INFORMATION
LITERACY
PRESENTED BY:
JORYAN B. IBARRA
MIL TEACHER
Four ( 4 ) subtopics
a. The nature of Information Literacy
b. Access to information/Assessment of
Information
c. Organizing information
d. Ethical use of information
WHAT IS
INFORMATION ?
INFORMATION
It was derived from the Latin word “INFORMARE
“which means” to give form, shape or character to”
something.
Meaning it is responsible for integrating substance to everything
around us , for the purpose of adhering “ sense” to anything we
perceive; hence, it provides knowledge for people to consume.
Data that is
(1) accurate and timely,
(2) specific and organized for a purpose,
(3) presented within a context that gives it meaning and
relevance, and
(4) can lead to an increase in understanding and
decrease in uncertainty.
Borgman( 1999)
Mentioned in his book that INFORMATION
provides richness to reality. It is able to provide,
transform, and improve terminologies and labels.
INDICATORS OF
INFORMATION
LITERACY
INFORMATION LITERACY
According to Association For College and Research Libraries, AS
A SET OF ABILITIES REQUIRING INDIVIDUALS TO “
RECOGNIZE WHEN INFORMATION IS NEEDED AND HAVE THE
ABILITY TO LOCATE , EVALUATE, AND USE EFFECTIVELY
THE NEEDED INFORMATION”
INDICATORS OF
BEING
INFORMATION
LITERATE
DETERMINE THE EXTENT
OF INFORMATION- “
ACCESS THE NEEDED
INFORMATION EFFECTIVELY
AND EFFICIENTLY
EVALUATE INFORMATION
AND ITS SOURCES
CRITICALLY
INCORPORATE SELECTED
INFORMATION INTO ONE’S
KNOWLEDGE BASE
USE INFORMATION
EFFECTIVELY TO ACCOMPLISH
SPECIFIC PURPOSE
THE RIGHT TO
CHOOSE
In communication, ELIHU KATZ proposes a
theory called USES AND GRATIFICATIONS.
USES AND
GRATIFICATION
S that people who consume media
- This theory implies
have the right to choose whatever is convenient to
them.
- meaning, you should has the freedom to choose what
medium to use to gratify his needs.
WEBSITES TO ENSURE SAFETY OF
INFORMATION
.ORG- advocacy website, such as not profit organization
. COM- Business and commercial
. NET- site from a network organization
. EDU – site affiliated with a higher education institution
.GOV- federal government site
Bases in
assessing
information
FINDING THE PAGE
A researcher must always
consider the source of the
website.
Authority of the page
Always look for the name of
the author .
Accuracy and objectivity of the
information
Not all information found in the internet are
credible. Verify the authenticity. Bibliography
can do easily the trick.
functionality
The last indicators pertains the over all
condition of the website. Does it function
well? Is it searchable ?
- All questions must be affirmative to ensure
the safety of information.
HOW DO YOU ORGANIZE INFORMATION
TO AVOID INFORMATION OVERLOAD?
Daniel levitin
McGill University Psychology professor, the
greatest amount of information was added in the
last ten years, meaning there IS A FAST FLOW of
information dominating in the world.
How does someone deal with such number of information?
LEVITIN INTRODUCED SOME TIPS THAT MAY
HELP ON THIS PROBLEM…..
1. DO A BRAIN DUMP
It is important to identify that are in your mind. Levitin classified into
four, do it, delegate it, defer it, drop it.
Do it !
When one does it, these ideas are expected
to be urgently executed.
EXAM. IF A QUIZ TO BE SCHEDULED
THIS DAY BY THE TEACHER,
STUDENTS ARE EXPECTED TO DO
HIS/HER PRIORITY.
DELEGATE IT !
People are extend information
to others who are capable of
doing it.
DROP IT !
Ditch information that are not relevant.
Dropping other ideas that cannot contribute to any
of one’s plan.
2. Clump together similar task
This technique can help someone
save time.
3. DON’T MULTITASK
Switching task can make someone exhausted,
disoriented, and anxious. Hence this may result into lack of
focus.
4. “EAT THE FROG” IN THE MORNING
In order to avoid all distraction all day long, it is
better to choose the unpleasant things early in the
morning, “ important decision should be made at the
beginning of the day.”
5. Take breaks
It is normal to a man to grow weary. Information
overload likely occurs if one feels so tired of all
ideas he or she thinks.
6. Push down the authority
This techniques may apply to the superiors.
- Pushing down one’s authority may benefit him
- Hence, encouraging them to practice their fair
judgement.
CITATION
SOURCES
A writer decides that he wants to create an Internet website
to generate ad revenue. Instead of writing his own articles, he
visits twenty other websites that have articles on the topic in
which he is interested. He copies each of the articles, changes
the titles and the authors' names to his name and posts the
articles on his own website.
People have to be critical in assessing information
available to them; otherwise, consequences might strike
back on a certain parameters.
PLAGIARISM
- TO STEAL AND TO PASS OFF ( IDEAS OR
WORDS OF ANOTHER) AS ONE’S OWN
- TO USE ( ANOTHER PRODUCTION) WITHOUT
CREDITING THE SOURCE
.
- To commit literary theft
- To present new and original idea or
product derived from existing one.
PLAGIARISM OCCURS WHEN A WRITER
USES SOMEONE ELSE’S LANGUAGE,
IDEAS, OR THER ORIGINAL MATERIAL
WITHOUT ACKNOWLEDGING ITS
SOURCES.
Republic act No. 8293
The Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines
clearly states the rights of the authors to be recognized
TYPES OF
PLAGIARISM
DIRECT PLAGIARISM
Is a verbatim copying of any part of
your source material to your own
research paper, without including
quotation marks, it-text citation, and
bibliography.
SELF-PLAGIARISM
Is using your own previous work, or a combination of
the words you used in in your previous works, and
passing it to your instructor as new submission, without
the knowledge of all instructors involved and involved in
your previous current submissions.
MOSAIC PLAGIARISM
- It is also called “ patch writing”. THIS MEANS THAT THE
AUTHOR ATTEMPTS TO PARAPHRASE A SOURCE INTO
HIS/HER OWN PAPER BUT MAINTAINS THE ORIGINAL
SYNTAX OR SENTENCE STRUCTURE.
- SOME WORDS ARE REPLACED USING PLAGIARSM.
ACCIDENTAL
PLAGIARISM
As the name suggests, is done unintentionally. While there is
an attempt to paraphrase , summarize, and quote, in text-
citation and bibliography are still mainly forgotten.
FIVE STEPS (4)
TO AVOID
PLAGIARISM
ORIGINAL IDEAS AND
OPINIONS
PARAPHRASE
CITE YOUR SOURCES - MLA, and APA
According to Smith and West ( 2006),
“……………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………
……………………………………….” ( p.128)
QUOTATION
“This………………………………………………………
MARKS
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………… “ ( Ibarra, 2017, p.1)
OTHER WAYS……
AUTHOR –ORIENTED CITATION
Start by writing the surname of the author, followed by the year of
publication of the work enclosed in parenthesis and verb of statement.
Example:
Ibarra(2019) believes that
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………
TEXT –ORIENTED CITATION
You write the paragraph and sentence taken from source and end with surname
of the author and year of publication separated by comma.
Example:
Unless educators realize the importance of reading and writing across
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
( Ibarra, 2010).
ACTIVITY: ETHICAL USE OF INFORMATION
SOCIAL MEDIA USERS 2002
According to studies, 72 % of Internet users are actively
engaged on social media, 89 % of those are between 18 to 19
years old. It also important to note that 60% of these are range
from 50 to 60 years old and above.
Meanwhile, 43 % of them are those who are 65 years old
and up.