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ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENTS
NAME - AASTHA SHRIVASTAVA
CLASS - BSc 1st SEM (B11)
ENVIRONMENT CCE
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This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA-NC
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
This Photo by Unknown
Author is licensed under
ABOUT IT:
• An Environmental movement is a type of social movement that involves an array of individuals, groups
and coalitions that perceive a common interest in environmental protection and act to bring about
changes in environmental policies and practices.
• Environmental and ecological movements are among the important examples of the collective actions
of several social groups.
ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT IN INDIA
• Many environmental movements have emerged in india, especially after the 1970s. These movements
have grown out of a series of independent responses to local issues in different places at different times.
Some of the best known environmental movements in india have been briefly describesd below:
o THE SILENT VALLEY MOVEMENT
o CHIPKO MOVEMENT
o BISHNOI MOVEMENT
o APPIKO MOVEMENT
o NARMADA BACHAO MOVEMENT
o JUNGLE BACHAO ANDOLAN
THE SILENT VALLEY MOVEMENT
• The silent valley is located in the Palghat district of Kerala.
• It is surrounded by different hills of the state.
• The idea of a dam on the river Kunthipuzha in thus hill system was conceived by the British in 1929.
• The technical feasibility survey was carried out in 1958 and the project was sanctioned by the Planning
Commission of the Government of India in 1973.
• In 1978, themovement against the project from all corners was raised feom all sections of the
population.
• The movement was first initiated by the local people and was subsequently taken over by the Kerala
Sastra Sahitya Parishad (KSSP).
YEAR OF MOVEMENT - 1978
PLACE - KERALA
LEADERS - KERALA SASTRA SAHITYA PARISHAD AND LOCAL PEOPLE
AIM OF MOVEMENT - TO SAVE THE SILENT VALLEY AND ITS RICH BIODIVERSITY FROM THE HYDROELECTRIC DAM PROJECT
THAT HAD BEEN PROPOSED.
BISHNOI MOVEMENT
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
• This movement was led by Amrita Devi in which around 363 people sacrificed their lives for the
protection of their forests.
• This movement was the first of its kind to have developed the strategy of hugging or embracing the
trees for their protection spontaneously.
YEAR OF MOVEMENT - 1700S
PLACE - RAJASTHAN
LEADERS - AMRITA DEVI BISHNOI
AIM OF THE MOVEMENT - TO STOP THE DESTRUCTION OF THE VILLAGE’S SACRED TREES FOR BUILDING A NEW PALACE
FOR THE KING.
APPIKO MOVEMENT
• It is a movement inspired by the Chipko movement by the villagers of Western Ghats.
• In the Uttar Kannada region of Karnataka, the villagers of Western Ghats started the Appiko Chalewali movement during the month of
September-November 1983.
• Here, the destruction of forest was caused due to commercial felling of trees for timber extraction.
• Natural forest of the region were felled by the contractors, which resulted in soil erosion and drying up of perennial water resources.
• In the Saklani village in Sirsi,the forest dwellers were prevented from collecting usufructs like twigs and dried branches and non-timber forest
products for the purposes of fuelwood,fodder,honet etc. They were denied their customary rights to these products.
• In September 1983, women and youth of the region decided to launch a movement similar to Chipko, in South India.
• The agitation continued for 38 days, and this forced the state government to finally concede to their demands and withdraw the order for the
felling of trees.
YEAR OF MOVEMENT - 1983
PLACE - KARNATAKA
LEADERS - PANDURANGA HEGDE, VILLAGERS OF WESTERN GHATS , WOMEN AND YOUTH FROM SAKLANI AND SURROUNDING VILLAGES.
AIM OF THE MOVEMENT - TO STOP CUTTING TREES BY THE FELLERS AND THE CONTRACTORS OF THE FOREST DEPARTMENT. THE PEOPLE DEMANDED A BAN ON THE
FELLING OF GREEN TREES.
NARMADA BACHAO ANDOLAN
• Narmada is one of the major rivers of the Indian Peninsula. T
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• The scope of the Sardar Sarovar project, a terminal reservoir on Narmada in Gujrat in fact is the main
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YEAR OF MOVEMENT - 1985 CC BY-NC
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PLACE - GUJRAT, MADHYA PRADESH AND MAHARASTRA y
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LEADERS - MEDHA PATKAR AND OTHER ACTIVISTS n
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AIM OF MOVEMENT - TO QUESTION THE RATIONALE BEHIND THE DEVELOPMENTAL PROJECTS, ESPECIALLY DAM
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JUNGLE BACHAO ANDOLAN
• In the early 1980s, the Jungle Bachao Andolan took shape when the government proposed to replace
the natural Sal forest of Singhbhum District, Bihar (now Jharkhand), with commercial teak plantation.
• The movement is said to have originated in bihar and slowly spread to states like Jharkhand and
odishsa.
YEAR OF MOVEMENT - 1980
PLACE - JHARKHAND
LEADERS - TRIBAL PEOPLE OF THE VILLAGE
AIM OF MOVEMENT - TO PROTECT SAL FOREST OF SIGHBHUM DISTRICT
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