HYDEL POWER
MEANING, REVIEW AND EXPLAINATION
- BY ANIRUDH AND ABHISHEK
INDEX
1. Introduction
2. Meaning
3. Explanation
4. Hydel power plants (In India)
5. Review
6. Pro's and Con's
7. Post-word
INTRODUCTION AND MEANING
The electricity or electrical energy generated from water (in
motion) is called hydro-electricity or Hydel power. Hydel
power is produced from the energy released from the
flowing or falling water, collected and converted by turbines
fixed in rives and water falls. Hydel power is a non-renewal
source of energy, but it is considered as a conventional
source of energy.
INTRODUCTION AND MEANING
INTRODUCTION AND MEANING
EXPLANATION
Because the source of hydel power is water, hydel power plants
are usually located on or near a water source. The volume of
the water flow and the change in elevation or fall, and often
referred to as head from one point to another determine the
amount of available energy in moving water. In general, the
greater the water flow and the higher the head, the more
electricity a hydro power plant can produce.
EXPLANATION (mechanism of production plants)
Hydro power plants capture the energy of falling
water to generate electricity. A turbine converts the
kinetic energy of falling water into mechanical
energy. Then a generator converts the mechanical
energy from the turbine into electrical energy.
Most conventional hydroelectric plants include four
major components :
EXPLANATION (mechanism of production plants)
1. Dam:- Raises the water level of the river to create
falling water. Also controls the flow of water. The
reservoir that is formed is, in effect, stored energy.
2. Turbine:- The force of falling water pushing against
the turbine's blades causes the turbine to spin.
The energy is provided by falling water. The
turbine converts the kinetic energy of falling water
into mechanical energy.
EXPLANATION (mechanism of production plants)
[Link]:- Connected to the turbine by shafts and
gears so when the turbine spins it causes the
generator to spin also. Converts the mechanical
energy from the turbine into electric energy.
[Link] lines:- Conduct electricity from the
hydro power plant to homes and business.
EXPLANATION (mechanism of production plants)
Hydel power plants (In India)
1. Sidrapong Hydel Power Station
It is located in Arya tea garden, West Bengal and is the oldest hydel
power station or hydroelectric power plant in India. Commissioned
on 10 November 1897, its original capacity was 2*65 kW, which was
expanded in phases for increased demands to a total 1000 kW in
1916. Having reached the limit of the water supply, the machinery
was replaced in 1931 for more-efficient triple-phase transmission.
The station uses water from the 'jhoras' Kotwali and other rivers
channeled through a network of flumes to reservoirs, then passed
down 220-metre pen stocks to the generators.
Hydel power plants (In India)
Hydel power plants (In India)
2. Shivanasamudra Falls Hydroelectric Power Plant
Shivanasamudra Falls is a waterfall in Mandya District of the state of
Karnataka, India. It is situated along the river Kaveri, which forms
here the boundary to the Mandya, and is the location of one of the
first hydro-electric power stations in Asia, which was set up in
[Link] project was designed by Diwan Sheshadri Iyer.
As India's second hydro-electric power station, it is located at the
waterfall and is still functional. The power generated here was
initially used in Kolar Gold Fields, but now the power produced there
is used for domestic purposes.
Hydel power plants (In India)
Hydel power plants (In India)
2. Sumera Hydroelectric Power Plant
Sumera Hydroelectric Power Plant is one of the oldest hydroelectric
power plants or hydel power stations in India. It is located at Sumera
Dariyapur in Jawan Sikandarpur of Aligarh District, Uttar
Pradesh,India. Sumera Hydroelectric Power Plant was established
by the British in 1931. The electricity generated from this plant was
sufficient for the small population of Aligarh at that time. Its power
capacity was 2,000 kW. Currently the Sumera Hydroelectric Power
Plant is not operational.
At present Sumera Hydroelectric Power Plant is abandoned.
Hydel power plants (In India)
Review
The basic principle of the hydro power generation is
impulse momentum. Water potential is converted into the
mechanical energy by rotating the turbine and mechanical
energy is further converted into the electrical energy by
using generator. In 2015, the Indian government stopped
categorising hydel projects larger than 25 MW as
renewable. India has 4,500 MW of hydel projects with a
capacity of less than 25 MW each. The govt has estimated
the country's hydropower potential is (more than 25 MW) at
over 1,45,000 MW.
Pro's and Con's
Pro's :-
1. Renewable
Hydroelectric energy is renewable. This means that we
cannot use it up completely. However, there’s only a limited
number of suitable reservoirs where hydroelectric power
plants can be built and even less places where such
projects are profitable.
Pro's and Con's
2. Green
Generating electricity with hydro
energy is not polluting itself. The only pollution occurs
during the construction of these massive power plants.
3. Reliable
Hydroelectricity is very reliable energy. There are very little
fluctuations in terms of the electric power that is being by
the plants, unless a different output is desired. Countries
that have large resources of hydropower use
hydroelectricity as a base load energy source.
Pro's and Con's
4. Flexible
As previously mentioned, adjusting water flow and output of
electricity is easy. At times where power consumption is low,
water flow is reduced and the magazine levels are being
conserved for times when the power consumption is high.
5. Safe
Compared to among others fossil fuels and nuclear energy,
hydroelectricity is much safer. There is no fuel involved
(other than water).
Pro's and Con's
Con's :-
1. Environmental Consequences
The environmental consequences of hydropower are
related to interventions in nature due to damming of
water, changed water flow and the construction of
roads and power lines. They may affect fish
population in the place where they are constructed.
Pro's and Con's
More user interests related to exploitation of fish species,
which says that this is a field that many have strong
opinions on. Draining water there would be completely
devastating to the fish population. Beyond this, the amount
of water may have different effects on the fish in a river,
depending on the type and stage of the life cycle. Not all
unregulated river systems are optimal in terms of fish
production, because of large fluctuations in flow.
Pro's and Con's
2. Expensive
Building power plants in general is expensive. Hydroelectric
power plants are not an exception to this. On the other
hand, these plants do not require a lot of workers and
maintenance costs are usually low.
3. Droughts
Electricity generation and energy prices are directly related
to how much water is available. A drought could potentially
Pro's and Con's
affect this.
4. Limited Reservoirs
We have already started using up suitable reservoirs for
hydroelectric power plants. There are currently about 30
major power plants that are expected to generate more than
2.000 MW under construction. Only one of these projects
was started in the last two years.
Post-word
Finally this assignment has reached its end. However this
assignment was attempted only because of the
encouragement given by our geography teacher, that is
you. So we would like to thank you for giving such a nice
topic for an assignment. Although we couldn't explain
neither every hydel power plant nor their details completely
in such a small assignment. But we have given the best that
we could do in this assignment. So,
-THANK YOU