KLE Dr M S Sheshgiri
College of Engineering and Technology,
Udyambag, Belagavi – 590008
Department of Mechanical Engineering
(NBA Accredited)
Seminar Topic Presentation
by
ROHAN PATTAR
USN: 2KL19ME428
TOPIC: SUPERCHARGER AND
TURBOCHARGERS
Under the Guidance of
Prof. SANJEEV A JANAWADE
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION
2. CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
3. TYPES OF SUPERCHARGER AND TURBOCHARGER
4. COMPARISION BETWEEN SUPERCHARGER AND
TURBOCHARGER
5. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
6. CONCLUSION
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INTRODUCTION
The power output of an engine depends upon the amount of air
inducted per unit time.
Turbocharger and superchargers are type of forced induction
systems.
Turbocharger and a supercharger main objective is to suck more
fresh air into the engine.
As more air is sucked in the engine more explosion takes place
which will give more power.
We can a make a smaller engine in the car without losing power,
which will make the car lighter.
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Construction
SUPERCHARGER
• Here we can see a construction and working of a Roots
supercharger.
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Working of Supercharger
• The Roots supercharger is composed of two meshed, lobed
rotors. Geared together and rotating in opposite directions.
• The rotors move the air charge around an outside path in the
cavities between lobes and the interior wall.
• The volume in each cavity times the number of cavities is the
amount of air the Roots can move per revolution.
• The Roots has its niche in medium- to low-pressure
supercharging.
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TURBOCHARGERS
• Here we can see construction and working of a turbocharger.
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Working of Turbocharger
• A turbocharger is made up of two main
sections: the turbine and the compressor.
• The turbine consists of the turbine wheel and
the turbine housing.
• It is the job of the turbine housing to guide
the exhaust gas into the turbine wheel.
• The energy from the exhaust gas turns the
turbine wheel, and the gas then exits the
turbine housing through an exhaust outlet
area.
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• The compressor also consists of two parts:
the compressor wheel and the compressor housing.
• The compressor’s mode of action is opposite that of
the turbine. The compressor wheel is attached to the
turbine by a forged steel shaft.
• The turbine turns the compressor wheel, the high-
velocity spinning draws in air and compresses it.
• The compressor housing then converts the high-
velocity, low-pressure air stream into a high-pressure,
low-velocity air stream through a process called
diffusion.
• The compressed air is pushed into the engine, allowing
the engine to burn more fuel to produce more power.
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Types of supercharger and turbochargers
Supercharger Turbocharger
1. Roots. 5. Single-Turbo.
2. Sliding vane. 6. Twin-Turbo.
3. Lysholm-Twin screw. 7. Twin-Scroll Turbo.
4. Scroll type. 8. Variable Geometry
Turbo.
9. Variable Twin Scroll
Turbo.
[Link] Turbo.
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SUPERCHARGERS
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TURBOCHARGERS
SINGLE TURBO VARIABLE TWIN SCROLL TURBO ELECTRIC TURBO
TWIN TURBO TWIN SCROLL TURBO VARIABLE GEOMETRY TURBO
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Comparision between supercharger and turbocharger
• A turbocharger gets its energy from the expelled exhaust fumes. In
contrast, a supercharger draws its energy from the crankshaft of the
engine it is directly connected to.
• A turbocharger is not directly connected to an engine, whereas a
supercharger is directly connected to the engine by a belt, chain, or
shaft.
• While a turbocharger delivers a better boost at a high rpm, a
supercharger delivers a better boost at a lower rpm.
• Where a turbocharger needs an intercooler to lower the
temperature of the compressed air, a supercharger does not always
require an inter-cooler and depends on the type of supercharger.
• A turbocharger has smog-altering equipment that lowers carbon
emissions; however, a supercharger does not have a waste gate.
Therefore, the smog emission is high.
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Advantages and disadvantages
Turbocharger advantages
• Significant increase in horsepower.
• Power vs size: allows for smaller engine displacements
to produce much more power relative to their size.
• Better fuel economy
• Higher efficiency
Turbocharger disadvantages
• Turbo lag
• Boost threshold
• Power surge
• Oil requirement
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Advantages and disadvantages
Supercharger advantages
• Increased horsepower
• No lag : Power delivery is immediate because the
supercharger is driven by the engine’s crankshaft.
• Low RPM boost
• Price: cost effective way of increasing horsepower.
Supercharger disadvantages
• Less efficient
• Reliability
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Conclusion
• It is observed that the existing study on turbo and
super chargers shows positive influence of turbo and
super charger on IC engine power characteristic and
emission characteristic.
• The air fuel ratio is always constant. So there is scope
to vary the air fuel ratio and obtain the best suited air
fuel ratio and that can be optimized.
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THANK YOU
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