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The document discusses the World Health Organization's surgical safety checklist. It was designed to improve communication and consistency of care in surgery to reduce complications and deaths. When introduced in hospitals around the world, the checklist was associated with a 36% reduction in postoperative complication rates and similar reduction in death rates. The checklist is used at three critical times: before anesthesia, before incision, and before the patient leaves the operating room. It involves verifying patient identity, surgery site, risks, equipment and reviewing any concerns.
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90% found this document useful (10 votes)
2K views16 pagesWHO Surgical Safety Checklist Overview
The document discusses the World Health Organization's surgical safety checklist. It was designed to improve communication and consistency of care in surgery to reduce complications and deaths. When introduced in hospitals around the world, the checklist was associated with a 36% reduction in postoperative complication rates and similar reduction in death rates. The checklist is used at three critical times: before anesthesia, before incision, and before the patient leaves the operating room. It involves verifying patient identity, surgery site, risks, equipment and reviewing any concerns.
Uploaded by
Hafizur RashidCopyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
- Surgical Safety Checklist Introduction
- Introduction
- The Role of Surgical Safety Checklist
- Benefits of Safe Site Surgery
- How the Checklist is Used
- WHO Checklist Format
- Elements of the Surgical Safety Checklist
- Outcomes of the Checklist
- Conclusion
- References
Surgical Safety Checklist
Maj. Hafiz
26/1/2019
Introduction
Surgery has become an integral part of global health care,
with an estimated 234 million operations performed
yearly.
Each week in the US wrong-site surgery occur over 40
times.
Foreign objects are left inside patient’s body 39 times, and
these mistakes and their associated complications are
common and preventable.
A surgical safety checklist was designed to improve team
communication and consistency of care would reduce
complications and deaths associated with surgery.
In 2008, the World Health Organization (WHO)
published guidelines identifying multiple
recommended practices to ensure the safety of surgical
patients worldwide.
On the basis of these guidelines, a checklist intended
to be globally applicable and to reduce the rate of
major surgical complications .
The role of surgical safety checklist
-Safe delivery of anesthesia,
-Prophylaxis against infection,
-Effective teamwork,
-and other essential practices in surgery.
Safe Site Surgery will help the
surgical team to avoid:
Surgical deaths and errors
The adverse legal issues
Surgical infection
Poor communication among surgical team
members
How the checklist is used
It is used at three critical junctures in care:
-Before anesthesia is administered,
-Immediately before incision, and
-Before the patient is taken out of the operating room.
The WHO surgical safety checklist represent a simple
set of surgical safety operating room standards that are
applicable in all countries and settings.
The checklist is not intended to be comprehensive .
Additions and modifications to fit local practices are
encouraged.
The WHO checklist format
Three elements of the Surgical
Safety Checklist.
Sign In
Time Out
Sign Out
1 . Sign in (Briefing):
Before induction of anesthesia, members of the team (at least
the nurse and an anesthesia professional) orally confirm that:
The patient has verified his or her identity, the surgical site and
procedure, and consent
The surgical site is marked or site marking is not applicable
The pulse oximeter is on the patient and functioning
All members of the team are aware of whether the patient has
a known allergy
The patient’s airway and risk of aspiration have been evaluated
and appropriate equipment and assistance are available
If there is a risk of blood loss of at least 500 ml (or 7 ml/kg of
body weight, in children), appropriate access and fluids are
available
2 . Time out (Surgical pause):
Before skin incision, the entire team (nurses, surgeons, anesthesia
professionals, and any others participating in the care of the patient)
orally:
Confirms that all team members have been introduced by name and
role
Confirms the patient’s identity, surgical site, and procedure
Reviews the anticipated critical events
Surgeon reviews critical and unexpected steps, operative duration,
and anticipated blood loss
Anesthesia staff review concerns specific to the patient
Nursing staff review confirmation of sterility, equipment availability,
and other concerns
Confirms that prophylactic antibiotics have been administered ≤60
min before incision is made or that antibiotics are not indicated
Confirms that all essential imaging results for the correct patient are
displayed in the operating room
3. Sign out
Before the patient leaves the operating room:
Nurse reviews items aloud with the team
Name of the procedure as recorded
That the needle, sponge, and instrument counts are
complete (or not applicable)
That the specimen (if any) is correctly labeled, including
with the patient’s name
Whether there are any issues with equipment to be
addressed
The surgeon, nurse, and anesthesia professional review
aloud the key concerns for the recovery and care of the
patient
Outcomes of the checklist
Introduction of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist
into operating rooms in various hospitals around the
world was associated with marked improvements in
surgical outcomes.
Postoperative complication rates fell by 36% on
average, and death rates fell by a similar amount.
The reduction in the rates of death and complications
suggests that the checklist program can improve the
safety of surgical patients in diverse clinical and
economic environments.
Conclusion
A common theme in cases of wrong-site surgery involves failed
communication between the surgeon(s), the other members of
the health care team, and the patient.
Communication is crucial throughout the surgical process,
particularly during the preoperative assessment of the patient
and the procedures used to verify the operative site.
Effective preoperative patient assessment includes a review of
the medical record or imaging studies immediately before
starting surgery.
To facilitate this step, all relevant information sources, verified
by a predetermined checklist, should be available in the
operating room and rechecked by the entire surgical team
before the operation begins.
Use of the checklist involved both changes in systems
and changes in the behavior of individual surgical
teams.
To implement the checklist, all sites had to introduce
a formal pause in care during surgery for preoperative
team introductions and briefings and postoperative
debriefings, team practices that have previously been
shown to be associated with improved safety processes
and attitudes and with a rate of complications and
death reduced by as much as 80%.
References
[Link]
ources/SSSL_Checklist
[Link]
Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee
