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Philippines Water Resources Overview

The Philippines' main water resources come from rivers, lakes, river basins, and groundwater reservoirs. The longest river is the Cagayan River, which discharges over 53 billion cubic meters annually. There are 4 major groundwater reservoirs and over 800 dams used mainly for water storage, supply, irrigation, flood regulation, and hydropower. In 2000, 28.52 billion cubic meters of water was withdrawn in the Philippines, with 74% used for agriculture, 9% for industry, and 17% for domestic use. Agricultural water management focuses on irrigation, with half of irrigable land having facilities and different entities operating irrigation systems. Water-intensive industries are located in regions around Manila and use water in manufacturing,

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19 views14 pages

Philippines Water Resources Overview

The Philippines' main water resources come from rivers, lakes, river basins, and groundwater reservoirs. The longest river is the Cagayan River, which discharges over 53 billion cubic meters annually. There are 4 major groundwater reservoirs and over 800 dams used mainly for water storage, supply, irrigation, flood regulation, and hydropower. In 2000, 28.52 billion cubic meters of water was withdrawn in the Philippines, with 74% used for agriculture, 9% for industry, and 17% for domestic use. Agricultural water management focuses on irrigation, with half of irrigable land having facilities and different entities operating irrigation systems. Water-intensive industries are located in regions around Manila and use water in manufacturing,

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Mia Lista
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PHILIPPINES

WATER RESOURCES
REGIONS
Escoto Raeniel D.
BSCE-V
(Magbabasa lang)
Water Resources
are natural resources of water that are potentially useful.
Uses of water include agricultural, industrial,
household, recreational and environmental activities.
All living things require water to grow and reproduce.
The Philippines main sources of water are rivers, lakes,
river basins, and groundwater reservoirs. The longest
and largest river, Cagayan River, discharges
approximately 53, 943 million cubic meters of water
annually. Its groundwater reserves are 47, 895 million
cubic meters replenished by rainfall and seepage from
rivers and lakes. The lakes are utilized mainly for fish
cultivation.
The four major groundwater reservoirs are in Cagayan,
Central Luzon, Agusan, and Cotabato. There are 438
major dams and 423 smaller dams. Dams and
reservoirs are mainly used for: water storage, water
supply, irrigation, regulation of flood, and hydropower.
The Manila metropolitan area water is mostly supplied
by the Angat Dam, Ipo Dam, and La Mesa Dam (also
known as Angat-Ipo-La Mesa water system).
Water Use
28.52 billion m³ of water was withdrawn from various
sources in the Philippines in 2000: 74% (21.10 billion
m³) was used for agricultural purposes, 9% (2.57 billion
m³) for industrial processes, and 17% (4.85 billion m³)
for domestic consumption.
Agricultural
Agricultural water management in the Philippines primarily focuses on
the subject of irrigation. The country has 3.126 million hectares of
irrigable land, 50% (1.567 million hectares) of which already has
irrigation facilities. 50% of irrigated areas are developed and operated
by the government through the National Irrigation System (NIS). 36% is
developed by the government and operated by irrigators’ associations
through the Communal Irrigation System, while the remaining 14% is
developed and operated by individual or small groups of farmers
through a Private Irrigation System (PIS).
Industrial
The use of water for industrial purposes include the "utilization of
water in factories, industrial plants and mines, and the use of water as
an ingredient of a finished product."Industries that are found to be
water-intensive are involved in the manufacturing of food and dairy,
pulp and chemical products, and textile materials. These industries are
usually found in the National Capital Region, CALABARZON, and Region
III. In a study by the United Nations Industrial Development
Organization (UNIDO) in 1999, the intensive use of water in industry is
critical in terms of the production of hazardous wastes. Thousands of
tons solvent wastes, heavy metals, lubricants, and intractable wastes
are improperly disposed of annually in Metro Manila.
Domestic
According to a study by David and Inocencio, the medium of
water provision is dependent on the income class of a certain
household. Higher income brackets usually rely on private
waterworks as a source of water, while lower income brackets
usually consume less by depending on vended water (sold by
those who have access to private waterworks). Lower income
households pay much higher water prices than higher income
households because of their lack of access to water service
providers.
RIVERS BASINS
LAKES
GROUND WATER

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