IATA Dangerous

Goods Regulations
Training

v19.1
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 IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations
The purpose of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (the Regulations) is to
provide procedures for shippers and operators in order to safely transport dangerous
goods aircraft.
• The Regulations are updated annually
 The current version is the 63rd edition
 In effect January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022
 [Link]
 IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations
 Section 1- Applicability

 Section 2 – Limitations

 Section 3 – Classification

 Section 4 – Identification

 Section 5 – Packing

 Section 6 – Packaging Specifications and Performance Tests

 Section 7 – Marking and Labeling

 Section 8 – Documentation
 APPLICABILITY
Section 1 - Applicability
Dangerous goods are articles or substances capable of posing a hazard to
health, safety, property or the environment.
• Meets the criteria of at least one of nine hazard classes
 May meet the criteria of multiple classes
• Must be identified for transportation by an entry in the List of
Dangerous Goods
 APPLICABILITY
1.1 Basis of the Regulations
• UN Subcommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods
(SCoETDG)- develops recommended procedures for the transport of all types
of dangerous goods other than radioactive materials.

• International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)- develops recommended

procedures for the safe transport of radioactive materials.

• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)- uses the SCoETDG

recommendations as the basis for developing the regulations for the safe
transport of dangerous goods by air, which they then publish in their Technical
Instructions for the Safe Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air
(Technical Instructions).

• International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods

Regulations contain all the Technical Instructions requirements plus
additional more restrictive requirements that reflect industry standard
practices.
 APPLICABILITY
2. Application of the Regulations
IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations apply to:
• All airlines that are members or associate members of IATA (currently over
240 airlines from 118 countries)
• All airlines that are party to the IATA Multilateral Interline Traffic
Agreement – Cargo
• All shippers and agents that offer consignments of
dangerous
goods to these operators
 APPLICABILITY
Appendixes A and B
• Commonly used definitions can be found in Appendix A of the Regulations.
• Units of measure, symbols and abbreviations can be found in Appendix B.

Symbol Meaning
□ Addition of a new item
𝗈 Change to an item
⊗ Cancellation of an item
☞ Indicates a more restrictive requirements than ICAO
 Indicates the item relates entirely to Radioactive shipments
† Additional information can be found in Appendix A
 Technical or chemical group name required
 APPLICABILITY
Key Terms
Exceptions – provisions within the regulations which exclude a specific item of
dangerous good from the requirements that normally apply to that item
Freight forwarder – a person or organization who offers the service of
arranging the transport of cargo
Limitations – restrictions placed on shipments
Net quantity – the volume or weight of the substance or article described by the
proper shipping name without its packagings
Operator – the person, organization, or enterprise engaged in or offering to
engage in an aircraft operation; often referred to as the carrier
Shipper – one who offers goods for transport by any form of conveyance;
coordinates the pre-transportation functions related to the transport of Dangerous
Goods in Commerce. Functions include but are not limited to
packaging, marking, labeling and preparing Dangerous Goods Declarations
State – the country of origin, of transit, or of destination
 APPLICABILITY
General Transport Requirements
No person may offer or accept dangerous goods for air transport unless those goods
are properly classified, documented, certified, described, packaged, marked, labeled
and in the condition for shipment required by the Regulations.
• Additional national or surface transport regulations may apply to
transporting the dangerous goods packages to or from the airport
 APPLICABILITY
1.3 Shippers Responsibilities
• In the Regulations the words “shall” and “must” indicate a mandatory
requirement. The words “should” and “may” indicate the preferred method
• The shipper must comply fully with the IATA regulations when offering
dangerous goods for transport by air, and must also comply with all the
regulations required by the States of origin, transit and destination.
• Before a package or overpack is offered for transport, the shipper must
ensure:
 The articles or substances are not prohibited for transport by air
 The shipment is properly identified, classified, packed, marked, labeled,
documented and in the condition for transport in accordance with the
Regulations
 All relevant persons involved in the preparation were trained in order to
properly carry out their responsibilities
 APPLICABILITY
Shippers Responsibilities (cont.)
The shipper is responsible for ensuring that dangerous goods are packaged in
compliance with the regulations; included are:
• Inner packaging and the maximum quantity per package limits
• Appropriate types of packaging according to the packing instructions
• Other applicable packing instruction requirements, such as:
 Single packagings may be forbidden
 Only the indicated inner and outer packagings are permitted
 Intermediate packaging may be required
 Higher performance level packaging may be required
• Appropriate inner and outer packaging closure procedures
• Absorbent materials requirements when applicable
• Compatibility requirements as specified
• Pressure differential requirement for packaging liquids
 APPLICABILITY
5. Training Requirements
For shippers to successfully apply the regulations they need knowledge of the risks involved
and a detailed understanding of the Regulations. Initial and recurrent training programs are
required in order to achieve this objective.
• Training must be recurrent and provided every 24 months. If recurrent training is completed
within 3 months of the expiration date, the 24 months expiration date of the previous training
may begin the new 24 month certification period.
• A test must be provided and confirmation of successful completion of the test is required.
Training must be completed by:

• Operators • Freight forwarders

• Ground handling agencies which • Agencies which engage in the
accept, handle, load/unload, transfer or security screening of passengers,
process cargo, mail or stores baggage, and cargo, mail or stores
• Ground handling agencies which • Shippers and packers of
process passengers dangerous goods
• Agencies not located at the airport • Designated postal operators
which check in passengers
 APPLICABILITY
Training Requirements (cont.)
Training must include:
• General familiarization- provides familiarity with the general provisions of the
regulations
• Function specific- focuses on the functions that directly apply to an individual’s
responsibilities
• Safety training- must cover the hazards, safe handling, and emergency
response procedures associated with dangerous goods in the workplace
Training records must be maintained and retained for minimum of
36 months from most recent training and include:
• The individual’s name
• The most recent training completion month
• A description, copy or reference to training materials
used
• The name and address of the trainer
• Evidence which shows a test was successfully
completed
 APPLICABILITY
7. Dangerous Goods Security
Training should include elements of security awareness which addresses the:
• Nature of security risks
• Recognition of security risks
• Methods to address and reduce such risks
• Actions to be taken in the event of a security breach
• Awareness of security plans, to the extent of individuals’ roles in the
security plans
Security training should be recurrent every 24 months and records should be
maintained for a time period established by the appropriate national authority.
 APPLICABILITY
Provisions for High Consequence Dangerous Goods
High consequence dangerous goods are those which have the potential for
misuse in a terrorist event and which may result in:
• Mass casualties
• Mass destruction
• Mass socio-economic disruption (particularly in the case of Class 7
radioactive materials)
 APPLICABILITY
Table 1.7.A - High Consequence Dangerous Goods

Class 1 Division 1.1

Class 1 Division 1.2
Class 1 Division 1.3 compatibility group C
Class 1 Division 1.4, UN0104, UN0237, UN0255, UN0267,
UN0289, UN0361, UN0365, UN0366, UN0440, UN0441,
UN0455, UN0456, UN0500
Class 1 Division 1.5
Class 2 Division 2.3 toxic gases (excluding aerosols)
Class 3 Desensitized explosives
Class 4 Division 4.1 desensitized explosives
Class 6 Division 6.1 substances of Packing Group I; except when
transported under the excepted quantity provisions
Class 6 Division 6.2 infectious substances of Category A (UN2814 and
UN2900)
 APPLICABILITY
[Link] Plan for High Consequence Dangerous
Goods
Shippers, operators, and others engaged in the transport of high consequence dangerous
goods should adopt, implement, and comply with a security plan that addresses at
minimum:
• Distribution of responsibilities for security to competent and qualified
personnel
• Records of dangerous goods or types of dangerous goods transported
• Review of current operations and assessments of vulnerabilities including
inter-modal transfers, temporary storage and handling and distribution
• Clear statements of measures including training policies, operating
procedures, equipment and resources used to reduce security risks
• Effective and up to date procedures for reporting and dealing with security
threats, breaches of security or security incidents
• Procedures for evaluating and testing the security plan and for periodic
reviews and updates
• Measures ensuring the security of transport information contained in the plan
• Measures ensuring the security plan is distributed to authorized personnel
 IATA Dangerous Goods

Regulations
Section 1 – Applicability

 Section 2 – Limitations

 Section 3 – Classification

 Section 4 – Identification

 Section 5 – Packing

 Section 6 – Packaging Specifications and Performance Tests

 Section 7 – Marking and Labeling

 Section 8 – Documentation
 LIMITATIONS
1. General
Limitations placed on dangerous goods can include:
• Forbidden on any aircraft
• Forbidden on a passenger carrying aircraft
• Inner container quantity
• Total package quantity
• How it is packed, marked, labeled, and documented
• States and operators restrictions, called variations
 LIMITATIONS
1. Forbidden Dangerous Goods
Under no circumstance can an article or substance be transported on an aircraft if
packaged in a manner that under normal conditions encountered during transport
it is likely to:
• Explode
• Dangerously react
• Produce a flame or dangerous evolution of heat
• Produce a dangerous emission of toxic, corrosive or flammable gases, or
vapors
The United States further restricts:
• Liquids with a vapor inhalation toxicity of Division 6.1 PG I
• Division 2.3 Gases
 LIMITATIONS
6. Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities
Exception – A provision in the regulations which excludes a specific type of
dangerous good from the requirements that normally apply to that type of good.
Excepted quantities – Small quantities of permitted dangerous goods that when
meeting the quantity limitations of the regulations are not subject to other provisions of
the regulations except for:
• Training requirements
• Dangerous goods in air mail
• Classification and packing group criteria
• Packaging requirements ([Link], [Link].1,[Link].2, [Link], [Link]
(except UN3082), and [Link](a))
• Loading restrictions
• Reporting of dangerous goods accidents, incidents, and occurrences
• Radioactive material in excepted packages requirements
• Definitions in Appendix A
 LIMITATIONS
Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities (cont.)
Only substances that meet the criteria of the following classes/divisions may be
transported under the provisions for Dangerous Goods in excepted quantities:
• Division 2.2 - without a subsidiary risk, excluding UN1043, UN1044,
UN1950, UN2037, UN2073, UN2857, UN3164, UN3500, UN3511
• Class 3 - all packing groups excluding those in PG I with a subsidiary risk
and UN1204, UN2059, UN3473
• Class 4 – PG II and PG III but excluding all self-reacting substances and
UN2555, UN2556, UN2557, UN2907, UN3292, UN3476
• Division 5.1 - PG II and PG III
• Division 5.2 but only when contained in a chemical kit, first aid kit or
polyester resin kit
• Division 6.1 - except those having inhalation toxicity of PG I
• Class 8, PG II and PG III but excluding UN1774, UN2794, UN2795,
UN2800, UN2803, UN2809, UN3028, UN3477 and UN3506
• Class 9, other than carbon dioxide, solid, genetically modified organisms and
genetically modified microorganisms
 LIMITATIONS
Table 2.6.A - Excepted Quantity Codes for Table 4.2
EQ Codes are found in column F of the 4.2 List of Dangerous Goods

Maximum net quantity per Maximum net quantity per

EQ Code
inner packaging outer packaging
E0 Not permitted as Excepted Quantities
E1 30 g/30 mL 1 kg/1 L
E2 30 g/30 mL 500 g/500 mL
E3 30 g/30 mL 300 g/300 mL
E4 1 g/1 mL 500 g/500 mL
E5 1g/1 mL 300 g/300 mL
 LIMITATIONS
6. Excepted Quantity Packages
A package containing excepted quantities of dangerous goods:
• Does not require a Shipper’s Declaration
• Must not contain other dangerous goods that require a Shipper’s
Declaration
• Must be capable of withstanding the 2.6.6 package drop test
• Must be of adequate size to apply all necessary markings
• Must display the Excepted Quantity Package Mark
• Can be placed in an Overpack that is permitted to also contain packages of
dangerous goods and/or goods not subject to the regulations

To: ABC Inc.

115 Elm Ave.

*
**
 LIMITATIONS
Excepted Quantity Packaging
All packaging materials must be compatible with the dangerous goods they
contain:
• Inner packaging must:
 Be constructed of plastic (≥ 0.2 mm), glass, porcelain, stoneware,
earthenware or metal
 Have closures securely held in place with wire, tape or another
positive means
 Be securely packed in intermediate packaging, then placed in
strong rigid outer packaging
• Intermediate packaging must:
 Be used to cushion inner packagings against leakage or breakage
 Include sufficient absorbent material to absorb entire liquid
contents
• Outer packaging must:
 Be of strong rigid materials that can sustain the normal rigors
associated with transportation
 LIMITATIONS
Excepted Quantity Package Mark
Excepted Quantity Mark must be:
• Durable and legible
• Minimum dimensions 100 mm X 100 mm
• Hatchings and symbol must be the same color,
either black or red, on a white or other
contrasting background
• * (the primary hazard class) *
• * * (the name of the shipper or consignee when **
not shown elsewhere on the package)

Note: OVERPACKS containing excepted quantities packages must include both the
excepted quantities mark and the word “Overpack” (12 mm high letters) when an
excepted quantities mark on the packages is not visible
 LIMITATIONS
2.7 Dangerous Goods in Limited Quantities
Many dangerous goods when in reasonably limited quantities present a reduced
hazard during transport and can be safely carried in good quality combination
packages that meet the construction requirements recommended for inner and outer
packagings but which have not been tested.
 LIMITATIONS
Dangerous Goods in Limited Quantities (cont.)
Only dangerous goods which are permitted on passenger aircraft and which
meet the following criteria are permitted to be shipped as limited quantities:
• Class 2 - UN1950 in Division 2.1 and 2.2, UN2037 in Division 2.1 and 2.2
without a subsidiary risk and UN3478 and UN347 fuel cell cartridges only
• Class 3 - PG II and PG III and UN3473 fuel cell cartridges
• Class 4 - Division 4.1 in PG II and PG III, but excluding self-reactive and
polymerizing substances
- Division 4.3 (solids only) in PG II and PG III and UN3476 fuel
cell cartridges containing water-reactive substances
• Class 5 - Division 5.1 PG II and PG III
- Division 5.2 only when contained in chemical kit or first aid kit
• Class 6 - Division 6.1 in PG II and PG III
• Class 8 - PG II and PG III, excluding UN2794, UN2795,
UN2803, UN2809, UN3028 and UN3506
• Class 9 - Only UN1941, UN1990, UN2071, UN3077, UN3082, UN3316,
UN3334, UN3335, and ID8000
 LIMITATIONS
Limited Quantities Packages
Limited quantities of dangerous goods:
• Require a Shippers Declaration
• May not be shipped in single packaging or composite packaging
• Do not require UN specification packaging
• Require good quality combination packaging capable of withstanding
 1.2 m drop test
 24 hour stacking test
• Must be packaged in accordance with the Limited Quantity Package
Instruction indicated in Column G of the List of Dangerous Goods
• Cannot exceed the net quantity per package specified in Column H of
the List of Dangerous Goods
• Cannot exceed 30 kg (66 pounds) gross package weight
• May be packaged with other dangerous goods or non-dangerous goods
provided the items do not react dangerously with each other
• Must display the Limited Quantities Package Mark
 LIMITATIONS
Limited Quantity Package Mark
Limited Quantities Mark must be:
• Minimum 100 mm X 100 mm square
 Set at 45° angle (diamond shape)
• The line forming the diamond must be black
and have a minimum width of 2 mm
• Top and bottom portions must be black
• Center area must be white or another equally
contrasting color
• The symbol “Y” must be in the center and
clearly visible

Note: Outer dimensions may be reduced to a minimum of 50 mm x 50 mm and

with the line forming the diamond not less than 1 mm, when the package size is
not adequate to accommodate the standard mark, provided the mark remains
proportional and is clearly visible
 LIMITATIONS
Limited Quantities Marks & Labels
Required marks and labels placed on outside of package are:
• UN or ID number
• Proper shipping name
• Full name and address of the shipper and consignee
• Net quantity and unit of measure (gross weight and unit of measure
when indicated in column H, followed by the letter “G”)
• Limited Quantities mark containing the “Y”
• Hazard Class labels
Marks and labels must be:
To: ABC Inc.
• Durable 115 Elm Ave.
Boston, MA 02110

• Legible From: XYZ Corp.

100 Penn Ave.
• In English Pittsburgh, PA
15123

• Clearly visible UN1950 Aerosols, flammable

10 kg G
 LIMITATIONS
8. State and Operator Variations
States and operators further restrict air transport of dangerous goods by
establishing variations to the IATA regulations.
• States variations
 Identified by a three-letter code plus variation number
 Two letters represent the country, followed by a “G”
 Two-digit number identifies the variation
 Listed alphabetically by country-code in section 2.8.2
Examples: United States - USG-01 Japan
- JPG-26
• Operators variations
 Identified by two character alpha-numeric or letter combination plus
variation number
 Two-digit number identifies the variation
 Listed alphabetically by operator code in section 2.8.3
Examples: FedEx - FX-01 United Parcel
Service - 5X-08
• An IATA regulation that is stricter than a variation must be followed
 IATA Dangerous Goods

Regulations
Section 1 – Applicability

 Section 2 – Limitations

 Section 3 – Classification

 Section 4 – Identification

 Section 5 – Packing

 Section 6 – Packaging Specifications and Performance Tests

 Section 7 – Marking and Labeling

 Section 8 – Documentation
 CLASSIFICATIO
1. N
Classifying Dangerous Goods
The shipper is responsible for correctly identifying and classifying all dangerous goods
including assigning the correct hazard class and applicable packing group.
• Dangerous goods are defined as those goods which meet the criteria of one or
more of the nine UN hazard classes and where applicable, to one of three UN
Packing Groups.
 Hazard classes relate to the type of hazard
 Packing groups relate to the degree of hazard
 Articles are no longer assigned packing groups
 CLASSIFICATIO
Packing GroupsN
and Performance Level Packaging
Substances are assigned to packing groups based on the degree of danger
they present for packing purposes
Packing Group Degree of Danger
I High Danger
II Medium Danger
III Low Danger

• UN Specification packaging must meet the performance level requirements of the

assigned packing group
 Performance level packaging for articles is specified in the packing
instruction assigned to the article

Performance Level Packing Group

X I
Y II
Z III
 CLASSIFICATIO
N
Class 1 - Explosives
Explosive articles and substances are assigned to one of six divisions and to
one of thirteen compatibility groups.

Division Hazard
1.1 Mass explosion hazard
1.2 Projectile but no mass explosion hazard
1.3 Fire hazard and either minor blast hazard or minor projection hazard or both,
but not mass explosion
1.4 Minor explosion hazard and largely confined to the package
1.5 Very insensitive explosives
1.6 Extremely insensitive articles with no mass explosion hazard

• Only Division 1.4, compatibility group S are permitted on a passenger aircraft.

1.4 compatibility groups B (except Articles, explosive, n.o.s., C (except
Propellant, solid), D, E, G and S are permitted on a cargo aircraft
• Some Division 1.3, compatibility group C and G substances and articles are
permitted to be transported on a cargo aircraft
 CLASSIFICATIO
Class 2 - Gases N
Class 2 comprises compressed gases, liquefied gases, dissolved gases,
refrigerated liquefied gases, mixtures of gases that contain vapors of
substances of other classes, articles charged with a gas, and aerosols.

Class 2 substances are assigned to one of three divisions:

• Division 2.1 – Flammable Gas
• Division 2.2 – Non flammable, Non-toxic Gas
• Division 2.3 – Toxic Gas
 CLASSIFICATIO
N Liquids
Class 3 - Flammable
Class 3 includes flammable liquids and liquid desensitized explosives
Class 3 comprises liquids, mixtures of liquids, liquids containing solids in
solution or in suspension which have a flash point of not more than 60° C
closed-cup (65.5° C open-cup test)
• Liquids offered for transport at or above their flashpoints are regulated
• Substances transported at elevated temperatures in a liquid state and which
give off a flammable vapor at temperatures encountered during transport are
regulated
• Liquids with a flash point exceeding 35° C which do not sustain
combustion are not regulated
• Class 3 packing group: determined by its flash point and boiling
point
Flash Point Initial Boiling
Packing Group
(closed cup) Point
I - ≤ 35°C
II < 23°C
>35°C
III ≥ 23°C but ≤ 60°C
 CLASSIFICATIO
N Solids
Class 4 - Flammable
Class 4 is assigned to three divisions:
• Division 4.1 – Flammable Solids
 Readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through
friction, self-reactive substances, or desensitized explosives
• Division 4.2 – Substances liable to spontaneous combustion
 Liable to spontaneous heating or to heating up when in contact
with air
• Division 4.3 – Substances which, in contact with water, emit
flammable gases (Dangerous when wet)
 By interaction with water are liable to become
spontaneously
flammable or give off dangerous quantities of flammable
gases
 CLASSIFICATIO
N Substances and Organic Peroxides
Class 5 - Oxidizing
Class 5 is divided into two divisions:
• Division 5.1 – Oxidizing substances
 Cause or contribute to the combustion of other materials by
providing oxygen
• Division 5.2 – Organic Peroxides
 Thermally unstable and have one or more of these properties:
 Be liable to explosive decomposition
 Burn rapidly
 Be sensitive to impact or friction
 React dangerously with other
substances
 Cause damage to the eyes
 CLASSIFICATIO
N Infectious Substances
Class 6 - Toxic and
Class 6 is divided into two divisions:
• Division 6.1 – Toxic Substances
 Substances liable to cause death, injury, or harm to human health if
swallowed, inhaled, or contacted by skin
 A Division 6.1 substance must be assigned a packing group
according to its degree of toxic hazard in transport
 To be classified a Division 6.1 Toxic Substance a substance must meet
at minimum the criteria for Packing Group III:
Packing Oral Toxicity LD50 Dermal Toxicity LD50 Inhalation Toxicity by
Group (mg/kg) (mg/kg) dust/mist LC50 (mg/L)
I ≤ 5.0 ≤ 50 ≤ .02
II > 5.0 but ≤ 50 > 50 but ≤ 200 > 0.2 but ≤ 2.0
III > 50 but ≤ 300 > 200 but ≤ 1,000 > 2.0 but ≤ 4.0

• Division 6.2 – Infectious Substances

 Substances known or reasonably expected to contain pathogens
 CLASSIFICATIO
N Material
Class 7 - Radioactive
Radioactive material means any material containing radionuclides where both the
activity concentration and the total activity in the consignment exceed the value
detailed in Section 10 of these regulations.
 CLASSIFICATIO
N
Class 8 - Corrosives
Substances which by chemical action, can cause severe damage when in contact
with living tissue, or if leaked while in transport will damage or destroy other goods.
• Assigned to packing groups based on the length of time of contact
necessary to produce full thickness destruction of human skin

Packing Exposure Observation

Effect
Group time Time
≤ 3 min
I ≤ 60 min Full thickness destruction of intact skin

> 3 min but

II ≤ 14 days Full thickness destruction of intact skin
≤ 60 min
> 60 min
III ≤ 14 days Full thickness destruction of intact skin
but ≤ 4 hrs
Corrosion rate on Steel/Aluminum
III ͞ ͞ > 6.25 mm a year at a test
temperature of 55°C
 Lithium Batteries
Class 9 - Miscellaneous substances & articles
Articles and substances, which during transport, present a danger not covered
by the other 8 hazard classes.
Class 9 includes (but not limited to):
• Environmentally hazardous substances
• Magnetized materials
• Lithium batteries
• Elevated temperature substances
• Consumer Commodities
 Materials packaged and distributed in a form intended or suitable
for retail sale for the purpose of personal care or household use
 May be reclassified as ID8000 and shipped with less restrictions
 CLASSIFICATIO
3.10 SubstancesN
with Multiple Hazards
When a substance or article is not listed by name in the List of Dangerous
Goods and has two hazards the primary hazard must be determined.
• The classes, divisions or types of hazard listed below always take
precedence over those included in Table 3.10.A:
 Classes 1, 2 and 7
 Divisions 5.2 and 6.2
 Division 4.1 - Self-reactive and related substances and solid
desensitized explosives
 Division 4.2 Pyrophoric substances
 Division 6.1 PG I inhalation toxicity (see 3.10.2 for exception)
 Class 3 - Liquid desensitized explosives
• When the two hazards fall within Classes 3, 4, and 8 or Divisions 5.1 and
6.1 the primary hazard can be determined by using Table 3.10.A -
Precedence of Hazards and Packing Groups table
• The most appropriate proper shipping name based on the substance’s
primary hazard must be selected from Table 4.1.A - List of Generic and
n.o.s. Proper Shipping Names
 CLASSIFICATIO
N
Table 3.10.A Precedence of Hazards (sample)
The class/division and packing group shown at the intersection of the row (1st
hazard) and the column (2nd hazard) is the primary hazard; the other class/division is
the secondary hazard.
• The most stringent packing group of the two hazards must be assigned
6.1 6.1 8 8 8 8 8 8
Class or Packing 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.3 5.1 5.1 5.1 6.1 6.1
(d) (o) (l) (s) (l) (s) (l) (s)
Division Group
II III I II III I II III I I II III I I II II III III

4.3, 4.3, 4.3, _ _ _ 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, _ 3, _ 3, _

3 I
I I I I I I I I I I

4.3, 4.3, 4.3, _ _ _ 3, 3, 3, 3, 8, _ 3, _ 3, _

3 II
I II II I I II II I II II
4.3, 4.3, 4.3, _ _ _ 6.1 6.1, 6.1, 3, 8, _ 8, _ 3, _
3 III
I II III I I II III** I II III
4.2, 4.2, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 5.1, 4.1, 4.1, 6.1 6.1, 4.1, 4.1, _ 8, _ 4.1, _ 4.1,
4.1 II
II II I II II I II II I I II II I II II

4.2, 4.2, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 5.1, 4.1, 4.1, 6.1 6.1, 6.1, 4.1, _ 8, _ 8, _ 4.1,
4.1 III
II III I II III I II III I I II III I II III

4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 5.1, 4.2, 4.2. 6.1, 6.1, 4.2. 4.2, 8, 8, 4.2, 4.2, 4.2, 4.2,
4.2 II
I II II I II II I I II II I I II II II II
4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 5.1, 5.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.1, 6.1, 4.2, 8, 8, 8, 8, 4.2, 4.2
4.2 III
I II III I II III I I II III I I II II III III

5.1, 4.3, 4.3, 6.1, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 4.3,
4.3 I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
 CLASSIFICATIO
NSamples for Further Testing
3.11 Transporting
When the hazard class of a substance is uncertain and the substance is being
transported for further testing, a tentative UN number, proper shipping name, and
hazard class must be assigned based on the shipper’s knowledge of the substance and
application of the Regulations.
• The most severe packing group for the proper shipping name must be
assigned
• The proper shipping name must include the word “sample”
• Technical names are not required when using an n.o.s. entry
Examples: Flammable liquid, n.o.s. sample
Gas sample, non-pressurized, flammable
 CLASSIFICATIO
N
Transporting Samples for Further Testing (cont.)
Samples of a substance must be transported according to the requirements that
apply to the assigned proper shipping name as long as the sample substance:
• Is not considered to be a substance forbidden for air transport
• Does not meet the criteria for:
 Explosives
 Infectious substance
 Radioactive material
• Is transported in a combination package with a net weight not
exceeding 2.5 kg per package
• Is not packed together with other goods
• Follows all additional shipping requirements when considered to be a self-
reactive substance or an organic peroxide
 IATA Dangerous Goods
 Regulations
Section 1 – Applicability

 Section 2 – Limitations

 Section 3 – Classification

 Section 4 – Identification

 Section 5 – Packing

 Section 6 – Packaging Specifications and Performance Tests

 Section 7 – Marking and Labeling

 Section 8 – Documentation
 IDENTIFICATIO
2. N
The List of Dangerous Goods
The most descriptive proper shipping name in the List of Dangerous Goods must
be assigned to substances and articles based on hazard class and test criteria.
• 4 types of entries (listed from most to least descriptive):
1. Single entries for well-defined substances or articles
Examples : Kerosene
Acetone
2. Generic entries for a well-defined group of substances or articles
Examples: Adhesive
Paint related material
3. Specific n.o.s. entries for a group of substances or articles of a
particular chemical or technical nature
Examples: Refrigerant gas, n.o.s.
Pesticide, liquid, toxic, n.o.s.
4. General n.o.s. entries for groups of substances or articles meeting the
criteria of one or more classes or divisions
Examples: Corrosive solid, n.o.s.
Toxic liquid, organic, n.o.s.
 IDENTIFICATIO
2. N Proper Shipping Names
Generic or n.o.s.
Specific n.o.s. entries vs. General n.o.s. entries
• Use the generic or n.o.s proper shipping name which most accurately
describes the article or substance
Example: Ethyl cyclohexane is a hydrocarbon with a flashpoint of 35°C,
with two possible entries in the List of Dangerous Goods
• Hydrocarbons, liquid, n.o.s. (specific n.o.s. entry)
•Flammable liquids, n.o.s. (general n.o.s. entry) Hydrocarbons,
liquid, n.o.s. more accurately describes the substance
• Proper shipping names designated with “” in column B of the List of
Dangerous Goods must be supplemented with the technical or chemical group
name in ( ) immediately following the proper shipping name
 IDENTIFICATIO
3. N Solutions
Mixtures and
When the predominant substance in a mixture or solution is identified by name in the
List of Dangerous Goods and is combined with one or more non- hazardous
substances and/or traces of other listed substances, the proper shipping name will be
that of the predominant substance followed by the word “mixture” or “solution”
unless:
• A mixture or solution name already exists in the List
• The List states that the proper shipping name applies only to the pure
substance
• The class/division, subsidiary risk, packing groups, or physical state of the
mixture or solution differs from the listed substance
Example: When Acetone is the predominant substance in a solution, the
solution can be classified as UN1090 Acetone Solution, 3, II as long as the:
• flashpoint is still below 23°C; and
• boiling point is still above 35°C; and
• physical state is still a liquid
 IDENTIFICATIO
N Goods
4.2 List of Dangerous
Cargo Aircraft
Passenger and Cargo Aircraft Only
Class
or Ltd Qty
Div. EQ S.P.
UN/ Proper Shipping (Sub. Hazar P Se Pkg Max Pk Max Pkg Max Se ERG
ID Risk) d G e Net g Net Net e Code
No Name/Descriptio Label 2.6 Inst Qty/Pk Ins Qty/Pk Inst Qty/Pk 4.4
n g t g g

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N

1230 Methanol 3 (6.1) Flamm. II E2 Y341 1L 352 1L 364 60 L A113 3L

liquid
& Toxic

The List of Dangerous Goods contains approximately 3000 articles and

substances.
• Listed alphabetically in section 4.2 (blue section) of the regulations
• UN & ID numerical cross reference index is located in section 4.3
 IDENTIFICATIO
N Goods
4.2 List of Dangerous
Cargo Aircraft
Passenger and Cargo Aircraft Only
Class
or Div. Ltd Qty
EQ S.P.
UN/ Proper Shipping (Sub. Hazard P See Pkg Max Net Pkg Max Net Pkg Max Net See ERG
ID No Name/Description Risk) Label G 2.6 Inst 4.4 Code
Inst Qty/Pkg Qty/Pkg Inst Qty/Pkg

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N
1230 Methanol 3 (6.1) Flamm. II E2 Y341 1L 352 1L 364 60 L A113 3L
liquid
& Toxic

Column A – UN or ID number
Column B Proper Shipping Name/Description
– • Proper shipping name is in bold type, description is in
light type
• These symbols can be found by some entries:
† Additional information can be found in Appendix
A
 Technical or chemical group name required
 IDENTIFICATIO
N Goods
4.2 List of Dangerous
Cargo Aircraft
Passenger and Cargo Aircraft Only
Class
or Div.
Ltd Qty
(Sub. EQ S.P.
Risk) See Pkg See
UN/ Proper Shipping Hazard P Pkg Max Net Max Net Pkg Max Net ERG
ID No Name/Description Label 2.6 4.4 Code
G Inst Qty/Pkg Inst Qty/Pkg Inst Qty/Pkg

Forbidden
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N

1230 Methanol 3 (6.1) Flamm. II E2 Y341 1L 352 1L 364 60 L A113 3L

liquid
& Toxic
Column C – Class or Division number / (Subsidiary risk)
Column D Hazard label(s) to be applied to the outside of the package
– Column Packing Group
E – Excepted Quantity code
Column F –
E2=30 ml per inner packaging
500 ml per outer packaging
 IDENTIFICATIO
N Goods
4.2 List of Dangerous
Cargo Aircraft
Passenger and Cargo Aircraft Only
Class
or Ltd Qty
Div. EQ S.P.
UN/ Proper Shipping (Sub. Hazar P See Pkg Max Pkg Max Pkg Max Se ERG
ID Risk) d G 2.6 Net Net Net e Code
No Name/Descriptio Label Inst Qty/Pk Inst Qty/Pk Inst Qty/Pk 4.4
n g g g

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N

1230 Methanol 3 (6.1) Flamm. II E2 Y341 1L 352 1L 364 60 L A113 3L

liquid
Column G – Packing instruction for shipping as Limited Quantity
& Toxic

• Entries showing “Forbidden” cannot be shipped as Limited

Quantity
Column H – Maximum net quantity per package allowed on a Passenger and
Cargo aircraft under Limited Quantity
• When the letter “G” appears in column H the gross weight
is required
Net quantity: Weight or volume of the dangerous goods contained a package
Gross weight: Total weight of the package as presented for transportation
 IDENTIFICATIO
N Goods
4.2 List of Dangerous
Cargo Aircraft
Passenger and Cargo Aircraft
Only
Class
or Ltd Qty
EQ S.P.
UN/ Proper Div. Hazar P Se Pk Max Pk Max Pk Max Se ERG
ID Shipping (Sub. d e g Net g Net g Net e Code
No Name/Descript Risk) Label G 2. Ins Qty/Pk Ins Qty/Pk Ins Qty/Pk 4.4
ion 6 t g t g t g

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N
1230 Column
Methanol I– Packing Instruction
3 (6.1) Flam II for shipping
E2 Y341 1 Lby Passenger
352 1 L and364
Cargo60aircraft
L A113 3L
(located in Section 5)
m.
liquid
Column J – Maximum & net quantity per package allowed on a Passenger
Toxic
and Cargo aircraft
Column K – Packing Instruction for shipping by Cargo Aircraft Only Maximum
Column L net quantity per package allowed on a Cargo Aircraft Only
–
 IDENTIFICATIO
N Goods
4.2 List of Dangerous
Cargo Aircraft
Passenger and Cargo Aircraft
Only
Class
or Ltd Qty
EQ S.P.
UN/ Proper Div. Hazar P Se Pk Max Pk Max Pk Max Se ERG
ID Shipping (Sub. d G e g Net g Net g Net e Code
No Name/Descript Risk) Label 2.6 Ins Qty/Pk Ins Qty/Pk Ins Qty/Pk 4.4
ion t g t g t g

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N
1230 Methanol 3 (6.1) Flam II E2 Y341 1L 352 1L 364 60 L A113 3L
m.
liquid
&
Column M – Lists special
Toxic provisions that
may apply. Special provisions are
found in Section 4.4 (following the List of Dangerous Goods)
Column N – Emergency Response Drill Code – provided for operators
 IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations
 Section 1 – Applicability

 Section 2 – Limitations

 Section 3 – Classification

 Section 4 – Identification

 Section 5 – Packing

 Section 6 – Packaging Specifications and Performance Tests

 Section 7 – Marking and Labeling

 Section 8 – Documentation
 PACKING
1. Shipper’s Responsibility
The shipper is responsible for all aspects of packing dangerous goods
according to the IATA regulations:
• Must comply with the set of the packing requirements associated with the
type of packaging being used
• Use only the packagings permitted by the packing instructions
• Be sure not to exceed the appropriate quantity limits
• Assemble and secure all components of the package exactly as
intended
• Ensure external surfaces are free of contamination
 PACKING
5.0.2 General Packing Requirements
• For packing purposes, a substance is assigned to PG I, PG II, or PG III
according to the degree of danger presented by the substance
• Unless otherwise indicated, UN specification packages detailed in the
article’s or substance‘s packing instruction must be met
• Dangerous goods must be packed in good quality packagings which are strong
enough to withstand the normal conditions of transport including shock,
vibration and change in temperature, humidity, or pressure
 PACKING
Inner Packaging
Inner packaging must be packed, secured, and cushioned in an outer packaging to keep
the inner packaging from breaking and leaking their contents into the outer packaging.
• Inner packaging must be secured in its outer packaging with cushioning
material compatible with the contents
 PACKING
Change of Phase and Ullage
Change of Phase - Packaging used for solids which may become liquid at
temperatures encountered during air transport must be capable of containing that
substance in its liquid state.

Ullage – When filling packages with liquids, sufficient ullage (outage) must be left
to ensure that leakage will not occur as a result of expansion caused by temperature
or pressure changes likely to occur during transport.
 PACKING
Package Orientation
Combination packages containing liquid dangerous goods must:
• Be packed so the closures on the inner packagings are upward
• Be marked on two opposing sides of the outer packaging with
“Package Orientation” labels
 “This Side Up” or “This End Up” may also be displayed.
 PACKING
Orientation Arrows Not Required
Package Orientation labels are not required on the outer packagings of
combination packagings of dangerous goods when:
• Each inner packaging contains 120 ml or less and has sufficient
absorbent material between the inner and outer packagings to
completely absorb all liquid contents
• Dangerous goods in gas tight inner packagings, such as tubes, bags, or vials
that are opened by breaking or puncturing:
 Each 500 ml or less
• Infectious substances in primary receptacles:
 Each 50 mL or less
• Radioactive materials

X X
 PACKING
[Link] Different Dangerous Goods in one outer
packaging
An outer packaging may contain more than one item of dangerous goods or
other goods provided:
• Combination of goods do not cause combustion, evolution of heat or
flammable, toxic, or asphyxiant gases or the formation of corrosive or
unstable substances
• Goods do not require segregation according to Table 9.3.A
• Each inner packaging complies with the quantity limit and appropriate
packing instruction required for the substance
• The outer packaging is permitted by the packing instruction of each
dangerous good
• The package meets the specification performance
tests for the most restrictive packing group
• The quantities of different dangerous goods in one outer packaging must
be such that “Q” does not exceed the value of 1
 PACKING
Different Dangerous Goods in one outer packaging
The Q value must be calculated to determine the total quantity of dangerous
goods allowed in the outer package when the maximum allowable net
quantities of substances being packed together are different, and must be such that:
• The calculated Q value must not exceed 1.0, rounded to the first
decimal place
• n1, n2, and n3 represent the actual net quantities per package of
different dangerous good
• M1, M2, and M3 represent the maximum net quantities allowed per
package of different dangerous good according to the List of Dangerous
Goods

𝑛1 𝑛2 𝑛3
Q = 𝑀1 + 𝑀2 +
…….𝑀3
 PACKING
Different Dangerous Goods in one outer packaging
Example: A shipper wants to pack 1 liter of Benzene PG II and 2 kilograms of
Gallium PG III in one outer fibreboard box but the two substances have different
maximum net quantity per package limits. The “Q” value must be determined.
Benzene, Class 3, PG II Inner
packaging: 1.0 liter
Maximum net quantity (column
H): 5 liters per package
Gallium, Class 8, PG III
Inner packaging: 2.0 kilograms
Maximum net quantity (column
H): 20 kg per package 𝑛1 𝑛2
Q = +
Enter the data into the equation
Q to
𝑀1 𝑀2
= 51 + 202 = (204+
2 6
) = 20
calculate the Q value: 20
Q = 0.3
Substances whose Q value is 1 or less may be packed in the
same package
 PACKING
Overpack
An overpack is described as an enclosure used by a single shipper to contain one or
more packages and to form one handling unit for convenience of handling and
stowage.
• May contain both dangerous goods and non-regulated goods
 Must not contain a combination of goods that can react
dangerously with each other
• Each package in the overpack must be properly packaged, marked,
labeled and free of damage or leakage
• Must be properly marked and labeled when package marks and labels are
not visible outside the overpack

UN1789 Hydrochloric acid 3 L

UN1090 Acetone 2 L
From:
To:
 PACKING
Empty Packages
An empty packaging that once contained a dangerous good must be treated in the same
manner as when the packaging contained the dangerous good unless adequate
measures are taken to nullify all hazards.
• When transporting empty packages that have not been purged or
neutralized of the dangerous goods they contained they must be:
 Identified
 Marked
 Labeled UN1090 Acetone
Net: Residue

Shipper:

Consignee:

UN1H1/X1.8/300/09/USA/VL6
 PACKING
6. Format of Packing Instructions
Packing instructions are located in Section 5 (yellow section) of the regulations and
provides, where applicable:
• State and operator variation codes that apply to the packing instruction
• Tables that show acceptable combination packagings
 Types of inner and outer packagings
 Maximum quantity per inner packaging
 Maximum quantity per outer package
• Acceptable single packagings
• Additional packing requirements
 May impose a higher standard of packaging than normally applies to
the packing group
 May require specific packaging considerations
 PACKING
Packing Instruction Y341 – limited quantities
Y341 applies to flammable liquids with no subsidiary risk or a subsidiary risk of Division 6.1 PG II
Single packaging are not permitted
COMBINATION PACKAGINGS
Inner Packaging (see 6.1) Net quantity per inner packaging Total net quantity per package
Glass 0.5 L
Metal 0.5 L 1.0 L
Plastic 0.5 L

OUTER PACKAGINGS
Type Drums Jerricans Boxes
ply- other ply- recon. fibre- other
Desc. steel alum wood fibre plastic metal steel alum plastic steel alum wood wood wood board plastic metal

Compatibility requirements must be met.

Closure requirements must be met.
UN1230 Methanol 1.0
Limited quantity provisions must be met,
L
including:
To:
• The capability of the package to pass 1.2 m drop test
and 24 hour stacking test. From:
• Inner packagings must be capable of passing
pressure differential test ([Link]).
• Total package weight cannot exceed 30 kg.
 PACKING
Packing Instruction 352 - Passenger and cargo aircraft
352 applies to flammable liquids with Division 6.1 PG II as a subsidiary risk on a passenger aircraft
Single packaging are not permitted
COMBINATION PACKAGINGS
Inner Packaging Net quantity per inner packaging Total net quantity per package
Glass 1.0 L
Metal 1.0 L 1.0 L
Plastic 1.0 L

OUTER PACKAGINGS
Type Drums Jerricans Boxes
ply- other ply- recon. fibre- other
Desc. steel alum wood fibre plastic metal steel alum plastic steel alum wood wood wood board plastic metal
1A1 1B1 1H1 1N1 3A1 3B1 3H1 4C1 4H1
Spec. 1A2 1B2 1D 1G 1H2 1N2 3A2 3B2 3H2 4A 4B 4C2 4D 4F 4G 4H2 4N

UN1230 Methanol 1.0 L

To:
From:
 PACKING
Packing Instruction 364 - Cargo aircraft only
364 applies to flammable liquids with Division 6.1 PG II as a subsidiary risk on a Cargo Aircraft only
Combination and single packaging are permitted
COMBINATION PACKAGINGS
Inner Packaging (see 6.1) Net quantity per inner packaging Total net quantity per package
Glass 2.5 L
Metal 10.0 L 60.0 L
Plastic 5.0 L

OUTER PACKAGINGS
Type Drums Jerricans Boxes
ply- other ply- recon. fibre- other
Desc. steel alum wood fibre plastic metal steel alum plastic steel alum wood wood wood board plastic metal
1A1 1B1 1H1 1N1 3A1 3B1 3H1 4C1 4H1
Spec. 1A2 1B2 1D 1G 1H2 1N2 3A2 3B2 3H2 4A 4B 4C2 4D 4F 4G 4H2 4N

SINGLE PACKAGINGS UN1230

Methanol
Type Drums Jerricans Composites Cylinders 60.0 L
other as
Desc. steel alum plastic metal steel alum plastic plastic permitted To:
in From:
ALL
Spec. 1A1 1B1 1H1 1N1 3A1 3B1 3H1 [Link]

UN1H1/X1.8/300/09/USA/VL6
 IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations
 Section 1 – Applicability

 Section 2 – Limitations

 Section 3 – Classification

 Section 4 – Identification

 Section 5 – Packing
 Section 6 – Packaging Specifications and
Performance Tests
 Section 7 – Marking and Labeling

 Section 8 – Documentation
 PACKAGE SPECIFICATIONS
Packaging terms
Combination Packaging consists of one or more inner packagings secured in
an outer packaging
Composite Packaging consists of an outer packaging and an inner receptacle, that
once assembled forms an integrated single unit and is filled, stored, transported and
emptied as such
Inner Packaging is packaging for which an outer packaging is required
Outer Packaging is the outer protection of a composite or combination packaging
together with any absorbent materials, cushioning, or other components necessary to
contain and protect inner packagings or receptacles
Single Packaging does not require an inner packaging to contain its contents
 PACKAGE SPECIFICATIONS
3. UN Packaging Codes
UN specification codes describe outer and single packagings manufactured
and tested to standards developed for the type of packaging
• The 1st number indicates the kind of packaging:
1. Drum 4. Box
2. Reserved 5. Bag
3. Jerrican 6. Composite
Packaging
• The capital letter designates the type of material of the packaging:
A. Steel H. Plastic Material
B. Aluminum L. Textile
C. Natural wood M. Paper, multi walled
D. Plywood N. Metal
F. Reconstituted wood P. Glass, porcelain or stoneware
G. Fibreboard
 PACKAGE SPECIFICATIONS
6.0.4 Marking of UN Specification Packagings
The UN markings on a specification packaging certifies that the packaging was
tested successfully and complies with the UN performance standards
• UN Marking formats: 1A1/Y1.4/150/14NL/VL824
UN1A1/Y1.4/150/14NL/VL824
Year of
UN Packing Gross Solid Relative Test Manufac-
Packaging Code Manufac- State Completed Code
Symbol Group Weight or IP Density Pressure turer
ture

Fibreboard 4G/Y145/S/
4G Y 145 S 14 NL VL823
Box 14NL/VL823

Steel Drum
to contain
1A1/Y1.4/150/
1A1 Y 1.4 150 14 NL VL824
liquid 14NL/VL824

UN code’s 2nd sequence shows to what performance level packaging was tested
• Packing Groups are designated by a X, Y, or Z
X= Packing Group I (may also be used for Packing Group II and III)
Y= Packing Group II (may also be used for Packing Group III)
Z= Packing Group III (may only be used for Packing Group III)
 IATA Dangerous Goods

Regulations
Section 1 – Applicability

 Section 2 – Limitations

 Section 3 – Classification

 Section 4 – Identification

 Section 5 – Packing

 Section 6 – Packaging Specifications and Performance Tests

 Section 7 – Marking and Labeling

 Section 8 – Documentation
 MARKING AND
1. LABELING
Shipper’s General Responsibility
The shipper is responsible for all necessary marking and labeling of each package of
dangerous goods and each overpack containing dangerous goods in compliance with
the regulations.
• Packaging specification marks:
 Identify the design and specification of the packaging
 Normally applied by the packaging manufacturer (but are
ultimately the shipper’s responsibility)
• Marks related to shipments:
 Provide information about the contents, the provisions used to
prepare the shipment, the consignee and consignor, etc.
 Applied by the shipper
• Hazard labels
 Applied by the shipper
• Handling labels
 Applied by the shipper
 MARKING AND
1. LABELING
Shipper’s Responsibility
Before presenting a package or overpack to an operator the shipper must
ensure that his pre-transportation responsibilities are fulfilled.
• Check that marks already on the package meet the quality and
specification requirements of the regulations for the goods contained
within
• Remove or obliterate irrelevant marks and labels
• When required ensure that each outer or single packaging bears the
specification marks required by the regulations
• Ensure all required marks and labels applied correctly and securely
 MARKING AND
3. LABELING
Quality of Marks
All marks placed on a package or overpack must be:
• Printed on or affixed to the outside of the package or overpack
• Readily visible and legible
• Displayed on a background of contrasting color
• Durable
 Able to withstand open weather exposure without a substantial
reduction in effectiveness
• In English
 An additional language may be added when required by the State
of origin
 MARKING AND
4. LABELING
General Marking Requirements
Unless otherwise specified in the regulations, the outside of each package
containing dangerous goods must be marked with:
• Proper shipping name(s)
 Technical name(s) when required
• UN or ID number- minimum 12 mm high
 30 L capacity or less packagings- minimum 6 mm high
 30 kg maximum net weight or less packagings- minimum 6 mm high
 5 L/ 5 kg or less- appropriate size
• Net quantity and unit of measure of each dangerous goods
 Placed adjacent to its UN number and proper shipping name
 Gross weight and unit of measure followed by letter “G” - when
indicated in column H
• Full names and addresses of the shipper and consignee (located near
proper shipping name)
 MARKING AND
AdditionalLABELING
Marks
Environmentally Hazardous Substance Mark
• Required for UN3077 and UN3082 substances
• Special provision A197 permits UN3077 and UN3082
substances to ship as “not restricted” when properly
packaged and when:
 5 L or less for liquids
 5 kg or less for solids
Limited Quantities
• Required on packages shipped under the limited
quantity provisions
Package Orientation
• Required for packages containing liquid dangerous
goods
• Must be placed on two opposing sides
• May also be marked with “This End (or Side) Up”
 MARKING AND
2. LABELING
Quality of Labels
Each label affixed to a package must be sufficiently durable, including the
printing and adhesives, to withstand normal transport conditions including open
weather exposure without substantial reduction in effectiveness.
• Labels:
 Must be legible and readily visible and not obscured by any part of the
package or other labels
 Must be printed or affixed on background of contrasting color
 Must be located on the same surface and near the proper
shipping name whenever possible
 May not be folded in such a manner that part of the label is on a
different surface of the package
 MARKING AND
3. LABELING
Label Specifications
All labels must conform in shape, color, format, symbol, and text to the
specimen designs in Subsections 7.3 and 7.4 of the IATA Regulations:
• Must be in the form of a square set at a 45º angle
• Minimum dimensions must be 100 mm x 100 mm
 Exceptions provided in [Link].1
• The inner border must be a solid line placed parallel to and
approximately 5 mm inside the outside edge of the label
• The inner border line on the upper half and the symbol must be the same
color
• The inner border line on the lower half must be the same color as the class
or division number
 MARKING AND
LABELING
7.2.4 Handling Labels
Handling Labels provide visual insight into potential hazards:
 MARKING AND
Overpack LABELING
Marks and Labels
When the marks and labels representative of the hazards contained in an overpack
are not clearly visible from outside the overpack, one of each unique package marks
and labels, must be affixed to the outside of the overpack along with the word
“overpack”.
• Must be clearly visible on the outside of an overpack:
 Proper shipping names
 UN and ID numbers
 Full name and address of the shipper and consignee
 Net quantities or gross weight per UN number/ID number
 Additional markings
 Hazard class /division labels
 Handling labels
 The word “Overpack” (12 mm high letters)
 IATA Dangerous Goods

Regulations
Section 1 – Applicability

 Section 2 – Limitations

 Section 3 – Classification

 Section 4 – Identification

 Section 5 – Packing

 Section 6 – Packaging Specifications and Performance Tests

 Section 7 – Marking and Labeling

 Section 8 – Documentation
 DOCUMENTATIO
1. N
Required Documentation
A “Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods” is required for all consignments of
dangerous goods with the exception of:
• UN3164, Articles, pressurized hydraulic or Articles pressurized
pneumatic (PI 208(a))
• UN3373, Biological substance, Category B (PI 650)
• UN1845, Carbon dioxide, solid (Dry Ice) when used as a refrigerant
for
other than dangerous goods (PI 954(c))
• Dangerous goods in excepted quantities
• UN3245, Genetically modified organisms and Genetically modified
microorganisms (PI 959)
• Lithium ion and Lithium Metal Batteries which meet the requirements of
Section II (PI 965-PI 970)
• UN2807, Magnetized materials (PI 953)
• Radioactive materials, excepted package (10.5.8)
 DOCUMENTATIO
N
Signature and Certification Statement
A Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods must be signed and dated by the
shipper or designated representative.
• A typewritten signature is not permitted
• A designated representative can be a consolidator, freight forwarder and
IATA cargo agents, employed by the shipper to act on their behalf to
undertake the shipper’s responsibilities.
The declaration must contain a declaration statement that ensures the
consignment is acceptable for transport and has been properly prepared in
accordance with the regulations. The statement must read:
• “I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and
accurately described above by the proper shipping name, and are classified,
packaged, marked and labeled/placarded, and are in all respects in proper
conditions for transport according to the applicable international and national
governmental regulations. I declare that all of the applicable air transport
requirements have been met.” ([Link].1)
 DOCUMENTATIO
Alterations and N
Amendments
Alterations or amendments to a declaration form must be signed by the shipper with
the same signature used to sign the document.
• Acceptable alterations are:
 Air Waybill Number
 Airport of Departure
 Airport of Destination
• An entry inserted in different handwriting, printing or combination of
handwriting and printing is not considered to be an alteration.
 DOCUMENTATION
Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods

[shipper’s name and address] [1] [1]

[consignee’s name and address]

XXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX

UN
1230 Methanol 3 (6.1) II 3 Fibreboard boxes X 1 L 341
UN
1950 Aerosols, non-flammable 2.2
1 Fibreboard box X 7kg G Y203

Emergency Information
Provider 1-800-999-9999 (USA)
+1 123-456-7890
[Name
(International) Contract
[Date] Number: xxxxxx
[Signature]
 DOCUMENTATIO
N – Overpack / Same Outer Packaging
Shipper’s Declaration
• When an overpack is used “Overpack used” must immediately following the
group of relevant entries
• When two or more different dangerous goods are packed in the same outer
packaging:
 “All packed in one and description of packaging
type)” must immediately follow the relevant entries
 “Q” value rounded up to the first decimal place
NATURE AND QUANTITY OF DANGEROUS GOODS
Dangerous Goods Identification
UN or Class or Packing
Packing Quantity and type of packing Authorization
ID Proper Shipping Name Div. (Sub Instr.
No. risk) Group

UN1950 Aerosols, flammable 2.1 8 Fibreboard boxes X 25kg G Y203

UN Flammable liquid, n.o.s., 3 II 50 Fibreboard boxes x 355
1993 (petroleXXXXXXXum naphtha, 50 L. drums x 5 L
UN2924 Flammable liquid, corrosive, 3 (8) I III 2 Plastic
xylene) 354
XXX XXXXXXXXX
n.o.s. (Acetone, Glutaraldehyde) Overpack used

UN1263 Paints 3 III 1L Y344

UN1090 Acetone 3 II 0.7 L Y341

All packed in one
Fibreboard Box X 3
Q = 0.9
 DOCUMENTATIO
N
Shipper’s Declaration– Multiple Overpacks
• Each overpack entry of a consignment with multiple overpacks must include:
 A unique alpha-numeric identifier (any format) in association with the
words “Overpack used”
 Total quantity and unit of measure of dangerous goods in the overpack
• The alpha-numeric identifier and total quantity must be also be marked on
the overpacks and match those on the Shipper’s Declaration

NATURE AND QUANTITY OF DANGEROUS GOODS

Dangerous Goods Identification
UN or Class or Packing
Packing Quantity and type of packing Authorization
ID Proper Shipping Name Div. (Sub Instr.
No. risk) Group

UN1950 Aerosols, flammable 2.1 64 Fibreboard boxes X 70kgG 203

UN Flammable liquid, n.o.s., 3 II 50 Fibreboard
Overpack usedboxes
- OP1x 355
1993 (petroleXXXXXXXum naphtha, 50 L.
Total wt.=4,480 kg G
I
xylene) XXX XXXXXXXXX
UN2924 Flammable liquid, corrosive, 3 (8) III 4 Plastic drums x 4 L 354
n.o.s. (Acetone, Glutaraldehyde) Overpack used – OP2
Total net qty.= 16 L

UN1263 Paints 3 II 300 Fibreboard boxes x 5 L Y344

Overpacks used X 3
OP3, OP4, OP5
Total net qty.= 1,500 L
 DOCUMENTATIO
1. N
Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods
The shipper must retain a copy of the Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous
Goods (DGD) for a minimum of three months.
• U.S. requires 2 year retention
• Shippers must be able to reproduce electronic documents in printed form
upon request
When a paper document is used, the shipper must provide two copies of the
completed and signed form to the operator:
• One signed copy retained by the operator
• Second signed copy accompanies
the shipment to final destination
The declaration form may be printed on white
paper:
• Text:
 Black and red or red only
• Diagonal hatchings:
 Printed vertically in left and right
margins
 Red
 DOCUMENTATIO
Air Waybill N
An Air Waybill is a document issued by the operator which covers transport from
airport to airport.
• Serves as a receipt that the carrier accepted the shipment in good
order and condition and that the shipping instructions are acceptable
• Must include the following statements in the ”Handling Information” box
(when applicable) when a Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods is
required for the consignment:
 “Dangerous goods as per attached Shipper’s Declaration” or
“Dangerous goods as per attached DGD”
 “Cargo Aircraft Only” or “CAO”
• It is recommended “not restricted” be placed on Air Waybills when
goods are not regulated by IATA but packages bare Globally
Harmonized System for Classification and Labeling of Chemicals
(GHS) diamond-shaped pictograms
 IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations
Summary
Shippers and transporters play an important role in reducing the risks
associated with dangerous goods transported by air.
• Remain current on training
• Understand and apply the regulations
 Correctly identify and classify your goods
 Prepare packages according to the packing instruction
 Use only approved packaging
 Do not exceed quantity limits
 Communicate the hazards of the dangerous goods
 Marks
 Labels
 Documents
 Apply state and operator variations when relevant to your
shipment
Thank you!