Conveyors or conveyor
system
introduction
• A conveyer system is a mechanical set-up which helps in the movement of
material(s) from one point to another.
• These are especially useful in transportation of heavy material inside the
manufacturing unit.
• Conveyers are commonly used in industries such
mining,agriculture,locomotives,food processing,aerospace,bottling and
canning,print finishing,packaging and at many more places.
why conveyers?
• Using conveyors heavy material or workpiece can be moved easily
• Workers are not forced to move ,thus preventing wastage of energy that
may happen due to physical movements
• Facilitates speedy production of product
• Easy automation is achieved
• Overall optimization of process,be it just simple transport or production.
Types of coveyor
• To perform variety of function various types of conveyors are
[Link] of them are-
• 1)belt conveyor(often called conveyor belt)
• 2)pneumatic conveyor
• 3)screw conveyer
• 4)vibrating
• 5)vertical
Belt conveyor
• Belt Conveyors are material handling systems that use
continuous belts to convey products or material. The
belt is extended in an endless loop between two end-
pulleys. Usually, one or both ends have a roll
underneath. The conveyor belting is supported by either
a metal slider pan for light loads where no friction
would be applied to the belt to cause drag on rollers.
Power is provided by motors that use either variable or
constant speed reduction gears
• The belts themselves can be made from numerous
materials, which should correspond to the conditions
under which the belt will be operating. Common
conveyor belting materials include rubber, plastic,
leather, fabric, and metal.
• Applications: assembly line,moving sidewalks(e.g
railway station),check out counter at shops.
Pneumatic conveyors
• Pneumatic/Vacuum Conveyors use air pressure or vacuum to transport materials from one
place to another.
• Pneumatic/vacuum conveyors are used primarily in materials handling applications such as
the transfer of powders, granules, flakes and other dry bulk solids materials.
Figure: Basic Mechanism of Pneumatic Conveyors
Figure: Positive and Negative Conveying
• Types of Pneumatic Conveyers: (1) Dilute Phase Conveyers
(2) Dense Phase Conveyers
• In dilute phase conveyers, high pressure is applied and the transportation velocity is low.
• In dense phase conveyers, low pressure is applied and the transportation velocity is high.
Screw conveyor
• Screw conveyors, sometimes known as spiral, worm, or auger conveyors use helical elements to
move materials. They consist of a helical screw element or steel auger that rotates around a
central shaft, driving the work material according to the screw design and rotational direction.
The helical screw functions within a casing, trough or compartment to take full advantage of the
rotational force. Manufacturers use screw conveyors to transport materials such as flakes, grains,
powders, seeds, and granules. Alternatively, these devices can be used to mix, agitate or blend
such materials, or to maintain solutions. They are used widely in agricultural applications, from
use in farm machinery like threshers and balers to factory-based grain and crop movers
Vibrating conveyors
• Vibrating Conveyors use rotary or linear
vibration to move material along their
system beds. Vibrating conveyors are used
for moving dry, bulk materials such
as aggregate, gravel, coal, etc. The bed of the
conveyor vibrates to move the material along
its length. The conveyor can be a trough, a
tube, or a flat table top. Many sizes are
available depending on the application.
Vertical conveyor
• Vertical Conveyors move products vertically
between levels of conveying lines. Key
specifications include the lift speed and maximum
load height. Vertical conveyors move material or
product to higher levels within a facility. They are
further classified as continuous lifting or
reciprocating. Various sizes and load capabilities are
available depending on the application.