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Raised Cosine Spectrum Analysis

The document discusses the raised cosine spectrum, which is used to overcome practical difficulties with increasing filter bandwidth. The raised cosine spectrum consists of a flat amplitude portion and a roll-off portion with a sinusoidal form. It is specified by a roll off factor α, which indicates excess bandwidth over the ideal Nyquist channel. Higher α values result in a more gradual cutoff compared to the ideal case, making it easier to implement in practice.

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453 views7 pages

Raised Cosine Spectrum Analysis

The document discusses the raised cosine spectrum, which is used to overcome practical difficulties with increasing filter bandwidth. The raised cosine spectrum consists of a flat amplitude portion and a roll-off portion with a sinusoidal form. It is specified by a roll off factor α, which indicates excess bandwidth over the ideal Nyquist channel. Higher α values result in a more gradual cutoff compared to the ideal case, making it easier to implement in practice.

Uploaded by

A J AY
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Raised Cosine Spectrum

Raised Cosine Spectrum

We may overcome the practical


difficulties encountered by increasing the bandwidth
of the filter.
Instead of using
1
p( f )  2W W f 
 0 W
| f | W
we use
 1 W  f
p( f )  p( f  2W )  P( f  2W ) 
 2W | f |
 0

F.1
-2W

-2W+f1 - f1. f1. 2W-f1

B varies from w to 2w
Raised Cosine Spectrum
The frequency characteristic consists of a flat
amplitude portion and a roll-off portion that has a
sinusoidal form. The pulse spectrum p(f) is specified
in terms of a roll off factor  as follows:

 1
 0  f  f1
2
 1  W W
f1  f  2W  f1
p( f )   1  sin( f 
4W 2W 2 f1 
 0 f  2W  f1


The frequency parameter f1 and bandwidth W are related
by
  1  f1 /W
F.3
Raised Cosine Spectrum

where  is the rolloff factor. It indicates the excess


bandwidth over the ideal solution (Nyquist channel)
where W=1/2Tb.

The transmission bandwidth is (1   )W

F.4
Raised Cosine Spectrum
The frequency response of  at 0, 0.5 and 1 are shown in
graph below. We observed that  at 1 and 0.5, the
function P(f) cutoff gradually as compared with the ideal
Nyquist channel and is therefore easier to implement in
practice.

F.5
Raised Cosine Spectrum
The time response p(t) is obtained as

cos(2Wt )
p(t)  (sin c(2Wt))(1  16 2W 2 t)
2

The function p(t) consists of two parts. The first part is a


sinc function that is exactly as Nyquist condition but the
second part is depended on . The tails is reduced if  is
approaching 1. Thus, it is insensitive to sampling time
errors.

F.6
Raised Cosine Spectrum

F.7

Raised Cosine Spectrum We may overcome the practical difficulties encountered by increasing the bandwidth of the filter. In
-2W -2W+f1 - f1.
Raised Cosine Spectrum The frequency characteristic consists of a flat amplitude portion and a roll-off portion that has a
Raised Cosine Spectrum F.4 where  is the rolloff factor. It indicates the excess bandwidth over the ideal solution (Nyquis
Raised Cosine Spectrum F.5 The frequency response of  at 0, 0.5 and 1 are shown in graph below. We observed that  at 1 an
Raised Cosine Spectrum F.6 The time response p(t) is obtained as 1  16 2W 2t 2 p(t)  (sin c(2Wt))( cos(2Wt) ) The funct
Raised Cosine Spectrum F.7

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