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Selection Rules for Beta Decay

This document outlines the selection rules for beta decay transitions in nuclei. It discusses that for beta transitions to occur, the initial and final nuclear states must satisfy conservation of angular momentum and parity. It notes that transitions with no change in orbital angular momentum (ΔL=0) are allowed, while those with a change (ΔL>0) are forbidden. For allowed transitions, the selection rules are that the change in total angular momentum (ΔI) must equal the change in spin (ΔS), and that there is no change in parity between the initial and final states. It specifically discusses the Fermi and Gamow-Teller selection rules where ΔI=0 and ΔI=±1,0 respectively, with no

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169 views5 pages

Selection Rules for Beta Decay

This document outlines the selection rules for beta decay transitions in nuclei. It discusses that for beta transitions to occur, the initial and final nuclear states must satisfy conservation of angular momentum and parity. It notes that transitions with no change in orbital angular momentum (ΔL=0) are allowed, while those with a change (ΔL>0) are forbidden. For allowed transitions, the selection rules are that the change in total angular momentum (ΔI) must equal the change in spin (ΔS), and that there is no change in parity between the initial and final states. It specifically discusses the Fermi and Gamow-Teller selection rules where ΔI=0 and ΔI=±1,0 respectively, with no

Uploaded by

chitra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SELECTION

RULES
INTRODUCTION:
• For β-transition to occur the initial and final states of the nucleus are
supposed to satisfy certain conditions called selection rules.
• These rules are related with conservation of angular momentum and parity.
• These rules depending on whether β decay is allowed or forbidden.
• The nuclear state is characterized by the total angular momentum I and
parity π .
• The total angular momentum is vector sum of the orbital and spin angular
momenta.
ɪ=L+S➝(1)
• Δɪ=∆S+∆L➝(2)
• ∆ɪ=ɪf-ɪi→(3)
• ɪf-final state angular momenta
• ɪi-initial state angular momenta
• β decay or β transition with ∆L=0 are referred to as allowed
transition while those with ∆L>0 are called forbidden
transitions.
• For allowed transition ∆L=0 i.e.,∆ɪ=∆S→(4) ɪ=s
• ɪf-ɪi=∆s→(5)
• For fermi allowed transitions ∆s=0
• Then equation(4) becomes ∆ɪ=0 i.e., ɪf-ɪi=0
• According to Gammow-Teller(GT) selection rule the spin may
be anti parallel i.e.,∆s≠0
• ∆ɪ=±1,0
• Gammow allowed transitions these cannot be a transition between
ɪf=ɪi=Because such transitions cannot satisfy the condition of ∆s=1.
• The conservation of parity demands at the parity of the initial wave
function of the parent nucleus must be same as the product of the
parties of the wavefunction of daughter nucleus, electron and
neutrino.
• πi=πf(-1)^l. L-orbital quantum number .
• For fermi allowed transition:
• πi=πf, Hence these is no change in parity..
• In Gammow Teller transition also there is no charge is parity .
• Thus for allowed transitions,the rules are
• i)∆I=0. No change in parity =Fermi type
• Ii)∆I=±1,0 No change in parity=Gawwom teller type
Thank you

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