BITS Pilani
Hyderabad Campus
Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad
Campus
Mechanics of Solids (ME F211)
Problem 1
The solid shaft shown in figure below has a radius of 12.5 mm and is made of steel having a yield stress MPa. Determine if the loadings
cause the shaft to fail according to the maximum-shear-stress theory (Tresca’s) and the maximum-distortion-energy theory (von Mises).
Sol:
The state of stress in the shaft is caused by both the axial force and the torque. Since maximum shear stress caused by the torque occurs in
the material at the outer surface henceforth,
= = = –132.42 MPa and τxy = = = 114.08 MPa
The stress components are shown acting on an element of material at point A in the figure below. Hence, obtaining the principle stresses
using stress-transformation equations i.e.
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Problem 1
√( )
2
i.e. – 132.42+ 0 – 132.42− 0
σ 1,2= ± +(114.08)2
2 2
Henceforth, σ1 = 65.69 MPa and σ2 = –198.11 MPa
Maximum-shear-stress theory: Since the principle stresses have opposite signs, then the absolute maximum shear stress will occur in the
plane i.e.
| σ1 – σ2 | ≤ i.e. | 65.69 – (–198.11) | ≤ 250 or, 263.81 > 250. Shear failure would occur as per this theory.
Maximum-distortion-energy theory:
σ 1 2 – σ 1 σ 2 + σ 22 ≤ σ Y 2 or, (65.69)2 – (65.69 × –198.11)2 + (–198.11)2 ≤ (250)2 i.e. 56.578 ≤ 62.5
Failure will not occur as per this theory
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Problem 2
A bolt is designed to take up direct tensile load of 30 kN and a shear load of 16 kN with a factor of safety of 4. The yield strength of the
material used is 400 MPa. Calculate the size of the bolt based on maximum-shear-stress (Tresca’s) theory and the maximum-distortion-
energy (von Mises) theory.
Sol.
Axial stress i.e. = = = MPa and shear stress τxy = = MPa
Hence the state of stress is: σx = σD = MPa ; σy = 0 ; τ = τxy = MPa
Hence, obtaining the principle stresses using stress-transformation equations i.e.
√( )( )
2 2
i.e. 38.20 × 10 3+0 38.20 × 10 3 − 0 20.37 × 10 3
𝜎 1,2 = ± +
2d 2 2d2 d2
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Problem 2
10 × 10 3 27.92 Henceforth
× 10 , 3
σ 1 = and σ2 =
±
d2
Maximum-shear-stress theory: | σ 1 – σ2 | ≤ i.e. – = hence, d = 23.63 mm
Maximum-distortion-energy theory: σ12 – σ1σ2 + σ22 ≤ (σY / n)2
= or, 100 = hence, d = 22.80 mm
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Tutorial Problems
1. The torque of 135 kN-m produces a maximum shear stress of 55 MPa in the 4.8
m long hollow shaft. Note that the inner diameter of the shaft is two-thirds of its
outer diameter D. Determine the outer diameter D. Use G = 83 GPa for steel.
2. The state of plane stress shown in Figure on right occurs at a critical point of a
steel machine component. As a result of several tensile tests, it has been found
that the tensile yield strength is σy = 250 MPa for the grade of steel used. Using
factor of safety as 2, determine whether the component would fail or not as per
the maximum-shearing stress criterion.
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Tutorial Problems
1. The torque of 135 kN-m produces a maximum shear stress of 55 MPa in the
4.8 m long hollow shaft. Note that the inner diameter of the shaft is two-thirds
of its outer diameter D. Find the angle of twist of the shaft. Use G = 83 GPa
for steel.
2. The state of plane stress shown in Figure on right occurs at a critical point of a
steel machine component. As a result of several tensile tests, it has been found
that the tensile yield strength is σy = 250 MPa for the grade of steel used.
Using factor of safety as 2, determine whether the component would fail or not
as per maximum-distortion-energy criterion.
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Tutorial Problems Solution
16
1. τmax =T 𝐷
i.e. 55 = hence, D = 250 mm
π ¿ ¿
2. We construct the Mohr circle for the given state of stress and find:
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Tutorial Problems Solution
1.
2.
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BITS Pilani
Hyderabad Campus
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