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How a Computer System Works

The computer needs input data to begin processing. The CPU contains a control unit that directs data flow and an arithmetic logic unit that performs calculations. The CPU uses registers for temporary storage, RAM for program and data storage, and cache to speed up access to frequently used RAM data. Buses connect the CPU to memory and input/output devices so the system can fetch data and instructions from memory, decode and execute them, and store the results.

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Emerson Gongora Jr
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18 views15 pages

How a Computer System Works

The computer needs input data to begin processing. The CPU contains a control unit that directs data flow and an arithmetic logic unit that performs calculations. The CPU uses registers for temporary storage, RAM for program and data storage, and cache to speed up access to frequently used RAM data. Buses connect the CPU to memory and input/output devices so the system can fetch data and instructions from memory, decode and execute them, and store the results.

Uploaded by

Emerson Gongora Jr
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HOW COMPUTER

SYSTEM WORKS
Instructor: Mr. Em Gongora Jr.
INPUT
The computer needs input data and commands in order
to work.
PROCESS
The CPU or microprocessor is where the process takes
place.
OUTPUT
Output is the result of the data processing.
PARTS OF THE CPU
CONTROL UNIT
It decodes the program instructions and directs where
the data should go.
ARITHMETIC LOGIC
UNIT (ALU)
Includes addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
The logic operation includes Boolean operation such as
AND, OR, XOR, and NOT.
REGISTERS
Are temporary storage areas that hold data and
instructions temporarily.
MEMORY OR RAM
It allows fast access but stores them only when the
computer is turned on and loses when computer is
turned off.
CACHE
Stores memory data and speeds up operation by making
recently accessed data immediately available to the
processor.
INPUT/OUTPUT
They allow the processor to communicate with the RAM,
hard disk, and other components.
SYSTEM CLOCK
The faster the clock rate, the faster is the processor in
processing instructions.
BUS
Buses are the three sets of wires used to connect the
CPU or microprocessor to CPU cache memory and
input/output devices.
MACHINE CYCLE
CPU does to process its operation; fetch, decode,
execute and store.
CYCLE
1. Fetch – is the process of getting instructions or data
from program memory (cache or RAM).
2. Decode – is the process of translating these
instructions or data that the CPU can understand and
execute.
3. Execute – is the process of carrying out the
command. The commands are executed or
performed either in arithmetic logic unit.
4. Store – is the process of writing the result to the
memory.

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