EML 3004C
CHAPTER ONE
General Principles
Namas Chandra Hibbler
Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-1
EML 3004C
Statics, Dynamics and Mechanics of Materials
Statics deals with the state of rest or motion of bodies with
constant velocities F M 0
In dynamics, the bodies are allowed to accelerate. F M ma
Two Branches of static equilibrium
Statics
Mechanics of Materials
Statics
Equilibrium of Bodies-material independent,
uses only static equations
Mechanics of Materials F M 0
Relationship between the external loads, the
intensity of internal forces and its deformation
response
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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-2
EML 3004C
Basic Concepts
Quantities
Idealization
Length (location, position, Particle (neglect, size,
size) geometry)
Time (succession of events)
Rigid Body (all points
within remain in the same
Force (Push, Pull) position, at fixed distances
from each other)
Mass (Properties of Matter)
ONLY THREE OF FOUR Concentrated Force ( over
NEEDED (NEWTONS LAW) a very small area, zero)
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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-3
EML 3004C
Physical Quantities
Physical Qualities
Mass, Volume
Force area
time length
distance, displacement
Density velocity
Temperature acceleration
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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-4
EML 3004C
Scalar and Vector Quantities
Scalar Quantities
Described by their magnitude, mass
(italic form) or lower case (a for A)
Vector Quantities
Described by a magnitude, a direction, and a point of
application
(Bold Face) in the book
A,A
Bar or Arrow in handwritten work
Magnitude A or A (italic) or a =
A
Namas Chandra Hibbler
Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-5
EML 3004C
Newton’s Laws
Newton’s First Law
A body at rest tends to remain at rest & a body in motion at a
constant velocity will tend to maintain the velocity.
Newton’s Second Law
Change of motion is proportional to the moving force
impressed and takes place in the direction of the straight line
in which such force is impressed.
F ma
Namas Chandra Hibbler
Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-6
EML 3004C
Newton’s Laws
Consequences of Newton’s Third Law
When two bodies interact, a pair of equal and opposite
reaction forces will exist at their contact point.
This force pair will have the same magnitude and acts along
the same direction, but have opposite sense.
The mutual force of action and reaction between two bodies
are equal, opposite, and collinear.
Kg = mass=[m] Newton = Force=[F]
Slug= mass =[m] lbf = Force = [F]
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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-7
EML 3004C
Gravitational Law
Gravitational Law
m1m2
F G 2
r
G = universal constant of gravitation
66.73 10 12 m3
kg s 2
m1,m2 = mass of each of the two particles
r= distance
Namas Chandra Hibbler
Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-8
EML 3004C
What is weight?
Weight
If m1 = mass of the particle
m2 = mass of the earth
r = distance of the particle to the earth’s center
W = weight of the particle
m1 m2
W G 2
if r
Gm2
g 2
r
W mg
Namas Chandra Hibbler
Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-9
EML 3004C
Units
Units SI (International System of
Length, time, mass, force Units)
-basic quantities Meter (m)
Second (sec)
Kilogram (kg)
F ma Newton (N)
(Note: we use bars to denote forces or vectors) kg m
Ex : mass = 1kg N 2
s
W mg
W = 9.81N
g 9.81 m s 2
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Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-10
EML 3004C
Conversion of Units
Conversion of Units
FPS SI
Force 1 lb = 4.4482 N
Mass 1 slug = 14.5938 kg
Length 1 ft = 0.3048 m
Ex:
2kN 1000 N 1lb 0.3048m
2 kN
m m 1kN 4.4482 N 1 ft
Namas Chandra Hibbler
Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-11
EML 3004C
CHAPTER ONE.. concludes
General Principles
Namas Chandra Hibbler
Introduction to Mechanical engineering Chapter 1-12