Rudder Design
Georgie Keane
Rudder Design
Session 1
Assignment 2
• Start Tuesday 26th October 2010
• Hand in Wednesday 17th November 2010
• Written report. Maximum sides plus
appendices of calculations
12/08/21 Ship Design SESS2009 3
Purpose of assignment
• Using the given design requirements and
experimental data calculate the minimum
rudder stock diameter.
• Understand the concept of a “balanced
rudder”.
• Check the minimum requirement for the
stock diameter and plate scantlings using
Lloyds rules.
• Produce a sketch of the rudder showing the
overall profile, section shape, layout and
scantlings.
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Rudder
Types
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Points of
the rudder
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Rudder Force
Components
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Loads at rudder stock
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Purpose of assignment
• Using the given design requirements and
experimental data calculate the minimum
rudder stock diameter.
• Understand the concept of a “balanced
rudder”.
• Check the minimum requirement for the
stock diameter and plate scantlings using
Lloyds rules.
• Produce a sketch of the rudder showing the
overall profile, section shape, layout and
scantlings.
12/08/21 Ship Design SESS2009 12
Assignment.
• Rudder dimensions – rudder design data on handout
• Rudder Torque – experimental data on handout
– interpolate for correct J
– Torque = N ‾x
• Minimise Torque – range of stock positions (20% -35% cord)
– record absolute maximum torques
– stock position to minimise maximums
• Root bending moment = R ‾y
• Equivalent bending moment = M/2 +1/2√ M2+ Q2
• Discuss
• Lloyds Rules
• Rudder Blade section
• Drawing
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Experimental rig
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Rudder Design
Session 2
Purpose of assignment
• Using the given design requirements and
experimental data calculate the minimum
rudder stock diameter.
• Understand the concept of a “balanced
rudder”.
• Check the minimum requirement for the
stock diameter and plate scantlings using
Lloyds rules.
• Produce a sketch of the rudder showing the
overall profile, section shape, layout and
scantlings.
12/08/21 Ship Design SESS2009 18
Assignment.
• Rudder dimensions – rudder design data on handout
• Rudder Torque – experimental data on handout
– interpolate for correct J
– Torque = N ‾x
• Minimise Torque – range of stock positions (20% -35% cord)
– record absolute maximum torques
– stock position to minimise maximums
• Root bending moment = R ‾y
• Equivalent bending moment = M/2 +1/2√ M2+ Q2
• Discuss
• Lloyds Rules
• Rudder Blade section
• Drawing
12/08/21 Ship Design SESS2009 19
Rudder Stock
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Rudder crosshead and
hydraulics
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Rudder torque
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Minimizing torque
Stock Position (%)
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Loads at rudder stock
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Rudder Design
Session 3
Design Considerations
• Hydrodynamic considerations:-
– Minimum Drag
– Good directional stability
– High manoeuvrability
– Rudder propeller interaction
• Structural considerations:-
– Ease of construction and maintenance
– Structural reliability
– Weight
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Choice of Section
• Aspect Ratio. Structural consideration
Efficiency
• Thickness : Cord ratio. Efficiency
Nose radius
• Tapered Sections. Position of Cp(span)
Down wash
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NACA Sections.
• Aero foil sections described by a 4 digit
number e.g. 0015
• First two digits camber : cord ratio (00
if symmetrical)
• Second two digits thickness : cord ratio
(10-20% for ships rudders)
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NACA Sections
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NACA 0010
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Rudder Thickness
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