University of Calicut
Master of Business Administration
BUS 2C 15 Management Information Systems
MODULE 5
Prepared By:
Mohammed Jasir PV
Asst. Professor
Module 5 - Syllabus
• Computer Networks: LAN, WAN; topologies; distributed data
processing and client/server computing
• Security of information resources; threats to information resources;
security systems for risk management – social and ethical issues of
information technology
Basics of Computer Networking
• Open system
A system which is connected to the network
and is ready for communication
• Closed system
A system which is not connected to the
network and can’t be communicated with
Network
• A network is a set of devices (nodes)
connected by communication links
• A node can be a computer, printer, or
any other device capable of sending
and/or receiving data generated by
other nodes on the network
Computer Network
• It means a collection of autonomous
computers interconnected by a single
technology
• Two computers are said to be interconnected
if they are able to exchange information
• The connection may be via a copper wire,
fiber optics, microwaves, infrared, and
communication satellites etc.
Contd…..
• Networks come in many sizes, shapes and forms
• They are usually connected together to make larger networks
• Internet is the most well-known example of a network of networks
Data Communication
• When we communicate, we are sharing information
• This sharing can be local or remote
• Between individuals, local communication usually occurs face to face,
while remote communication takes place over distance
Data Flow
• Communication between two devices can be
• Simplex
• Half-duplex
• Full-duplex
Simplex
Half-duplex
Full-duplex
Uses of Computer Networks
• Business Applications
o Client-Server Model
o Communication Medium
o Desktop Sharing
• Home Applications
• Mobile Users
• Social Issues
Network Criteria
• A network must be able to meet a certain number of criteria
• The most important of these are
o Performance
o Reliability
o Security
Physical Structures - Type of Connection
• A network is two or more devices connected through links
• A link is a communications pathway that transfers data from
one device to another
• There are two possible types of connections:
• Point-to-point
• Multipoint
Point-to-Point
• This connection provides a dedicated link between two devices
• The capacity of the link is reserved for transmission b/w those two devices
• Most point-to-point connections use an actual length of wire or cable to
connect the two ends, but other options, such as microwave or satellite
links, are also possible
• When you change television channels by infrared remote control, you are
establishing a point-to-point connection between the remote control and
the television's control system
Multipoint
• A multipoint (Multi-drop) connection is one in which more than two
specific devices share a single link In a multipoint environment
• The capacity of the channel is shared, either spatially or temporally
• If several devices can use the link simultaneously, it is a spatially
shared connection
Physical Topology
• Physical topology refers to the way in which a network is laid out physically
• Two or more devices connect to a link; two or more links form a topology.
• The topology of a network is the geometric representation of the
relationship of all the links and linking devices (usually called nodes) to one
another
• There are four basic topologies possible
• A line topology, a bus topology is a network setup in which each
computer and network device are connected to a single cable or
backbone
• Advantages of bus topologyIt works well when you have a small
network. It's the easiest network topology for connecting computers
or peripherals in a linear fashion. It requires less cable length than a
star topology
Types of Network based on size
• The types of network are classified based upon the size, the area it
covers and its physical architecture
• The three primary network categories are
o LAN (Local Area Network)
o WAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
o MAN (Wide Area Network)
• Each network differs in their characteristics such as distance,
transmission speed, cables and cost
LAN (Local Area Network)
• Group of interconnected computers within a small area
• Room, Building, Campus
• Two or more pc's can from a LAN to share files, folders, printers,
applications and other devices
• Coaxial or CAT 5 cables are normally used for connections
• Due to short distances, errors and noise are minimum
• Data transfer rate is 10 to 100 Mbps
• Private ownership by the user
• Not subject to regulation by the telecom services
• Example: A computer lab in a school
LAN (Local Area Network)
Coaxial or CAT 5 Cables
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
• MAN design to extend over a large area
• Connecting number of LAN's to form larger network, so that resources
can be shared
• Networks can be up to 5 to 50 km
• Owned by organization or individual
• Data transfer rate is low compare to LAN
• Example: Organization with different branches located in the city
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
WAN (Wide Area Network)
• Are country and worldwide network
• Contains multiple LAN's and MAN's
• Distinguished in terms of geographical range
• Uses satellites and microwave relays
• Data transfer rate depends upon the ISP and varies
over the location
• Best example is the internet
WAN (Wide Area Network)
Thank You .
s
Introduction
Module 4 - Syllabus
• Computer Networks: LAN, WAN; topologies; distributed data processing
and client/server computing
• Security of information resources; threats to information resources;
security systems for risk management – social and ethical issues of
information technology
Thank You .