CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
PROFESSIONAL
Curriculum
EDUCATION:
Development
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
SEPT 2019:
5 out of 12 (41.67%)
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
PART I:
CURRICULUM FUNDAMENTALS
PART II:
THE PHILIPPINE CURRICULUM
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
PART I:
CURRICULUM
FUNDAMENTALS
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Etymology
• From the classical Latin, “currere”
which means “to run”
• In New Latin, curriculum means,
“a course of study.”
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Definitions of curriculum
Traditionalists see a curriculum as:
• a course of study;
• the “what” of education;
• a structured set of outcomes;
• listings of subjects to be learned;
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Definitions of curriculum
Progressivists see a curriculum as:
the TOTAL learning experience;
includes all learning that
happens in all contexts
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Forms
• Official
• Recommended
• Intended
• Implemented
• Achieved
• Support
• Hidden
• Null
• Phantom
• Concomitant
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Elements
• Intent
• Content
• Approaches
• Evaluation
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Elements:
INTENT
• Institutional level
• Classroom level
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Elements:
INTENT
• Specific
• Measurable
• Attainable
• Relevant
• Time-bound
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Elements:
CONTENT
• Self-sufficiency
• Significance
• Validity
• Meaningfulness
• Usefulness
• Learnability
• Feasibility
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
• Balance
Design • Articulation
Dimensions: • Sequence
CONTENT • Integration
• Continuity
• Scope
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Elements:
APPROACHES
• Teaching methods
• Teaching strategies
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Elements:
EVALUATION
• Objectives model
• CIPP
• Countenance
• Illuminative
• Connoisseurship
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
As a procedure, curriculum development involves:
• Vision/Mission
• Characteristics of a Graduate
• Program Outcomes
• Indicators (Behaviors, Sub-tasks)
• Course Goals
• Lesson Objectives
• Content
• Assessment
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Design Models
• Subject-centered
• Discipline-based
• Integrated
• Learner-centered
• Spiral
• Competency-based
• Problem-centered
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Development Models
• Tyler’s Rationale
• Taba’s Grassroots
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Development Models:
RALPH TYLER MODEL
• linear
• authoritarian
• top-down
• key players:
curriculum experts
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum Development Models:
HILDA TABA MODEL
• non-linear
• democratic
• key players:
classroom teachers
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
PART II:
HISTORY OF CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
IN THE PHILIPPINES
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
PERIOD FOCUS OF THE CURRICULUM
transmission of culture, traditions,
Pre-Hispanic and practical knowledge
Spanish promulgation of religion
American spread of democracy
establishment of
Japanese a new Asian order
Post-War instilment of nationalism
Contemporary advance of globalization
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
PRECURSORS and
STATE RATIONALE
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
PRECURSORS
• Monroe Survey (1925)
• Prosser Survey (1930s)
• UNESCO Mission Survey (1946)
• Swanson Survey (1960)
• PCSPE (1970)
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
PRECURSORS
• CCE Report (1991)
• PESS (1998)
• PCER (2000)
• DepEd Bridging (2004)
• PTFER (2008)
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
Enhancing the quality of basic
education in the Philippines
is urgent and critical.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
The poor quality of education
is reflected in the low achievement
scores of Filipino students.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
The Philippines fails
miserably in international tests.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
The 10-year curriculum
is congested which partly explains
the present state of education.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
The preparation of high school
graduates for the world of work
or higher education is inadequate.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
Most graduates are too young
to enter the labor force.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
The 10-year system also reinforces
the misperception that basic
education is just a preparatory step
for higher education.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
Our graduates are not
automatically recognized
as professionals abroad.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
K-12 Education:
RATIONALE
The short basic education program
affects the human development
of the Filipino children.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
The Philippines’ Response:
DepEd’s FLOs
To address the perennial difficulties
in the public, formal basic education,
schooling is offered through FLOs:
FLEXIBLE LEARNING OPTIONS.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
The Philippines’ Response:
DepEd’s FLOs
The FLO Program was launched to
provide options to students and
parents in terms of the manner
through which instruction is done.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
The Philippines’ Response:
DepEd’s FLOs
The FLO Program aims to alleviate the
socio-economic constraints of schooling
such as financing, proximity, and non-
conducive learning environments.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
DepEd’s FLOs:
Guiding Principles
Quality education is free and accessible.
Education is a right of all individuals.
Education is inclusive, not discriminating.
Stakeholder participation is crucial.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Flexible Learning Options:
Enhanced Instructional Management
by Parents, Community, and Teachers
(e-IMPACT)
Modified In-school Out-school Approach (MISOSA)
Open High School Program (OHSP)
Dropout Reduction Program (DORP)
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
The Goal of K-12 Education:
OUTCOME-BASED
EDUCATION
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Outcome-based Education:
KEY PRINCIPLES
• Clarity of Focus
• Designing Back
• High Expectations
• Expanded Opportunities
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
OUTCOME
DESIGN
DELIVER
ASSESSMENT METHOD
LEARNING EXPERIENCES
RESOURCES