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Circuit Analysis Techniques Overview

This document discusses foundational concepts in circuit analysis including: - Energy storage in electric and magnetic fields and energy dissipation - The relationship between circuit parameters like resistance, inductance and capacitance under steady-state and transient conditions - Modeling circuits using lumped parameters and examining their responses to disturbances - Analysis techniques like superposition, switching operations, and determining initial conditions for transient analysis

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Braulio Gutiérrez
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15 views15 pages

Circuit Analysis Techniques Overview

This document discusses foundational concepts in circuit analysis including: - Energy storage in electric and magnetic fields and energy dissipation - The relationship between circuit parameters like resistance, inductance and capacitance under steady-state and transient conditions - Modeling circuits using lumped parameters and examining their responses to disturbances - Analysis techniques like superposition, switching operations, and determining initial conditions for transient analysis

Uploaded by

Braulio Gutiérrez
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE NUEVO LEÓN

Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica

RLC- Foundations

Dra. Gina Idárraga Ospina


gidarraga@[Link]

Doctorado en Ingeniería Eléctrica


[Link]

Monterrey, N.L., México Septiembre, 2020


Energy concepts

• Electric field energy storage:

• Magnetic field energy storage:

• Energy dissipation:
Energy Balance
• Under steady-state conditions
– dc circuit – the energy stored is constant..
– ac circuit – the energy is being transferred cyclically between
the L’s and C’s of the circuit.

• Sudden changes in a circuit causes a redistribution of


energy
– energy redistribution cannot take place instantaneously.

– change in the magnetic field requires a change in current, but is


opposed by the induced emf:

– change in the electric field requires a change in the charge or


the voltage, but is opposed by the flow of current:
Circuit Modeling
• set down the differential or algebraic equations
– use Kirchhoff’s voltage and current laws
• example:
– switch closing
Circuit Modeling
Circuit Modeling
Circuit Modeling
Relevant aspects

• Circuit parameters: R, L, and C


 all components and devices have all three parameters
 these attribute differ to a greater or lesser degree
 under steady-state conditions, one will dominate
 in transient conditions the conditions are very different

• lumped vs. distributed parameters


 in reality, parameters are distributed in nature
 in circuit analysis, we frequently lump the parameters for
ease of analysis
 under many conditions, good analysis requires using
distributed parameters
Lumped Parameter Modeling
Lump Circuit Characteristics
• Three basic circuit types
Lump Circuit Characteristics

• the only kind of response that is evoked when a linear


electric circuit comprising lumped elements is
disturbed takes the form of exponential functions or
combinations of exponential functions with real or
imaginary components (sine or cosine functions)

• for circuits with more elements, the responses may be


more complicated but they are no more complex
Superposition
• Very powerful tool for solving problems
 in a linear system, if a stimulus S1 produces a response
R1 and a stimulus S2 produces a response R2, then S1
and S2 applied simultaneously will evoke a response
R1+R2

• Switching operations
 an event in which a new path for current is created or an
existing path is eliminated
 including faults, circuit breaker operations, and lightning strikes
 transients are a response to switching operations
Superposition and Switches
• Example
• opening a switch
Analysis Techniques
• In this section we apply our tried and tested
analysis tools and techniques to perform
transient circuit analyses
– KVL, KCL, Ohm’s Law
– Voltage and Current division
– Loop/mesh and Nodal analyses
– Superposition
– Source Transformation
– Thevenin’s and Norton’s Theorems
Transient Analysis
• We must also find the initial conditions

Element DC Steady-State

Capacitor I = 0; open circuit

Inductor V = 0; short circuit

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