Compressor Group
Compressor Group
Compressor
Piston Rings
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3
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Compressor Group
Checking end gap
BUTT CUT RINGS
(Teflon) Be sure to
.0195 per inch of bore diameter
(PEEK) position rings in
.0064 per inch of bore diameter the cylinder bore
Tolerance = +.020/-.000
Angled Cut Rings
Butt Cut x .707 + Tolerance
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Piston with conventional rings
Cylinder bore Counterbore
Seal
= gas pressure
Piston movement Piston
Seal
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Metallic piston ring materials
• CAST IRON
– Dirty or corrosive gases
• BRONZE
– High pressure
– High temperature
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Compressor Group
Non-metallic piston ring materials
• PTFE - TEFLON
– Carbon filled - Non-lube and lubricated
– Glass and Moly filled - Lubricated
– Bronze filled - Non-lube and lubricated
(mostly air service)
High temperature, non-corrosive
– Ryton
• THERMOPLASTICS - (Lubricated)
– Combination rings 8
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Compressor Piston Rings
Any Questions?
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Compressor Group
Rider Rings
&
Rider Bands
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Compressor Group
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Compressor Group
Using rider rings or rider bands
to support the piston off of the bore
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Compressor Group
Calculating bearing pressure
on existing rider rings / bands
piston weight + 1/2 rod weight
Bearing pressure = groove width x cylinder dia. x .866 x no. of rings
Bearing pressure limits 7 psi non-lube
12 psi lubricated
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Compressor Group
Calculating required width of
rider rings / bands
Total width = piston weight + 1/2 rod weight
of all riders bearing pressure x cylinder diameter x .866
Bearing pressure limits 7 psi non-lube
12 psi lubricated
Side Clearance = .012” per inch of ring width
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Compressor Group
Rider End Gap
Normally twice that
of the piston ring gap.
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Typical application for rider rings
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Typical application for rider bands
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o
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Effective length of rider =
.866 x cylinder diameter
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Determining rider thickness
Bore diameter Rider thickness
up to 12” .250”
12” to 16” .312”
16” to 21” .375”
21” to 26” .438”
26” and larger .500”
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Compressor Group
Rider O.D. = Bore size - running clearance
Running clearance
Running clearance:
Cast iron = .0015 + .010” per inch bore dia.
Aluminum = .003 + .010” per inch bore dia.
Rider O.D.
Ex:
10” cyl., alum. piston = .040” run. clrnce.
10” - .040” =
9.960” rider O.D.
Determining rider O.D. 21
Compressor Group
Bottom groove diameter = rider O.D. - (2 x rider thickness)
Ex:
10” cyl., alum. piston = rider O.D. of 9.970
10” cyl., alum piston = .250”rider thcknss
9.970” - (2 x .250”) =
9.470” bottom groove diameter
Determining piston bottom groove diameter 22
Compressor Group
Piston O.D. = rider O.D. - (2 x rider projection)
Ex:
Piston O.D.
10” cyl., alum. piston = 9.970” rider O.D.
Typical rider projection = .060”
9.970” - (2 x .060”) =
9.850” piston O.D.
Rider projection
.060” typical
Determining piston O.D. 23
Compressor Group
Groove depth = rider ring thickness - rider ring projection
Groove depth
Ex:
10” cyl., alum. piston = .250” ring thcknss
Typical ring projection = .060”
.250” - .060” =
.190” rider ring groove depth
Determining rider ring groove depth 24
Determining “free O.D.” for stretch on rider bands
to allow for growth after stretching onto piston.
Free O.D. = free I.D. + (2 x rider thickness)
10” cyl., alum. piston = 9.139” free I.D.
10” cyl., alum. piston = .250” rider thickness
9.139” + (2 x .250”) =
9.639” free O.D. (to allow for .331” growth after stretch)
Determining “free I.D.” for stretch on rider bands
to allow for 3.5% interference fit.
Free I.D. = bottom groove diameter x .965
10” cyl., alum. piston = 9.470” bottom groove diameter
9.470” x .965 =
9.139” free I.D. (.331” interference fit)
Piston with combination rings
Cylinder bore Counterbore
Seal
= gas pressure
Piston movement Piston
Piston weight makes
bottom half of the ring
seal against cylinder bore.
Seal
Compressor Group
Rider Rings & Rider Bands
Any Questions?
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