THREE TYPES OF
ROCKS
RULES
SCIENCE TRIVIA FACTS
Norman l. Bowen– the most famous
Canadian geologist in the 20th century.
was the greatest petrologist of the 20th century
and one of the most influential geologists of all
time. His name is known by anyone who has
attended a college course in physical geology by
virtue of the famous Bowen’s ReactionSeries
which appears in every physical geology and
petrology textbook in the world.
Three Types of Rocks
Three types of rocks
Example and importance
of rocks
What are the three types
of rocks?
How are rocks classified as
igneous, sedimentary and
metamorphic?
Pre-test
Identify what is being asked. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
It is kind of rocks that are formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or molten mineral.
a. Igneous Rocks b. Sedimentary Rocks c. Metamorphic Rocks
2. It is a type of rocks that are formed from preexisting rocks or pieces of once living organisms.
a. Igneous Rocks b. Sedimentary Rocks c. Metamorphic Rocks
3. It is a type of rock that are formed from preexisting rocks; these rocks have been modified by heat, pressure,
and chemical processes.
a. Igneous Rocks b. Sedimentary Rocks c. Metamorphic Rocks
4. It is a type of metamorphism happens on layers of rocks having contact with heat (magma)
a. Contact b. Regional c. Igneous
5. It is a type of metamorphism happens over large region of the crust where high temperature and pressure is
present.
a. Contact b. Regional c. Igneous
1. How do you classify the three types of rocks?
2. What is your bases in classifying igneous, sedimentary, and
metamorphic rocks?
Rocks
- Rock is a solid mineral substance on the surface or under the soil,
forming part of the earth surface.
- Are combined aggregation of minerals
CLASSIFICATION
IGNEOUS ROCK
SEDIMENTARY ROCK
METAMORPHIC ROCK
What do you call the study of rocks?
Petrology
the branch of science concerned with the
origin, small-scale structure, and composition
of rocks.
What do you call a person who study rocks?
Petrologist
Is a person (geologist) who specializes in petrology.
Igneous Rock
Igneous – Formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or molten mineral.
2 types of Igneous Rocks
Extrusive/Volcanic rock Intrusive/Plutonic
Extrusive/Volcanic rock
Lava that cools
Fine grained crystals since the cooling process is fast
Intrusive/Plutonic
Magma that cools slowly
Course grained crystals
Fined-grained- sizes of minerals are
small
Coarsed-grained- mineral crystals are
visible to the unaided eye.
CLASSIFICATION
Based of COMPOSITION
FELSIC – light-colored,
feldspar, silicate
MAFIC – dark in color, made
up of magnesium and iron.
INTERMEDIATE – between
mafic and felsic
ULTRAMAFIC – very dark
CLASSIFICATION
Based of TEXTURE
Aphanistic – fine grained
Phaneritic – coarsed grained
Porphyritic – large crystals
with small crystals
Glassy – non-ordered solid
from rapid quenching.
Pyroclastic – composite of
ejected fragments.
Types of Igneous Rock
Basalt Granite Mica White
Pumice Quartz Cryolite
SEDIMENTARY ROCK
Formed from preexisting rocks or pieces of once living
organisms.
Types of Sedimentary
Rocks
1. Clastic
2. Chemical
3. Organic
Clastic
This type of sedimentary rock formed from accumulation of clasts:
Little pieces of broken rocks and shells.
Ex: breccia, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and shale.
Chemical
Formed when dissolved minerals precipitate from a solution.
Organic
Rocks formed from the accumulation of materials from living things or product of
living things.
Ex: rock salt, iron ore, chert, flint, some dolomites, and some limestones.
Types of Sedimentary Rock
Diatomite Shale Halite
Bitumenous Chalk Rock
Feldspar Sandstone
Dolomite Beril
METAMORPHIC ROCK
Formed from preexisting rocks; these rocks have been
modified by heat, pressure, and chemical processes.
Metamorphism
Change of minerals or geologic texture in preexisting rocks
(protoliths) without the protolith melting into liquid magma.
( solid – state change)
2 types of Metamorphism
1. Regional – happens over large region of the crust where high temperature
and pressure is present
2 types of Metamorphism
2. Contact – happens on layers of rocks having contact with heat (magma)
Types of Metamorphic Rocks
Biotite Calcite
Garnet Marble