Autoimmune Disorders
Auto Immune disease
Autoimmune disease :
An autoimmune disease is a condition in which your immune system mistakenly attacks
your bodThe immune system normally guards against germs like bacteria and viruses.
When it senses these foreign invaders, it sends out an army of fighter cells to attack them.
Normally, the immune system can tell the difference between foreign cells and your own
cells.
In an autoimmune disease, the immune system mistakes part of your body, like your joints
or skin, as foreign. It releases proteins called autoantibodies that attack healthy
[Link] autoimmune diseases target only one organ. Type 1 diabetes damages the
pancreas. Other diseases, like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), affect the whole body
Grave Disease
8. Graves’ disease
Graves’ disease attacks the thyroid gland in the neck, causing it to produce too much of its
hormones. Thyroid hormones control the body’s energy usage, known as metabolism.
Having too much of these hormones revs up your body’s activities, causing symptoms like
nervousness, a fast heartbeat, heat intolerance, and weight loss.
One potential symptom of this disease is bulging eyes, called exophthalmos. It can occur as a
part of what is called Graves’ ophthalmopathy, which occurs in around 30 percent of those who
have Graves’ disease, according to a 1993 studyTrusted Source
Sjögren’s syndrome
. Sjögren’s syndrome
This condition attacks the glands that provide lubrication to the eyes and mouth.
The hallmark symptoms of Sjögren’s syndrome are dry eyes and dry mouth, but it
may also affect the joints or skin.
Hashimoto thyroiditis
10. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
In Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, thyroid hormone production slows to a deficiency.
Symptoms include weight gain, sensitivity to cold, fatigue, hair loss, and swelling
of the thyroid (goiter).
Myasthenia gravis
Myasthenia gravis
Myasthenia gravis affects nerve impulses that help the brain control the muscles.
When the communication from nerves to muscles is impaired, signals can’t direct
the muscles to [Link] most common symptom is muscle weakness that gets
worse with activity and improves with rest. Often muscles that control eye
movements, eyelid opening, swallowing, and facial movements are involved.
Autoimmune vasculitis
12. Autoimmune vasculitis
Autoimmune vasculitis happens when the immune system attacks blood vessels.
The inflammation that results narrows the arteries and veins, allowing less blood
to flow through them.
Pernicious Anemia
13. Pernicious anemia
This condition causes deficiency of a protein, made by stomach lining cells, known
as intrinsic factor that is needed in order for the small intestine to absorb vitamin
B-12 from food. Without enough of this vitamin, one will develop an anemia, and
the body’s ability for proper DNA synthesis will be altered.
Pernicious anemia is more common in older adults. According to a 2012 study, it
affects 0.1 percent of people in general, but nearly 2 percent of people over age
60.
Ciliac Disease
14. Celiac disease
People with celiac disease can’t eat foods containing gluten, a protein found in wheat,
rye, and other grain products. When gluten is in the small intestine, the immune
system attacks this part of the gastrointestinal tract and causes inflammation.
A 2015 studyTrusted Source noted that celiac disease affects about 1 percent of
people in the United States. A larger number of people have reported gluten
sensitivity, which isn’t an autoimmune disease, but can have similar symptoms like
diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Shukriyaan