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Medical Definition of Suctioning

Suctioning is a method used to clear excessive secretions from the airway by inserting a suction catheter. It aims to maintain a clear airway to improve ventilation and oxygenation. Indications for suctioning include respiratory pathology altering secretions or inhibiting cough reflex. Signs that suctioning is needed include rattling sounds, fast breathing or bubbles in the tracheostomy tube. Suction pressure and catheter size vary depending on age but should allow air to enter around the catheter. Suctioning depth depends on tube size and complications can include trauma, hypoxia or infection if not done properly.

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508 views15 pages

Medical Definition of Suctioning

Suctioning is a method used to clear excessive secretions from the airway by inserting a suction catheter. It aims to maintain a clear airway to improve ventilation and oxygenation. Indications for suctioning include respiratory pathology altering secretions or inhibiting cough reflex. Signs that suctioning is needed include rattling sounds, fast breathing or bubbles in the tracheostomy tube. Suction pressure and catheter size vary depending on age but should allow air to enter around the catheter. Suctioning depth depends on tube size and complications can include trauma, hypoxia or infection if not done properly.

Uploaded by

Missy Shona
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SUCTION

DEFINITION Suctioning is a method of removing excessive secretions from the airway. May be applied to: c. Oral d. Nasopharyngeal e. Tracheal passage

PURPOSE
The aim of airway suction is to clear secretions, thereby maintaining a patent airway and improving ventilation and oxygenation Removal of such secretions also minimises the risk of atelectasis .

INDICATION
Respiratory pathology causing an alteration in type or quantity of secretions, or disruption of the normal mucociliary clearance process Neurological disorders which inhibit / depress the normal cough reflex,

SIGNS THAT NEEDS SUCTIONING


Rattling mucus sounds from the trach Fast breathing Bubbles of mucus in trach opening Dry raspy breathing or a whistling noise from trach Older children /adults may vocalize or signal a need to be suctioned. Signs of respiratory distress under Tracheostomy Complications

SUCTION PRESSURE
The suction pressure recommendations are: 50-80 mmHg (8-10 kPa) for neonates Up to 100 mmHg (<16 kPa) for older children adults 100-120mm Hg

SUCTION CATHETER
The size of the suction catheter depends on the size of the tracheostomy tube. Size 6, 8 or 10 are typical sizes for neonatal and pediatric trach tubes.. Use a catheter with an outer diameter that is about half the inner diameter of the airway this will allow air to enter around it during suctioning. You can also compute the catheter size with this formula: Multiply the artificial airways diameter in millimeters by two. For example, 8 mm X 2 = 16, so a 16 sized catheter

SUCTION DEPTHS
Shallow Suctioning: Suction secretions at the opening of the trach tube that the child has coughed up. Pre-measured Suctioning: Suction the length of the trach tube. Suction depth varies depending on the size of the trach tube. The obturator can be used as a measuring guide. Deep Suctioning: Insert the catheter until resistance is felt. (Deep suctioning is usually not necessary. Be careful to avoid vigorous suctioning, as this may injure the lining of the airway).

COMPLICATIONS

Tracheobronchial trauma Atelectasis Pneumothorax Bacterial infection Hypoxia / hypoxemia Cardiac or respiratory arrest Pulmonary hemorrage / bleeding Cardiac dysrhythmias Pulmonary atelectasis Bronchoconstriction /bronchospasm Hypotension / hypertension Elevated ICP Interruption of mechanical ventilation

THING TO MONITOR IN PROCEDURE


Respiratory rate Colour Heart rate SaO2 (if already being monitored) Quantity, colour & viscosity of aspirate obtained If the childs condition deteriorates, stop procedure and appropriate resuscitation procedures must be initiated imidiately

CONTRA INDICATION
Suctioning is contraindicated when there is fresh bleeding. When indicated, there is no absolute contraindication to endotracheal suctioning because the decision to abstain from suctioning in order to avoid a possible adverse reaction may, in fact, be lethal.

NORMAL PULSE

Age Newborn 1 year 3 year 6 year 10 Year 14 Year Adult

Normal 100-170 80-170 80-130 75-120 70-110 60-110 60-100

Average 140 120 110 100 90 90 80

NORMAL RESTING REPIRATORY RATE


Age Newborn 1 year 3 Year 6 Year 14 Year Adult Normal 30-50 20-40 20-30 16-22 14-20 12-20 Average 40 30 25 19 17 18

adult oral axillary 70 + oral 1 year old oral 3 year old oral

- 98.6 97.6 - 96.8 99.7 - 99.0

NORMAL BP
Age Newborn Infant 3 Year 6 Year 10 Year 14 Year Adult Systolic 65-95 65-115 76-122 85-115 93-125 99-137 100-140 Diastolic 30-60 42-80 46-84 48-64 46-68 51-71 60-90 Average 80-60 90-61 99-65 100-56 109-58 118/61 120-80

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