Work Breakdown Structure 1

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS

 Work Breakdown Structure 2

To achieve successful contract and corporate

objectives, it needs proper planning to
identify responsibilities and element in the
construction project.

The FIRST STEP in preparing planning is

develop Work Breakdown Structures (WBS).

WBS – table or figure to show each steps in

project.

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS

 Work Breakdown Structure 3

It describes the work elements of a project in a logical

hierarchy which can be used for a number of related
management control activities.

A WBS is a product-oriented family tree composed of

hardware, services, and data which result from project
engineering efforts during the development and production of
a defense material item, and which completely defines the
project/program.
MIL-STD-881A "Work Breakdown Structures for Defense Material Items"

A WBS displays and defines the products to be developed or

produced and relates the elements of work to be accomplished
to each other and to the end product.
Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS
 Work Breakdown Structure
(Design Principles -The 100% Rule) 4

The Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures (Second

Edition), published by the Project Management Institute (PMI)
defines the 100% Rule as follows:
The 100% Rule...states that the WBS includes 100% of the work
defined by the project scope and captures all deliverables –
internal, external, interim – in terms of the work to be
completed, including project management.
The 100% rule is one of the most important principles guiding
the development, decomposition and evaluation of the WBS. The
rule applies at all levels within the hierarchy: the sum of the
work at the “child” level must equal 100% of the work
represented by the “parent” and the WBS should not include any
work that falls outside the actual scope of the project, that
is, it cannot include more than 100% of the work… It is
important to remember that the 100% rule also applies to the
activity level. The work represented by the activities in each
work package must add up to 100% of the work necessary to
complete the work package.
Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS
 Work Breakdown Structure
(Design Principles -The 100% Rule) 5

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS

 Work Breakdown Structure 6

A planning tool & not a scheduling

method.
Breaks a project down into greater
detail by level
Organizes without scheduling
Provides a framework for organizing and
ordering activities.

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 Work Breakdown Structure 7

The Importance of WBS:

Overall program can be explain in summary according
to each sub-element divided.
Planning could execute.
Cost and budget could estimate more accurately.
Time, Cost and Performance of each element could be
monitor from time to time.
Objective could be relate directly with the
available resources in the company.
Network diagram and control planning could be
prepared in early stages.
Responsibilities for each parties involve in every
element could be identify and assign.

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS

 Work Breakdown Structure 8

The work content of a project has to be divided into

tasks that can be assigned and performed by one of the
participating organizational units.

WBS

Matrix of Organisational
Cost Controlling
Responsibility Structure

Network Risk Objectives

Scheduling Analysis Coordination

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS

 Work Breakdown Structure 9

The definition of a task at the lowest level of the

WBS should include the following elements:
Objectives
Tangible accomplishments
Deliverables
Some deliverables may be part of the hardware and
software used in project, like a pump in the
hydraulic system of a new airplane.
Other deliverables might include a report that
documents the funding of an economic analysis, or
a recommendation made after evaluating a number
of scenarios with a computer model

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 Work Breakdown Structure 10

Schedule
At least has two milestones : ST and FT (Start and
Finist Time)
Budget
Performance measures
These measures are used during project execution to
compare actual and planned performance in order to
establish project control
Total Quality Management (TQM) approach to project
management integrates cost, schedule, and quality into
a common performance measure called the Earned Value.
Responsibility
Relationship between Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
and Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS)
Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS
 Hierarchy of Work Breakdown Structure 11

Sub-Project
Level

Task Level

Work Package
Level

Activity Level

Operations Level

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 Work Breakdown Structure 12

project Mediterranean Housing Project

1. Area A 2. Area B
AREA (West Side) (East Side)

1A. 1B. 1C. 1D. 1E.

Preliminary Cut & fill Foundation Super structure Finishing
activity
works works works Works works

1A.1 1A.2 1A.3

Sub Site Water Procurement
Fences
activity Office

Figure 2.1a Example of WBS

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 Work Breakdown Structure 13

WAREHOUSE
Project

Sub - Project ADMINISTRATION MOBILISATION PROCUREMENT CONSTRUCTION

Sub - Network EARTHWORK FOOTING SLAB MASONRY ROOF

FORMWORK REBAR WORK CONCRETING

Activity WORK

Sub - Activity LABOUR MATERIAL EQUIPMENT

Figure 2.1b Example of WBS

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS

 Activity Defined 14

Must Consume
Time!!
Mostly Consume Definable Start
Resources!! and Finish!!

Assignable Measurable

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 Activity Identification 15

1. Plans and Specification

2. Agreement
3. Contract Conditions
4. BQ
5. Other Information

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 Activity Identification 16

Criteria For Breaking Down Projects

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS

 Organizational Breakdown Structure 17

The OBS should also be complete, detailed and accurate:

Complete in the sense that it should depict all the
organizational units that will participate in the project
Detailed in the sense that each organizational unit is
represented down to the level where the work is actually
being performed
Accurate in the sense that it reflects the true lines of
authority, responsibility and communications.
The linear responsibility chart integrates the two
structures (i.e. WBS and OBS) by assigning lower-level WBS
elements to lower-level OBS elements.
The design of WBS and OBS depend on:
The complexity of the project
Goals
The constraints imposed on it
Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS
 Organizational Breakdown Structure 18

To develop an OBS:
Draw the organization structure of
the project team.

Include all team members.

Identify any positions that still

need to be filled.

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS

 Organizational Breakdown Structure 19

Mediterranean Housing Project

Level 1 1. Project Manager

Level 2 1.1 Site Manager

Level 3 1.1.1 Foreman

Level 4 [Link] Chief of labors

Level 5 Carpenter Masonry M&E labors S&P labors

Figure 2.2 Example of OBS

Chapter 2 - WBS and OBS