Personal Protective Equipment

Standard Training

Personal Protective Equipment 1

Safety Contact
PPE – Least effective way to control Hazards

Elimination of
HAZARD INDIVIDUAL Hazards

Removal of Individual
HAZARD INDIVIDUAL Exposure

Protection of the
HAZARD INDIVIDUAL Individual - PPE

PPE does not eliminate or reduce the hazard

Personal Protective Equipment

 Hierarchy of Hazard Control

PPE – Least effective way to control Hazards

Personal Protective Equipment

 Purpose

The purpose of this standard to ensure proper selection,

use and maintenance of personal protective equipment
to minimize the potential for personnel exposure to
safety, health & environment hazards.

Personal Protective Equipment

 General Requirements
The standard is intended for the Selection, Use and
Maintenance of PPE
•Safety, Health & Environment Hazard Evaluation and
Control
•Personal Protective Equipment Selection
•Training
•PPE Use
•PPE Maintenance, Storage and Cleaning
•Program Administration, Documentation and Evaluation
•Enforcement and Inspection, audit & review.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Management Responsibilities

• Line management across has the responsibility to

implement this standard.

• Employees, visitors and contractors are responsible for

using and caring for PPE as required by Company and
Site Procedures.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Line Management

Managers and supervisors who are in the line of

command of a primary function of their organization
or site such as the Site / Unit Head or President or the
Head of an operations.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Personal protective Equipment

Devices worn by the worker to protect against

hazards of the work or the environment. Respirators,
gloves, hearing protectors, work clothing, fire resistant
clothing, chemical protective clothing, welding
clothing, fall protection, safety glasses, safety shoes,
helmets are some examples of PPE.

Personal Protective Equipment

Personal protective Equipments

Personal Protective Equipment

Personal protective Equipment Selection Criteria

Selection of the right type of PPE requires

consideration of the following factors:

• Nature and severity of the hazard,

• Type of contaminant, its concentration and location of

contaminated area with respect to the source of
respirable air.

• Activity of workman and duration of work, 

Personal Protective Equipment

Personal protective Equipment Selection Criteria

• Comfort of workman when using PPE,

• Operating characteristics and limitations of PPE,

it should not lead to new hazards,

• Ease of maintenance,

• Conformity to Indian/International standards and

availability of test certificate.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Personal protective Equipment Selection Criteria

Body Part Protection

Head Helmets
Face Face Shields
Eye Safety glasses, goggles
Mouth & Nose Mask, BA Sets
Ears Earplugs, Earmuffs
Hands and Arms Gloves
Leg and Feet Safety Shoes
Bodies Vests, Belts, Jackets

Personal Protective Equipment

Head Protection
To protect from injuries caused by
Falling or Flying objects,
Impact,
Electrical shock,
by bumping the head against a fixed object.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Construction of a Safety Helmet
Shell
Anti Concussion
tapes

Sweat band
Suspension Lug
Head band
Brim
Rain Trough

Nape Strap Attachment Suspension

(adjustable) slots lug

Chin Strap
Adjustable

Personal Protective Equipment

 Face Protection

Wear face shields during activities such as, grinding,

welding, lancing and gunning and handling chemicals
and corrosive liquids, power chipping, removing or
installing ceiling panels and drilling above shoulder

height etc.,

Personal Protective Equipment

 Face Protection

Hazard type Examples of Hazard Common Related Tasks

Chipping, grinding, machining,
Flying objects such as large masonry work, wood working,
Impact chips, fragments, particles, sawing, drilling, chiselling,
sand, and dirt. powered fastening, riveting,
and sanding.

Optical Radiant energy, glare, and Welding, torch-cutting, brazing,

Radiation intense light soldering, and laser work.

Woodworking, buffing, and

Dust Harmful Dust.
general dusty conditions.

Splash, fumes, vapours, and Acid and chemical handling,

Chemicals irritating mists. degreasing,

Personal Protective Equipment

Face Protection

Personal Protective Equipment

 Eye Protection

When must Eye Protection be Provided?

When any of these hazards are present:
 Dust and other flying particles, such as metal chips
and fine dust
 During Gunning, Chipping and lancing
 Corrosive gases, vapors, and liquids
 Molten metal that may splash
 Potentially infectious materials such as hazardous
liquid chemicals that may splash
 Intense light from welding, cutting & grinding
Personal Protective Equipment
Eye Protection

Personal Protective Equipment

Eye Protection

Eye Washers/Showers

Personal Protective Equipment

 Respiratory Protection

Respiratory equipment must be worn in areas where

health hazards exist due to accumulations of dust,
fumes, mists, or vapors. Approved respirators shall
only be used for the purpose for which they were
originally intended and must not be modified in any
way. Respirator users shall comply with the IS
standards and manufacturers guidelines.

Personal Protective Equipment

Respiratory Protection

Personal Protective Equipment

 Ear Protection
When Must Hearing Protection be Provided?
After implementing engineering and work
practice controls
When an employee’s noise exposure exceeds an
8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) sound
level of 85 dB.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Ear Protection
Ear plugs or ear muffs protect the ears from noise by
reducing the amount of noise the ear receives.
Employees exposed to noise levels exceeding 85 dB, 8-
hour (TWA), shall wear hearing protection.

Earmuffs Earplugs Canal Caps

Personal Protective Equipment

 Hand Protection

About one-third of the injuries that occur involve hand and

arms. Such injuries occur when the workman has to handle
materials with sharp ends, hot metals, chemicals, corrosive
substances, electrical works, etc. Use of PPE for protection of
hands becomes essential for workers because of apparent
vulnerability of the fingers and hands.
The portion of hand exposed to the hazard shall be fully
covered with gloves that provide adequate protection against
the hazard

Personal Protective Equipment

 Hand Protection
When Must Hand Protection be Provided?
Protection against Hazard Typical Construction Activity
Heat, splashes or spatter of
Welding & Gas cutting.
molten metal

Material handling (Concrete blocks,

Abrasions reinforcement steel, bricks, scaffold materials,
cement bags, tiles and other similar materials).

Contact with Solvents Oils &

Handling or contact with solvents, oils & grease.
Grease
Handling or contact with acids, alkalis, dyes and
Contact with Chemicals
general chemicals.

Electric Shock Working with electric current carrying equipment.

Contact with paint Handling & application of paint

Personal Protective Equipment

 Gloves Recommendation Based on Physical Hazard.

Type of Gloves Suitable for Hazards

Knitted Cotton Gloves Dust, Dirt, Grip
Cotton Leather Gloves Cuts and Abrasions
Chrome Leather Gloves Welding and Gas cutting, Abrasions, Contact with
paint
PVC Gloves Chemicals, Solvents, Oil & Grease, Paint
Nitrile Gloves Chemicals, Solvents, Oil & Grease, Paint
Rubber Gloves Chemicals, Solvents, Oil & Grease, Paint
Rubber insulating Gloves Working on Electrical equipment
tested to appropriate voltage

Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Protection

Personal Protective Equipment

 Leg & Feet Protection

When Foot Protection be Provided?

 Heavy objects such as barrels or tools that might
roll onto or fall on employees’ feet

 Sharp objects such as nails or spikes that might

pierce ordinary shoes
 Molten metal that might splash on feet

 Hot or wet surfaces

 Slippery surfaces

Personal Protective Equipment

 Leg & Feet Protection
Possible Injury Recommended
Footwear
Impact Injuries Safety Shoes with steel toe

Compression Injuries Safety Shoes with steel toe

Electrical Shocks Shock-proof Safety Shoe

Protection from slush & concrete & PVC / Rubber Gum Boot and
prolonged exposure to water Ankle Shoe

Puncture Safety Shoe with steel mid sole

Slipping Footwear with anti skidding sole

Personal Protective Equipment

Leg & Feet Protection

Personal Protective Equipment

 Leg & Feet Protection

Safety shoes/boots with closed metal toes (or non-metallic

toes giving same protection as metal) shall be worn in areas
Foot protection shall be lace up and not elastic sided, it

shall be ankle boots for plant areas.

All persons entering in to site by driving motor vehicles or
bikes are required to use safety shoes while driving.

Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment
 Body Protection
When Body Protection be Provided?
Protection against Hazard Typical Construction Activity

Hot Metal Sparks & Splash Welding & Gas cutting

Acids & Alkalis Handling acids & alkalis.
Handling Petroleum related
Organic Solvents & Oils
products.
Flying chips, rough objects, Grinding, Woodworking, Shot
mild impacts Blasting, Sand Blasting
Radiography operations during
X – rays and gamma rays
non destructive testing.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Body Protection

 Provide protective clothing for parts of the body

exposed to possible injury
 Types of body protection:
Vests
Aprons
Jackets
Aluminum Jacket
Full body suits

Personal Protective Equipment

 Body Protection
Major Causes of Body Injuries

 Intense heat

 Splashes of hot metals and other hot liquids

 Impacts from tools, machinery, and materials

 Cuts

 Hazardous chemicals

 Radiation
Personal Protective Equipment
 Body Protection

Cooling Vest Full Body

Personal ProtectiveSuit
Equipment Sleeves and Apron
 Body Protection
Selection of body protection PPE’s
Material of Construction of the
Recommended for use against hazard
Protective Equipment
Aluminized fabric Hot Metal Sparks & Splash

Fire resistant cloth Hot Metal Sparks & Splash

Hot Metal Sparks & Splash, Flying
Leather
chips, rough objects, mild impacts
Natural Rubber Acids & Alkalis
Acids & Alkalis, Organic Solvents &
Plastic, Plastic Coated Fabric
Oils
Synthetic Rubber Organic Solvents & Oils
Lead Plastics or lead rubber or lead
X – rays and gamma rays
leather

Personal Protective Equipment 38

 Body Protection

Cooling Vest Full Body

Personal ProtectiveSuit
Equipment Sleeves and Apron
 Clothing
A minimum requirement for all male and female
persons working on sites includes the wearing of tight
clothing (No loose clothes are allowed).
Fluorescent Jackets
Following persons may wear the fluorescent jackets/strips while
performing work at site.  
•Signal man/ helper of all the vehicle and equipment.
•Electrician – suitable for the task ie high fault level work
requires specialised fabric to protect against arc - flash
•Horticultural Workers, Sweeper and
•Security guards
•All Employees who are entering in to the Project sites.
 
 

Personal Protective Equipment

 

Personal Protective Equipment

 Fire retarding clothing/flash protection
 
• Fire retarding clothing shall be worn by all persons working in an
area where a process malfunction, electrical flash, welding, cutting or
burning is likely to occur and expose them to burn hazards.
 
• For tasks or areas where fire retarding clothing is required, short
sleeves shall not be worn.
 
• Full flash protection shall be worn when performing all operations or
maintenance activities which are deemed likely to result in an
electrical flash from an arc of greater than 2,300 Volts. (Full flash
protection must conform to NFPA 70 E)

• Certain job classifications such as ………………. Require

specialised clothing

Personal Protective Equipment

Fire retarding clothing/flash protection

Personal Protective Equipment

 Electrical protection
 Where there are potential electrical hazards, electrical
protective equipment appropriate for the specific parts of
the body including electric safety shoes as applicable.
(Electrical protection must conform to EN 60903)
 

Personal Protective Equipment

 Chemical protective clothing
It protects the whole body except face, hands and feet
from chemicals and must be used while handling of
liquids that can splash and can damage skin. (PVC apron –
EN 14605, IS 4501 -1981, Tychem suit – EN 13982-1, IS
8519-1977)
 

Personal Protective Equipment

 Heat and cold stress protection
Proper protective equipment shall be provided to
protect against high and low temperature extremes.

  

Personal Protective Equipment

 Site Entry Procedure
All the Persons enter in to the plant premises should
follow the guidelines mentioned in the PPE standard.
Persons entering into the work location of individual
plant should wear the displayed mandatory PPE’s in those
respective locations.
Visitors/Suppliers/vendors entering into the work
location of individual plant should be provided with
mandatory PPE’s by the line Manager with the help of
DPAO.
Persons/ Visitors/Suppliers/vendors entering in to the
non work areas/official areas should wear minimum
mandatory PPE’s as mentioned in PPE Standard.
Personal Protective Equipment
 Work Procedure
All the work instructions/SOP’s/SMP’s Should be
Complied with the appropriate PPE List
List down all activities and the areas where the work is
going to be carried out and check the PPE’s as per SOP‘s
& SMP’s.
Identify the locations where there is a potential hazard to
Health and Safety.
Identify the PPEs required based on the requirement of
the job.
Approved PPE list in such potential hazard to Health and
Safety should be displayed in the entrance itself.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Work Procedure

Take the help of PPE Grid / Approved PPE list.

Display of PPEs in the entrance to the work location.
It’s the line managers’ responsibility to identify the
special PPEs required for the special type of Jobs.
Line manager’s responsibility to identify /check PPEs
required before starting of job in the gas prone and
hazardous area.
In emergency situation or critical condition if PPE’s are
not adequate or any special type of PPE’s required then
take the help of Safety & FS Department.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Personal Protective Equipment Display
All plants, sections shall have clearly visible signage, instructions
defining the use of minimum mandatory PPE while entering in
the respective plant areas, as per indicated below (fig.- 1 in the
Standard)

Personal Protective Equipment

 PPE Maintenance, Storage & Cleaning
• Maintenance of PPE to be conducted as per manufacturers
recommendations/Corporate Safety groups maintenance
procedures
• Maintenance to be done by Adequately trained personnel
• Storage conditions to prevent
 - Cross Contamination
 - Exposure to rain, sunlight, humidity etc.
• Standard defines PPE to be distributed for individual
whenever possible. Sharing to be discouraged
 Where PPE is shared a proper sanitization procedure to
be followed after each use.

Personal Protective Equipment

PPE Maintenance, Storage & Cleaning

Personal Protective Equipment

 PPE Disposal
• Potentially contaminated PPE and work clothing shall
not be taken home.
• A decontamination procedure that address the
handling of contaminated and potentially contaminated
personal clothing shall be documented.
• Criterion for Disposal of PPEs
Damage,
Wear & tear
Used to it’s full potential
As per manufacturer’s recommendation
Damage due to realization of hazard / incident /
accident
• Sites should consider destruction to prevent re-use.

Personal Protective Equipment

 Program administration, documentation and evaluat

• Each unit shall have a documented PPE procedure to

implement this standard
• The procedure shall address the following:
- The safety, health & environment hazards
evaluation
- Types of PPE selected for use.
- PPE types & Storage locations.
- PPE maintenance procedures, including:
- Training records.
- Applicable inspection records.
• Procedures to be reviewed at least once in a year or
when changes take place

Personal Protective Equipment

 Enforcement & Inspection

• PPE issue record to be maintained to check

effectiveness of the standard implementation and
adherence to local/statutory requirements
• Enforcement of PPE to be monitored through the
Safety Observations, safety pledge, Mass
communication, Reviews, Audits & Inspections
• All Employees, visitors and contractors to wear
specified mandatory PPE’s.

Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment