ACHIEVEMENT FROM
•STUDENTS
At the end of this chapter :
• Apply the concept of force
• Define force and its units.
• Differentiate between weight and mass.
• Define Newton’s Second Law.
• Define force in equilibrium.
• Apply the concept of force in solving problems related to equilibrium of
forces.
• Calculate the resultant force using resolution method.
• Understand the concept of moment of force
Define moment of force.
Describe principle of moment of force.
Apply the concept and formula of moment of force in solving the related
problems.
WHAT IS FORCE?
• An action which alter the state of motion of a
body in a straight line.
• Happen when there is push or pull action applied
on object.
• SI unit: Newton, N @ kgms-2 .
• A vector quantity which has magnitude and
direction.
CHAPTER 2: FORCE
Force can
WHAT IS FORCE? alter
Speed
Direction
of motion Size
State of
motion Shape
CHAPTER 2: FORCE
Pushing a car
• Example:
WHAT IS FORCE?
Changing the shape of ceramic
• Example:
WHAT IS FORCE?
Changing the direction of the
canoe
• Example:
WHAT IS FORCE?
WEIGHT?
MASS?
WEIGHT? MASS?
Weight, W = mg
• Weight the weight of a body is defined
as the force of gravity acting on the
body.
• Weight is a vector quantity and its SI
unit is Newton (N)
WEIGHT? MASS?
• Mass of a body is a measure of the amount of
matter in it.
• It is a basic property of the body and cannot be
changed by changing its location or shape.
• It is a scalar quantity and its SI unit is kilogram
(kg).
Weight Mass
WEIGHT
Weight is aAND
vectorMASS
quantityDIFFERENCES
Mass is a scalar quantity
Weight of a body is varies Mass of a body cannot be
over the earth surface change by changing its location
Weight SI unit is , N Mass SI unit is kilogram, kg
1ST NEWTONS LAW
• An object continues in its state of rest. If moving, it
continues to move with uniform velocity, unless
compelled by some external forces to act
otherwise.
2ND NEWTONS LAW
• The rate of change of momentum of a body is
proportional to the applied force and takes place
in the direction in which the force acts.
3RD NEWTONS LAW
• States that for any action, there is a reaction
which has the same magnitude but acts in
opposite direction.
FORCE VS INCLINED
PLANE
BALANCE FORCE
F1 = 25N
F1 = 20N F2 = 20N
F2 = 25N
• Balance forces acting on an object will cause them to cancel each other
meaning the net force on the object is zero.
UNBALANCED FORCE
• Happens when a net force is not zero.
F1 F1
F1
F1
F1
SUM OF FORCES
F1
Sum of forces (Horizontal component)
F = F1 +F2
F1
F2
Sum of forces (Vertical component)
F2 F3 F = F1 + (-F2) + (- F3)
Find the net force of the diagram…
30
13 N
30 10 5N 21
N N
N N
(1) 11
13 N
20 N (6)
(4)
60 N
N 5N
6N
40 10
(2)
N N 4N 18
N
10
N 5N
20
3N 50 N
11 N
(3) (5) (7)
N
RESOLUTION FORCE
A single force that can be
resolved into two (2)
perpendicular component
Horizontal Component :
•
Vertical Component :
RESULTANT FORCE
(magnitude of resultant force)
•
(direction of the resultant force)
EXAMPLE 1
Calculate the resultant force and its direction for the diagram
above.
EXAMPLE 2
Calculate the resultant force and its direction.