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Understanding Ecosystem Structure

This document discusses ecosystem structure, including biotic and abiotic components. It defines an ecosystem as a unit of interacting organisms and their environment. Ecosystem structure is characterized by the organization of living and non-living parts. Biotic components include producers (plants), primary consumers (herbivores), secondary consumers (carnivores and omnivores), tertiary consumers, and decomposers (fungi and bacteria). Abiotic components are non-living elements like air, water, soil, sunlight, and temperature.

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Justin Sahu
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11 views9 pages

Understanding Ecosystem Structure

This document discusses ecosystem structure, including biotic and abiotic components. It defines an ecosystem as a unit of interacting organisms and their environment. Ecosystem structure is characterized by the organization of living and non-living parts. Biotic components include producers (plants), primary consumers (herbivores), secondary consumers (carnivores and omnivores), tertiary consumers, and decomposers (fungi and bacteria). Abiotic components are non-living elements like air, water, soil, sunlight, and temperature.

Uploaded by

Justin Sahu
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TOPIC TO BE PRESENTED-:

ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE

NAME- JUSTIN KUMAR SAHU


REGD NO- 210704170003
BRANCH- [Link]. Zoology
SUBJECT- PLANT ECOLOGY AND PHYTOGEOGRAPHY
CODE- CUTM1463
Session- 2021-2024
CONTENT
• What is Ecosystem?
• What is Ecosystem structure?
• Types of Ecosystem structure
a. Biotic components
b. Abiotic components
ECOSYSTEM
• An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of
ecology where the living organisms interact with
each other and the surrounding environment.
• In other words, an ecosystem is a chain of
interactions between organisms and their
environment.
• The term “Ecosystem” was first coined by
[Link], an English botanist, in 1935.
ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE
• The structure of an ecosystem is characterized by
the organization of both living and non-living
components.
• This includes the distribution of energy in our
environment.
• It also includes the climatic conditions prevailing in
that environment. 
BIOTIC COMPONENTS
1. Producers- Include all autotrophs such as plants.
They are called autotrophs as they can produce
food through the process of photosynthesis.
2. Consumers- Consumers or heterotrophs are
organisms that depend on other organisms for food.
Consumers are further classified into-:
a) Primary consumers- These are always herbivores
as they rely on producers for food.
b) Secondary consumers- Depend on primary
consumers for energy. They can either be carnivores
or omnivores.
c) Tertiary consumers- These are organisms that
depend on secondary consumers for food. Tertiary
consumers can also be carnivores or omnivores.
d) Quaternary consumers- These organisms' prey on
tertiary consumers for energy. Furthermore, they are
usually at the top of a food chain as they have no
natural predators.
3. Decomposers- Include saprophytes such as fungi
and bacteria. They directly thrive on the dead and
decaying organic matter.  Decomposers are essential
for the ecosystem as they help in recycling nutrients to
be reused by plants.
ABIOTIC COMPONENTS
Abiotic components are the non-living component of
an ecosystem. It includes air, water, soil, minerals,
sunlight, temperature, nutrients, wind, etc.

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