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Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied
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DISCUSSION
Lesson 2
The Professionals and
Practitioners in the Discipline
of Counseling
“Counseling
is a helping
profession.”
ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF
COUNSELORS
Individual Assessment
Seeks to identify the characteristics and
potential of every client; promotes the client’s
self-understanding and assisting counselors
to understand the client better.
Individual Counseling
Considers as the core activity through
which other activities become meaningful. It is
a client –centered process that demand
confidentiality. Relationship is established
between counselor and client.
Group Counseling and
Guidance
Groups are means of providing organized
and planned assistance to individuals for an
array of needs. Counselor provides
assistance through group counseling and
group guidance.
Career Assistance
Counselors are called on to provide career
planning and adjustment assistance to
clients.
Placements and Follow –Up
A service of school counseling programs
with emphasis on educational placements in
course and programs.
Referral
It is the practice of helping the clients find
needed expert assistance that the referring
counselor cannot provide.
Consultation
It is the process of helping a client through a
third party or helping system improve its service
to its clientele.
Research
It is necessary to advance the profession of
counseling; it can provide empirically based
data relevant to the ultimate goal of
implementing effective counseling.
Evaluation and Accountability
⮚Evaluation is a means of assessing the
effectiveness of counselor’s activities.
⮚Accountability is an outgrowth of demand
that schools and other tax-supported
institutions be held accountable for their
actions.
Prevention
This includes promotion of mental health
through primary prevention using a social –
psychological perspective.
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES AND
AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION OF
COUNSELORS
Child and Adolescent
Marriage and Family Counseling
Counseling is a developing area of expertise in
counseling profession. The
refers to the efforts to counseling strategies focus on
establish an encouraging helping children and adolescents
relationship with couple or acquire coping skills through
promotion of resiliency, positive
family and appreciate the attachment relationship, emotional
complications in the family and intellectual intelligence, and
system other qualities that promote
optional development.
Group Counseling
is the dynamic field in the counseling profession. Group counseling as a
practice can be located in most counseling programs and becomes the essential
part of counselor’s system. Group counseling offers the following:
✔ Opportunities for members to learn from observing other group members.
✔ Can functions as helpers and helps.
✔ Opportunities to discover that others have similar concerns.
✔ Members are encouraged to offer help to others.
✔ Opportunities to enhance interpersonal skills.
✔ The therapeutic climate created similar as the client’s family origin.
Mental Health Counseling
Career Counseling is manifested in the challenges
is an evolving and posed by its clientele with
mental disorders. Mental
challenging counseling disorders include serious
field. This type of depression, schizophrenia, and
counseling aids substance abuse. Mental health
counselors have to be
individual on decisions inventive, and creative to
and planning concerning address these problems. The
their career. job requires patience, humility,
kindness and compassion.
School Counseling
refers to the process of reaching out students with
concerns on drugs, family and peers or gang involvement.
The job requires sensitivity to individual differences and
considers diversity in enhancing educational perspective.
The job requires skills on consultation, counseling’s
exceptional students and with the ability to handle
problems such as drug abuse, teenage pregnancy, divorced
or single parents, dropping out of school.
RESPONSIBILITIES, AND
ACCOUNTABILITIES OF
COUNSELORS
As state registered and licensed professionals,
counselors are protected. They are governed by
scientific theories, practices, and processes as well
as professional standards and ethics. They are
responsible for the practice of their profession in
accordance with their mandates and professional
guidelines and ethics. They are accountable to their
clients, the professional body, and the government.
(Peterson & Nisenholz, 1987).
The code of ethics of the counselors is divided
into seven sections, namely:
(a)counseling relationship
(b)Confidentiality
(c)professional responsibility
(d)relationships with other professionals
(e)evaluation, assessment, and interpretation
(f)teaching ,training and supervision
(g)research and publication
(Gladding , 2000)
FOCUS
SECTIONS
✔Counseling relationships
✔Confidentiality
✔Professional responsibility
The Counseling
Relationships
1. Client welfare
Counselor’s primary responsibility is to
respect the dignity and promote the welfare of
clients. They are also expected to encourage
client’s growth. Counselors and clients are
expected to work together in crafting individual
counseling plans consistent with the client’s
circumstances.
2. Respecting Diversity
Counselors do not engage in discrimination
based on age, color, culture, disability, ethnic
group, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation,
marital status and socio economic status.
Counselors shall respect differences and
understand the diverse cultural backgrounds of
their clients.
3. Client Rights
Counselors shall disclose the purposes, goals,
techniques, procedures, limitations, potential risks,
benefits of the services to be performed and other
pertinent information to the client throughout the
counseling process. Counselors offer clients the
freedom to choose whether to enter into a counseling
relationship and determine which professional will
provide counseling, except when the client is unable
to give consent.
4. Clients Served by others
In cases where the client is receiving services
from another mental health professional, with
clients consent, inform the professional person
already involved to develop an agreement.
5. Personal Needs and values
Maintain the clients and avoid actions that
seek to meet their personal needs at the
expense of the clients. Counselors shall be
aware of their values, attitudes, beliefs, and
behavior and how these apply in a diverse
society and avoid imposing their values on
clients.
6. Dual Relationships
Counselors are aware of their influential
position over their clients avoid the exploiting
the trust and dependency of the clients.
Counselors should not accept as superiors or
subordinates clients’.
7. Sexual Intimacies with Clients
Counselors should not have any type of sexual
intimacies with clients and do not counsel
persons with whom they have sexual
relationship. Counselors should not also engage
with sexual intimacies with their former clients
within a minimum of two years.
8. Multiple Clients
In cases where counselors agree to provide
counseling services to two or more persons who
have a relationship, counselors clarify at the
outset which person or persons are clients and
the nature of relationship they will have with
each other involved person.
9. Group Work
Counselors screen prospective group
counseling/therapy participants to determine
those with compatible needs. In group setting,
counselors take reasonable precautions to
protect clients from physical or psychological
trauma.
10. Fees
Prior to entering the counseling relationship,
the counselors clearly explain the clients all
financial arrangements related to professional
fees.
Confidentiality
1. Right to Privacy
• Counselors respect a client’s right to privacy and avoid illegal and
unwarranted disclosures of unwarranted information.
• The right to privacy may be waived by the clients or their legally
recognized representative.
• The general requirement that the counselors keep the information
confidential does not apply when disclosure is required to prevent clear
and imminent danger to the client or others or when legal requirements
demand that confidential information is be revealed.
• Counselors who received information confirming that a client has a
disease known to be communicable and fatal is justified in disclosing
information to an identifiable third party, who by his/her relationship
with the client is at high risk of contracting the disease.
• When court orders the counselors to release confidential information
without client’s permit, counselors request to the court that the
disclosure should not be required due to potential harm to client or
counseling relationship.
2. Group and Families
• In group work, counselors clearly define
confidentiality and parameters for the specific
group being entered, explain its importance,
and discuss difficulties related to
confidentiality involved in group work.
• In family counseling, information about one
family cannot be disclosed to another member
without permission.
3. Minor Incompetent client
When counseling clients who are minors or
individuals who are unable to give voluntary,
informed consent, parents or guardians may be
included in the counseling process as
appropriate.
4. Records
• Counselors maintain necessary records for rendering professional services to
their clients and as required by laws, regulations, or agency or institution
procedures.
• Counselors are responsible for securing safety and confidentiality of any
counseling record they create, maintain, transfer, or destroy whether the
records are written, taped, computerized, or stored in any other medium.
• Counselors recognized that counseling records are kept for the benefits of
the clients therefore provide access to record and copies of record when
requested by competent clients unless it contains information that may be
misleading or detrimental to the clients.
• Counselors obtain written permission from clients to disclose or transfer
records to legitimate third parties unless exception to confidentiality exists.
5. Research and Training
Use of data derived from counseling
relationships for purposes of training, research,
or publication is confined to content that is
disguised to ensure the anonymity of the
individuals involved. Identification of the client
involved is permissible only when the client has
reviewed the material and has agreed to its
presentation or publication.
6. Consultation
Information obtained in consulting
relationship is discussed for professional
purposes only with persons clearly concerned
with the case. Before sharing information,
counselors make efforts to ensure that there
defined policies that effectively protect the
confidentiality of information with other
agencies serving the counselors clients.
Professional
Responsibility
[Link] Knowledge
Counselors have a responsibility to read,
understand, and follow the Code of Ethics and
Standards of Practice
2. Professional Competence
• Counselors practice only within the boundaries of their competence based on
their education, training, supervised experience, state and national
professional credentials and appropriate professional experience. Counselors
will demonstrate a commitment to gain knowledge, personal awareness,
sensitivity, and skills pertinent to working with diverse client population.
• Counselors practice specialty areas new with to them only after appropriate
education, training, and supervised experience. While developing skills in new
specialty area, counselors take step to ensure the competence of their work
and to protect other from possible harm.
• Counselors accept employment only for positions which they are qualified by
education, training, supervise experience, state and national professional
credentials, and appropriate professional experience.
• Counselors continually monitor their effectiveness as professionals and take
steps to improve their skills and knowledge.
• Counselors refrain from offering or accepting professional services when their
physical, mental, or emotional problems are like to harm clients or others.
ANY QUESTIONS
OR
CLARIFICATION?
Thank you for
listening