of text copied should be not more than 40 ).
Starting the sentence with a citation
Khoza (2018, p. 171) outlined that “competence-based curriculum needs”…
Khoza and Mpungose (2018, p.10) outlined that “competence-based curriculum needs
are prescribed.
Ending the sentence with a citation
...because “competence-based curriculum needs are prescribed” (Khoza, 2018, p.171).

...because “competence-based curriculum needs and prescribed” (Khoza & Mpungose,

2018, p.10 ).
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 APA 7 references:

List of references: Book

 Basic format:
 Surname(s) of author(s) or editor(s), Initials. Year of publication. Title of
book. Edition (only when edition is other than the 1st). Name of publisher.
 Titles of books are in italics.
 Examples:
 Book by single author
 Shotton, M.A. (1989). Computer addiction? A study of computer
dependency. Taylor & Francis.

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 APA 7 references:
List of references: Book
Book by two authors
Palmer, G. R., & Short, S. D. (2010). Health care
and public policy:An Australian analysis (4th ed.).
Palgrave Macmillan

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 APA 7 references:
List of references: Academic article
Basic format:
Surname(s), initial(s) of author. Year of publication. Title of
article. Title of the journal, volume number, which is also in
italics, (issue or part number): inclusive page numbers.
DOI link

 example: one author

Sokhulu, L. H. (2021). Students’ experiences of using digital technologies to address their
personal research needs during the COVID-19 lockdown. African Identities, 19(4), 436-452.
[Link]

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 APA 7th references:
List of references: Academic article
Basic format:
Surname(s), initial(s) of author. Year of publication. Title of
article. Title of the journal, volume number, which is also in
italics, (issue or part number): inclusive page numbers.
DOI link

 Example: two authors

 Mbatha, N., Satimburwa, N., Msiza, V., & Zonal, T. (2020). The academentia of ECAs:
Navigating academic terrain through critical friendships as a life jacket. Educational
Research for Social Change, 9(1), 31-44..
[Link]

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 Activity

• Nzimande, N. (2015). Teaching pre-service teachers

about LGBTI issues: Transforming the
self. Agenda, 29(1), 74-80.
[Link]

• Identify the journal name

• Title
• Page numbers in the publishing journal

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 What is plagiarism

 Academic crime/theft
 Taking ideas, academic work, words without any acknowledgement of the
source.
 Academic crime can occur stealing:
 Printed text,
Electronic text,
Images,
Computer programmes,
Sound,
Performance or creative works

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 Why students plagiarize ?

Online sources provides an opportunity for students to easily

cut, paste, download and plagiarize/ COPY information
 Students want to score high marks not to master the content.
 Poor preparation of task
 Students’ lack of UNDERSTANDING academic literacy (referencing,
quoting & summarizing).
 Unavailability of plagiarism policy by the institution.

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 Limitations of doing plagiarism ?

It does not develop any understanding of the content

It can be easily detected by lecturers and similarities detection

software (Turnitin, Grammarly, and others).
It may lead to FAIL the module.

It lead to the expulsion by the institution. (students to read

UKZN plagiarism policy on Moodle)

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 How to avoid plagiarism ?

 Turnitin – a plagiarism detection software used in most universities to root

out internet plagiarism. University departments are increasingly making
Turnitin’s “originality reports”
 Turn to hand-writing of the work before typing.(optional)
 Provide authoritative sources via:
Quotations
Paraphrasing
Summarising

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 Class activity (Plagiarism? Yes or No)
 
Context Yes/no
1 Copying a paragraph, but changing a few words and giving a  
citation.
 
2 Cutting and pasting a short article from a website, with no citation.  
 
3 Taking two paragraphs from a classmate’s essay, without citation.  

4 Taking a graph from a textbook, giving the source.  

5 Taking a quotation from a source, giving a citation but not using  

quotation marks.
 
6 Using something that you think of as general knowledge, e.g.  
large areas of rainforest have been cut down in recent years.
 
7 Using a paragraph from an essay you wrote and had marked the  
previous semester, without citation.
 
8 Using the results of your own research, e.g. from a survey,  
without citation.
 
9 Discussing an essay topic with a group of classmates and using  
some of their ideas in your own work.
 
10 Giving a citation for some information but mis-spelling the  
author’s name.

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 Take home activity

Download and read the PART 1- academic writing handbook to prepare for the next
lecture

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