Expanded Program on
Immunization
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Company
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OBJECTIVES
“To Reduce morbidity and Mortality against
7 childhood Immunizable diseases.”
(Tuberculosis, Diptheria, Pertusis,
Tetanus, Poliomyelitis, Measles, and
Hepatitis B.)
Established here at Philippines by Pres.
Marcos on the month of July, 1976
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PRINCIPLES:
The program is based on epidemiological
situation; schedules are drawn on the
basis of the occurrences and
characteristics features of the said
diseases.
The whole community rather than just an
individual is to be protected, thus, mass
approach is applied.
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Immunization is a basic health service and
as such, it is integrated into the health
services provided for by Rural Health Unit.
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Immunization – is a process by which
vaccines are introduce to the Body, before
infectious sets in.
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Elements
Target Setting – (0 – 12 mos.)
Cold chain Management (for vaccine life
span and utilization)
Information, education and communication
Assessment and evaluation of the
programs over all performance
Surveillance, studies and research.
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3 Reasons: ( IEC )
For parents, to be motivated to submit their
child to immunization
To provide health teachings on benefits and
importance of immunization
To inform the public about its availability and
schedule (RHU q Weds. BHS q once a month,
and remote area q Quarterly)
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EPI ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE FOR
LOGO INFANTS
VACCINE TARGET DOSAGE INTERVAL ROUTE SITE
1. BCG Anytime at 0.05ml Once Intradermal Right Deltoid
Birth 0.1ml (ID) Left
School Assess for Deltoid
Entrance Wheal
formation
2. Hepa B Anytime 0.5ml 6 wks. Intramuscula Upper outer
at Birth Interval from r (IM) Portion of
1st dose to the thigh
2nd dose,
then 8 weeks
interval
From 2nd to
3rd dose
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EPI ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE FOR
LOGO INFANTS
VACCINE TARGET DOSAGE INTERVAL ROUTE SITE
3. DPT 6 wks. Up 0.5ml 4 weeks x 3 Intramuscul Upper
to 11 mos. doses ar (IM) outer
portion of
the thigh
4. OPV 6 wks. Up 2 drops 4 weeks x 3 Oral Mouth
to 11 mos. doses (Child must (side of the
be for 30 cheek)
mins.)
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EPI ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE FOR
LOGO INFANTS
VACCINE TARGET DOSAGE INTERVAL ROUTE SITE
5. 9 0.5ml Once Subcuta Outer
Measles months neous Part of
(if (SQ) the
epidemi upper
c crisis, arm
6 mos.)
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Fully immunized Child
Child is considered fully immunized if he or
she completed 1 dose of BCG,3 dose of
hepaB, 3 dose of DPT,3 dose of OPV and
1 dose of measles before reaching the 1st
birthday
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LOGO Characteristic of Vaccines
Vaccine Type or Form of Storage Temperature
Vaccine
Most Sensitive to Heat OPV ( live Attenuated ) - 15 – - 20 degrees C
Measles ( freeze Dried ) At the Freezer
Least Sensitive Heat DPT / Hepa 20 - - 8 degree celcius
D – weakened toxoid BODY OF THE
P – Killed Vaccine REFRIGERATOR
T – weakened toxin
( toxoid )
Hep B 2 – 3 degrees celcius
BODY OF THE REF
BCG ( freeze dried )
TT
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LOGO Side Effects of BCG
Koch’s Phenomenon – acute
inflammatory process starting with in 24
hrs. and may last for 2 – 4 days. Wheal
must disappear in about 30 mins – 1hr.
Abscess formation – 1st week – soreness
and inflammation, 2nd week – 11th week
healing of abscess and ulceration. If there
is no scar developed, Repeat the
procedure
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indolent ulceration – a. wrong technique,
b. exposure of infant to Pt. c active TB.
Glandular Enlargement – a. unsterile
syringe or needle was used, b. too much
vaccine was injected. C. the vaccine might
be injected under the skin layer, and not
instead in its superficial layer.
Management: Physician may order, I and
D, or Isoniazid.
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LOGO POINTERS :
Cold dogs
Using vaccine carrier
FEFO ( First in First Out )
Every child deserves to be given the
benefits of immunization protection based
on immunization law.
No vaccine gives 100% protection. They
go hand in hand with good hygiene and
other measures for disease prevention.
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Recommended series of immunization
must be completed for adequate
protection.
Booster doses are important to maintain
continuous protection against the
diseases.
Interruption of schedule does not interfere
with final immunity nor does it necessitate
contraindication to vaccination.
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Malnutrition, minor respiratory infections,
moderate fever, cough and diarrhea do not
constitute contraindications to
vaccinations.
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LOGO POINTERS ON IMMUNIZATION
Every child deserves to be given the
benefits of immunization protection based
on immunization law.
No vaccine gives 100% protection. They
go hand in hand with good hygiene and
other measures for disease prevention.
Recommended series of immunization
must be completed for adequate
protection.
Company
LOGO POINTERS ON IMMUNIZATION
Interruption of schedule does not interfere
with final immunity nor does it necessitate
contraindication to vaccination.
Malnutrition, minor respiratory infections,
moderate fever, cough and diarrhea do not
constitute contraindications to
vaccinations.
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the absolute contraindications to
immunization are :
DPT2 or DPT3 to a child who has had
convulsion or shock with in 3 days the
previous dose.
Live weakened vaccine like BCG must not be
given to individual who are
immunocompromised due to malignant
disease.
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Measles and OPV vaccines are most
sensitive to heat. They must be strictly
maintained at -15 – 20 C.
Vaccines are safe and effective with mild
side effects after vaccination.
No extra doses must be given to
child/mother who missed a dose.
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Giving doses of a vaccine at less than 4
weeks interval may lessen the anti body
response. Lengthening the interval leads
to higher antibody levels.
Practice FEFO first expiry first out rule,
and 1 syringe one needle one child policy
must strictly implemented.