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Coplanar Force System Analysis

This document discusses coplanar force systems and free body diagrams (FBD). It provides instructions on how to draw FBDs, including showing all external forces and identifying known and unknown values. The key equations of equilibrium for static systems are introduced as the sum of the forces in the x and y directions being equal to zero. Examples are presented to demonstrate how to set up and solve the equilibrium equations to find unknown forces using a methodical process of drawing FBDs and writing the associated scalar equations.

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M Jamshaid Tahiri
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33 views12 pages

Coplanar Force System Analysis

This document discusses coplanar force systems and free body diagrams (FBD). It provides instructions on how to draw FBDs, including showing all external forces and identifying known and unknown values. The key equations of equilibrium for static systems are introduced as the sum of the forces in the x and y directions being equal to zero. Examples are presented to demonstrate how to set up and solve the equilibrium equations to find unknown forces using a methodical process of drawing FBDs and writing the associated scalar equations.

Uploaded by

M Jamshaid Tahiri
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

COPLANAR FORCE SYSTEMS

(Section 3.3)

This is an example of a 2-D or


coplanar force system. If the
whole assembly is in
equilibrium, then particle A is
also in equilibrium.
To determine the tensions in
the cables for a given weight
of the engine, we need to
learn how to draw a free body
diagram and apply equations
of equilibrium.
Space Diagram
THE WHAT, WHY AND HOW OF A
FREE BODY DIAGRAM (FBD)

Free Body Diagrams are one of the most important things for
you to know how to draw and use.

What ? - It is a drawing that shows


all external forces acting on the
particle.

Why ? - It helps you write the


equations of equilibrium used to
solve for the unknowns (usually
forces or angles).
How ?
1. Imagine the particle to be isolated or cut free from its
surroundings.
2. Show all the forces that act on the particle.
Active forces: They want to move the particle.
Reactive forces: They tend to resist the motion.
3. Identify each force and show all known magnitudes
and directions. Show all unknown magnitudes and /
or directions as variables. Include a reference frame.

Note : Engine mass = 250 Kg FBD at A


EQUATIONS OF 2-D EQUILIBRIUM

Since particle A is in equilibrium, the


net force at A is zero.
So FAB + FAC + FAD = 0
A
or  F = 0
FBD at A

In general, for a particle in equilibrium,  F = 0 or


Fx i + Fy j = 0 = 0 i + 0 j (A vector equation)
Or, written in a scalar form,
Fx = 0 and  Fy = 0
These are two scalar equations of equilibrium. They can be
used to solve for up to two unknowns.
EXAMPLE

Note : Engine mass = 250 Kg FBD at A

Write the scalar EofE:


+   Fx = TB cos 30º – TD = 0
+  Fy = TB sin 30º – 2.452 kN = 0
Solving the second equation gives: TB = 4.90 kN
From the first equation, we get: TD = 4.25 kN
SPRINGS, CABLES, AND PULLEYS

Spring Force = spring constant * With a


deformation, or frictionless
F=k* S pulley, T1 = T2.
EXAMPLE
Given: Sack A weighs 20
lb. and geometry is
as shown.
Find: Forces in the
cables and weight
of sack B.
Plan:
1. Draw a FBD for Point E.
2. Apply EofE at Point E to
solve for the unknowns
(TEG & TEC).
3. Repeat this process at C.
EXAMPLE
(continued)

A FBD at E should look like the one


to the left. Note the assumed
directions for the two cable tensions.

The scalar E-of-E are:


+   Fx = TEG sin 30º – TEC cos 45º = 0
+   Fy = TEG cos 30º – TEC sin 45º – 20 lbs = 0
Solving these two simultaneous equations for the
two unknowns yields:
TEC = 38.6 lb
TEG = 54.6 lb
EXAMPLE (continued)

Now move on to ring C.


A FBD for C should look
like the one to the left.

The scalar E-of-E are:


   Fx = 38.64 cos 45 – (4/5) TCD = 0
   Fy = (3/5) TCD + 38.64 sin 45 – WB = 0

Solving the first equation and then the second yields


TCD = 34.2 lb and WB = 47.8 lb .
GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING
Given: The car is towed at
constant speed by the 600
lb force and the angle  is
25°.
Find: The forces in the ropes AB
and AC.

Plan:
1. Draw a FBD for point A.
2. Apply the E-of-E to solve for the
forces in ropes AB and AC.
GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING
(continued)
600 lb
FBD at point A
A
25° 30°

FAB FAC

Applying the scalar E-of-E at A, we get;


+  Fx = FAC cos 30° – FAB cos 25° = 0
+  Fy = -FAC sin 30° – FAB sin 25° + 600 = 0
Solving the above equations, we get;
FAB = 634 lb
FAC = 664 lb
End of Lecture

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