Question 1
1) core
The visible light we see 2) corona
from our Sun comes 3) photosphere
from which part? 4) chromosphere
5) convection zone
Question 1
1) core
The visible light we see 2) corona
from our Sun comes 3) photosphere
from which part? 4) chromosphere
5) convection zone
The photosphere is a
relatively narrow layer below
the chromosphere and
corona, with an average
temperature of about 6000 K.
Question 2
1) a comet.
The density of the
2) Jupiter.
Sun is most
3) the Earth.
similar to that of
4) interstellar gas.
5) an asteroid.
Question 2
1) a comet.
The density of the
2) Jupiter.
Sun is most
3) the Earth.
similar to that of
4) interstellar gas.
5) an asteroid.
The Sun is a ball of
charged gas, without a
solid surface.
Jupiter has a similar
composition, but not
enough mass to be a
star.
Question 3
1) gravity balances forces from pressure.
The Sun is
2) the rate of fusion equals the rate of fission.
stable as a
3) radiation and convection balance.
star because
4) mass is converted into energy.
5) fusion doesn’t depend on temperature.
Question 3
1) gravity balances forces from pressure.
The Sun is
2) the rate of fusion equals the rate of fission.
stable as a
3) radiation and convection balance.
star because
4) mass is converted into energy.
5) fusion doesn’t depend on temperature.
The principle of
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
explains how stars
maintain their stability.
Question 4
1) carbon (C) into oxygen (O)
The proton–proton cycle
2) helium (He) into carbon (C)
involves what kind of
3) hydrogen (H) into helium (He)
fusion process?
4) neon (Ne) into silicon (Si)
5) oxygen (O) into iron (Fe)
Question 4
1) carbon (C) into oxygen (O)
The proton–proton cycle
2) helium (He) into carbon (C)
involves what kind of
3) hydrogen (H) into helium (He)
fusion process?
4) neon (Ne) into silicon (Si)
5) oxygen (O) into iron (Fe)
In the P-P cycle, four
Hydrogen nuclei
(protons) fuse into one
Helium nucleus,
releasing gamma rays
and neutrinos.
Question 5
If a neutrino can escape 1) minutes
from the solar core 2) hours
within minutes, then 3) months
how long does it take a 4) hundreds of years
photon to escape? 5) about a million years
Question 5
If a neutrino can escape 1) minutes
from the solar core 2) hours
within minutes, then 3) months
how long does it take a 4) hundreds of years
photon to escape? 5) about a million years
Gamma ray photons are
absorbed and re-emitted
continuously in the layers
above the core.
They gradually shift in
spectrum to visible and
infrared light at the
photosphere.
Question 6
What is probably 1) a higher rate of fusion
responsible for the 2) the Sun’s magnetism
increase in temperature 3) higher radiation pressures
of the corona far from 4) absorption of X-rays
the Sun’s surface? 5) convection currents
Question 6
What is probably 1) the higher rate of fusion
responsible for the 2) the Sun’s magnetism
increase in temperature 3) higher radiation pressures
of the corona far from 4) absorption of X-rays
the Sun’s surface? 5) convection currents
Apparently the Sun’s
magnetic field acts like a
pump to increase the
speeds of particles in
the upper corona.
Question 7
1) every 27 days, the apparent rotation
The number of period of the Sun’s surface.
sunspots and solar 2) once a year.
activity in general 3) every 5 ½ years.
peaks 4) every 11 years.
5) approximately every 100 years.
Question 7
1) every 27 days, the apparent rotation
The number of period of the Sun’s surface.
sunspots and solar 2) once a year.
activity in general 3) every 5 ½ years.
peaks 4) every 11 years.
5) approximately every 100 years.
The sunspot cycle shows a consistent 11-year pattern of
activity dating back more than 300 years.
Question 8
1) cannot explain how the Sun is stable.
The “Solar 2) detect only one-third the number of
Neutrino Problem” neutrinos expected by theory.
refers to the fact 3) cannot detect neutrinos easily.
that astronomers 4) are unable to explain how neutrinos
oscillate between other types.
5) cannot create controlled fusion
reactions on Earth.
Question 8
1) cannot explain how the Sun is stable.
The “Solar 2) detect only one-third the number of
Neutrino Problem” neutrinos expected by theory.
refers to the fact 3) cannot detect neutrinos easily.
that astronomers 4) are unable to explain how neutrinos
oscillate between other types.
5) cannot create controlled fusion
reactions on Earth.
Further experiments have
shown that solar neutrinos
can change into other types
that were not initially
detected.