Solid Mensuration
Mr. Mark Jave C. Gualberto, RME
Lecturer I
Mensuration of Plane Figures
Plane Figures
Angles
Conversion of angle measures
Kind of Angles
Plane Figures
A point has position only, and has no length, width or thickness. A point is
represented by a dot.
. P
A line has indefinite length but no width or thickness. A line may be denoted by
any of two points or by a small letter. The Figure below shows line AB or line l
l
A B
Plane Figures
A ray is any portion of a line extending indefinitely to one side and bounded by one point.
O A
A straight line segment is a finite portion of a line bounded by two points.
A B
Line segments are said to be equal if they can be made to coincide. They are then said to have the same measure of length.
A line segment maybe regarded as directed from one endpoint to another.
A line segment can be extended indefinitely in both of its direction.
A straight line segment is the shortest line that can be drawn joining two
points.
A line segment is bisected when it is divided into two equal parts. The dividing
point is called midpoint of the line segment. This midpoint or any line containing it is
called a bisector of the line segment. A line segment has a unique midpoint.
The distance between two points is the length of the line segment joining the two points
Common point unit of length are the inch, foot, centimeter and meter.
Angles
An
angle is a figure formed by two rays with a common endpoint. The rays are called sides
and the common point the vertex of the angle.
The angle shown may be denoted as or C or
A
C
B
An angle may also be regarded as being generated by the rotation of a ray.
The initial and final position of such rotating ray are called initial and terminal sides
Of the angle generated. When the direction of rotation is considered the angle is said
to be directed. A directed angle is considered positive or negative according to the
rotation of the ray is counter clockwise or clockwise.
Angles
Two
angles are said to be equal if they can be made to coincide. They are then said to have the
same angular measure.
Common units of angular measure are the degree, radian and revolution, such that:
Conversion of angle measures
1 radian = revolution
1800 = radians
10 = radian
Also 10 = 60’
1’ = 60’’
Where
0 means degree, ‘ means minute, ‘’ seconds
Angles
Examples
1. Find the equivalent radian measurement for the angle having the degree
a. 1250
b. 600
Solution.
a. 1250 x rad = rad b. 600 x rad = rad
2. Find the equivalent degree measurement for the angle having the radian measurement
a. 2.5 rad
b. rad
Solution.
a. 2.5 rad x = b. rad x =
Angles
Adjacent angles are angles having a common vertex and a common side,
As shown in angles A and B
O
Two lines are perpendicular to each other if the adjacent angles formed by them are equal.
The figure shows
Angles
Kinds of Angles
1. A right angle is an angle formed by two perpendicular lines. A right angle is equal to 90 0
2. A straight angle is an angle whose sides lie in opposite directions on straight line.
A straight angle is equal to 1800
Angles
Kinds of Angles
3. A zero angle is formed by two coincident rays. A zero angle is equal to 00
4. An acute angle is an angle greater than zero angle and less than a right angle
Angles
Kinds of Angles
5. An obtuse angle is an angle greater than a right angle and less than a straight angle.
6. A reflex angle is an angle greater than straight angle and less than two straight angles.
End