01
Major Psychological School of
Thought:
PSYCHONALYSIS
General Psychology, 1 st Semester
02
Psychoanalysis
is a therapy, as well
as a theory
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
It was a form of therapy Freud
popularized as a treatment for
mental health disorders.
03
ID – unconscious level, only,
instinct to survive (eros), instinct
to destroy (thanatos)
EGO – develops from infancy,
keeps check on ID
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
SUPEREGO- where morality
resides, encourage social
responsibility
03
Sally was thirsty. Rather than waiting for the server
to refill her glass of water, she reached across the
table and drank from Mr. Smith's water glass,
much to his surprise.
Sally was thirsty. However, she knew that
her server would be back soon to refill her
water glass, so she waited until then to get a
drink, even though she really just wanted to
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
drink from Mr. Smith's glass.
Sarah knew she could steal the supplies from
work and no one would know about it.
However, she knew that stealing was wrong,
so she decided not to take anything even
though she would probably never get caught.
02
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
Psychosexual
Development
Stages of
07
1 Stage:
st
ORAL the child seeks pleasure from the mouth (e.g.,
sucking)
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
07
2 Stage:
nd
ANAL the child seeks pleasure from the anus
(e.g., withholding and expelling feces)
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
07
3 Stage:
rd
PHALLIC the child seeks pleasure from the penis or
clitoris (e.g., masturbation)
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
07
4 Stage:
th
LATENT the child has little or no sexual motivation
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
07
5 Stage:
th
GENITAL the child seeks pleasure from the penis or
vagina (e.g., sexual intercourse; McLeod,
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS 2013).
08
Defense
Mechanisms
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
The conflict between the Id and
Superego results to the creation of
defense mechanisms, keeps us safe
from guilt an anxiety that we might
feel
07
Repression The ego pushes disturbing or
threatening thoughts out of one’s
consciousness
Denial The ego blocks upsetting or
overwhelming experiences from
awareness, causing the individual to
refuse to acknowledge or believe what
is happening
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
07
Projection The ego attempts to solve discomfort by
attributing the individual’s unacceptable
thoughts, feelings, and motives to another
person;
Displacement The individual satisfies an impulse by
acting on a substitute object or person in a
socially unacceptable way (e.g., releasing
frustration directed toward your boss on
your spouse instead);
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
07
Regression As a defense mechanism, the individual
moves backward in development in order
to cope with stress (e.g., an overwhelmed
adult acting like a child);
Sublimation Similar to displacement, this defense
mechanism involves satisfying an impulse
by acting on a substitute but in a socially
acceptable way (e.g., channeling energy
into work or a constructive hobby)
(McLeod, 2013).
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
02
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
Make the Unconscious, Conscious.
GOAL:
MAIN
08
Defense Mechanisms +
Release of Impulses
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
Symptoms that are looked at in
Psychoanalysis.
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
09
08
Identify Defense
Mechanisms
Determine the Underlying
Impulses
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
Replace it
how Psychoanalysis works
07 Freud believed that analyzing one’s dreams can
give valuable insight into the unconscious mind.
Dream In 1900, Freud published the book The
Analysis
Interpretation of Dreams. In this book, he also
distinguished between the manifest content (the
Major Psychological School of actual dream) and the latent content (the true or
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
hidden meaning behind the dream).
Before Freud, dreams were considered
insignificant and insensible ramblings of the
mind at rest. His book provoked a new level of
interest in dreams, an interest that continues to
this day.
07 A simple technique in which a patient talks of
whatever comes into their mind.
This technique involves a therapist reading a list
Free of words (e.g.. mother, childhood, etc.) and the
Association
patient immediately responds with the first word
that comes to mind.
Major Psychological School of May not prove useful if the client shows
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
resistance, and is reluctant to say what he or she
is thinking. On the other hand, the presence of
resistance (e.g., an excessively long pause) often
provides a strong clue that the client is getting
close to some important repressed idea in his or
her thinking, and that further probing by the
therapist is called for.
07
Freudian Slips Freud believed that slips of the tongue provided
an insight into the unconscious mind and that
there were no accidents, every behavior
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS (including slips of the tongue) was significant
(i.e., all behavior is determined).
07
The inkblot is known as a projective test as the
patient 'projects' information from their
Rorschach unconscious mind to interpret the inkblot.
Inkblots The inkblot itself doesn't mean anything, it's
ambiguous (i.e., unclear). It is what you read into
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
it that is important. Different people will see
different things depending on what unconscious
connections they make. However, behavioral
psychologists such as B.F. Skinner have
criticized this method as being subjective and
unscientific.
Major Psychological School of
Thought: PSYCHOANALYSIS
on Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory
Criticism
09
10
What is Psychoanalysis? [Link]
Examples of Id, Ego, and Superego. https://
[Link]/[Link]
Ackerman, C. (2020). Psychoanalysis: A Brief History of Freud’s
Psychoanalytic Theory. PositivePyschology(.)com.
[Link]
Cherry, K. (2020) The Influence of Psychoanalysis on the Field of Psychology.
Verywellmind. [Link]
Mcleod, S. (2007) Pyschoanalysis. SimplyPscholology. https://
[Link]/[Link]
- Winston Churchill
Bonne
journée
mercí beaucoup
