Business Research Methods
Preparation of Research Proposal
Definition
• It is a layout of the planned research activity
• It describes
-background
-research problem
-approach,
-research design
-method of data collection ,analysis & reporting.
- cost estimate
-time schedule for completion
-appendices
Background
• The background to the problem including
the relevant context should be discussed
Problem Definition /objectives
• A statement of problem including specific
components should be presented
• If it has not been developed objectives
should be clearly specified
• Questions
- What is the purpose of the study?
- How much is already known?
- Is additional background information
necessary?
Approach to the problem
• A review of relevant literature should be presented
• Some kind of analytical model should be presented
• If research questions & hypothesis have been
formed then these should be included
• Questions
- What is to be measured? How?
- Can the data be made available?
- What types of questions need to be answered
- Can a hypothesis be formulated?
Research Design
• Research design adopted (Exploratory, Descriptive or
Causal) should be specified
• Questions
- What kind of information is to be obtained ?
- How should experimental manipulations be made?
- What is the method of administering questionnaire? (mail,
telephone, personal, electronic)
- Which Scaling techniques will be used ?
- What is the nature of questionnaire ?(type of questions
asked ,length, average interviewing time)
- Sampling plan & sample size
Basic Questions -
Selection of Sample
• Who or what is the source of the data?
• Can the target population be identified?
• Is a sample necessary?
• How accurate must the sample be?
• Is a probability sample necessary?
• Is a national sample necessary?
• How large a sample is necessary?
• How will the sample be selected?
Field Work /Data Collection
• Method of data collection
• Control mechanism to ensure quality
• Questions
- Who will gather the data? (Sub contract)
- How long will data gathering take?
- How much supervision is needed?
- What operational procedures need to be
followed?
Data Analysis
• Kind of data analysis that will be conducted
( Cross tabulation , Univariate, Multivariate)
• Dummy tables
• Questions
-Will standardized editing and coding procedures be
used?
- How will the data be categorized?
- What statistical software will be used?
- What questions need to be answered?
- How many variables are to be investigated
simultaneously?
Reporting
• Intermediate reports to be prepared & stages
• Form of final report
• Questions
- Who will read the report?
- Are managerial recommendations requested?
- How many presentations are required?
- What will be the format of the written report?
Cost & Time
• Cost of project & time schedule
• CPM or PERT chart may be included
• Questions
-How much will the study cost?
-Is the time frame acceptable?
-Is outside help needed?
-Will this research design attain the stated research
objectives?
-When should the research be scheduled to begin?
Appendices
• Any statistical or other information that is
of interest to only a few people
• Representations of the actual tables that will
be in the findings section of the final report;
used to gain a better understanding of what
the actual outcomes of the research will be.
Content of d project
Executive summary
-Table of Contents
-Introduction
- Research objectives
- Research Methodolgy
- Analysis
- Findings
-Limitations
- Recommendations
- Bibliography