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Well Test Design
TP215136
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM RIAU
21/12/2021
Dr. Ir. Andri Luthfi L. Hakim, ST., MT.
Professionals and Practitioners In Oil And Gas Industry
Outline 2
Introduction
Types and Purposes of Well Test
General Test-Design
Well Test Design
Summary
Course material sources:
1. Pressure Transient Testing. -- Lee, J., Rollins, J.B., & Spivey, J. P. (2003).
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Introduction
Well Test Design 4
Recommend the appropriate well test to achieve:
The desired test objectives.
Estimating pretest formation properties.
Selecting the flow-rate schedule and sequences.
Define the test duration to reach stabilized flow conditions.
There are two general categories on well test:
Pressure transient test : designed to quantify reservoir rock and fluid properties, locate
and identify heterogeneities.
Deliverability test : designed to evaluate a well’s production potential.
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Types and Purposes of Well Test
Pressure Transient Test 6
Measurement of pressure changes versus time.
These tests allow us to evaluate not only near-wellbore conditions but also the in-situ
reservoir properties.
Consist of:
1. Single-well Test : One well, pressure response is measured following a rate change.
PBU Test
Drawdown or Flow Test
Falloff Test
2. Multi-well Test : Minimum of two wells, pressure response is measured as a function of other well
performance.
Interference test
Pulse test
Deliverability Test 7
Flow test to measure the production capabilities of a well under specific reservoir
conditions.
Primarily used for gas wells but also applicable to oil well.
To get a proper analysis, stabilize flowing conditions is needed to obtain absolute open
flow potential (AOF) and PI/IPR.
Consist of:
1. Flow-after-flow Test
2. Single-Point
3. Isochronal Test
4. Modified Isochronal Test
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General Test-Design
General Test Design 9
Must Include:
General Consideration
Type and Status of Well
Reservoir Properties
Safety and Environmental Concerns
Test Design Procedure
Pre-test Estimates of Reservoir Properties
Permeability
Skin Factor
Flow Regime Prediction, Radius of Investigation
Gauge Selection
Test Design Simulation
General Consideration 10
Type and Status of Well
Reservoir Properties
Safety and Environmental Concerns
Test Design Procedure 11
Define Test Objectives
Estimate Reservoir Properties
Estimate Test Duration
Time to end of WBS
Time to reach desired flow regimes
Time to reach desired radius of investigation
Estimate Test Rate
Estimate Magnitude of Pressure Response
Simulate Anticipated Pressure Response
Select Gauges
Pre-test Estimates of Reservoir Properties 12
Permeability
Skin Factor
Local experience may suggest different rules of
thumb
Flow Regime Prediction, Radius of
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Investigation
Oil Well
Keep pressure above bubble point pressure to maintain single-phase flow
Gas Condensate Well
Keep pressure above dew point pressure to avoid liquid dropout
Gas Well
Minimum pressure will be determined by line pressure or separator pressure
Operators often want to flow exploration wells at maximum possible rate to attract investors
Rate cannot be sustained
Pressure may fall below bubble point pressure, causing multiphase flow
Pressure transient testing purposes
Constant rate preferred;
Slowly changing rate OK, but keep good records!
Do NOT change choke size in attempt to maintain a constant rate!
If at all possible, conduct transient testing before flowing at maximum rate
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Pressure Measurement Options 15
Memory gauges
Surface readout
Permanent gauges
Surface pressure measurement
Gas wells with moderate permeability
No liquids in wellbore
Electronic flow measurement (EFM), SCADA
Acoustic fluid level measurement
Allows testing wells on rod-pump
Measurement of both pressure and after flow rate
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Well Test Design
Test Objective 17
So what are the objectives?
permeability and flow capacity
reservoir pressure
reservoir size and continuity
fluid sampling
So what are the purposes?
Pressure transient test The same basic objectives are applicable to most
Deliverability test other well testing scenarios but may be adjusted as
needed for specific requirements. As with test
interpretation, test design often requires an
iterative approach before reaching the final design.
Workflow of Testing Scenarios 18
The scenarios may be differ widely in their objectives, in
the amount of data available, in the expense of
designing and conducting a test, and the investment
decisions to be made depending on the test results.
In some scenarios, testing is a primary focus of the
activity; in some scenarios, testing may be conducted on
a routine basis; in yet other scenarios testing is conducted
as needed to diagnose a specific problem.
Possible scenarios based on well type:
• Exploration and Appraisal Wells
• Development Well
• Producing Well
Applied Well Test Interpretation (John P. Spivey and W. John Lee, 2013)
Reservoir Information 19
Well prognosis
Well Test
Reference well reservoir properties Candidate
Geological modeling
Offset well log analyses and production
performances
Summary 20
The primary purpose of pressure transient test is to provide estimates of formation
properties such as permeability and skin factor.
The common types of single-well test are buildup test dan flow test.
Buildup test are often used to estimate average drainage-area pressure.
Flow test may be used to estimate reservoir pore volume.
Multiple well tests are designed to estimate reservoir properties between two
wells and to verify continuity.
Class Project
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Well test Analysis and Interpretation
Project B Field
The B well is located in between two producing well. This well is producing
naturally with water drive mechanism.
Reservoir type : Sandstone reservoir with
Water Drive Mechanism Unit
Hole size = 7 in.
Initial pressure = 1760 psi
Total well depth = 1650 M
Reservoir depth = 1400 M
Ø= 20 %
h= 2 M
rw = 0.33 ft
ct = 16 x 10^-6 psi^-1
cwb = 17 x 10^-6 psi^-1
Tres = 222 F
Analysis the well test data to determine the reservoir properties based on the
above map and properties.
Class Project
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Well Test Design
Project T Field
The T well is located in an anticline structure bounded by a fault. in the southern
part of this well there is another well that produces from the same reservoir with
reservoir characteristics as follows:
Reservoir type : Clastic reservoir with strong water drive Unit
Hole size = 7 in.
Initial pressure = 2122 psi
Total well depth = 1700 M
Reservoir depth = 1608 M
Ø= 22 %
k= 150 mD
Southern Well h= 3 M
rw = 0.33 ft
ct = 16 x 10^-6 psi^-1
cwb = 17 x 10^-6 psi^-1
Q= 650 bbl/day
FBHP = 1200 psi
Tres = 278 F
Vwb = 15 bbl
Determine how long it will take to determine the reservoir properties until it
reaches the fault and the southern well.
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That’s all folks
Thank You
Terima Kasih
