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Characteristics of Stars Explained

Stars come in different colors, sizes, and brightness. The sun is a medium-sized yellow star that is the closest star to Earth. While some stars appear small from Earth, they can be vastly larger than our sun - for example, Betelgeuse is over 1,400,000 km in diameter. Distance is also measured in light-years, with Proxima Centauri being the second closest star at 4.3 light-years away. A star's color corresponds to its temperature, with red stars being the coolest and blue stars being the hottest.

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42 views13 pages

Characteristics of Stars Explained

Stars come in different colors, sizes, and brightness. The sun is a medium-sized yellow star that is the closest star to Earth. While some stars appear small from Earth, they can be vastly larger than our sun - for example, Betelgeuse is over 1,400,000 km in diameter. Distance is also measured in light-years, with Proxima Centauri being the second closest star at 4.3 light-years away. A star's color corresponds to its temperature, with red stars being the coolest and blue stars being the hottest.

Uploaded by

VanessaM.Dimayuga
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

STARS

Stars are giant balls of


hot gases
 Stars differ in color,
brightness and size.
 Sun is an example of a star.
 Stars are measured in
diameters.
 Some stars are so large, yet
cannot be seen by our naked eyes
because they are too far away.
 Sun is an average size star and is
the closest star to the earth, that
is why we can see it.
 The earth is too small compared
to the sun. The sun is more than
one million times larger than the
earth.
SIZES OF STARS
The table below shows the sizes of some
stars.
STAR SIZE (DIAMETER IN KM)
Sun 1,392,000
Capella 16,704,000
Arcturus 36,000,000
Antares 1,200,000,000
Betelgeuse 1,400,000,000
BRIGHTNESS OF STARS
Some stars are brighter than the others.
A star which is too far away may look dim
when actually it is very bright.
• Apparent magnitude is a measure of
the brightness of a star as seen from
the earth. It is used to describe the
estimated brightness of a star.
• Stars that appear to be the
brightest have an apparent
magnitude of 1 while the
dimmest star that can be seen
without the help of a telescope
on a clear night have an
apparent magnitude of 6.
BRIGHTNESS OF STARS
The table below shows the list of stars and their
apparent magnitude.
STAR APPARENT MAGNITUDE
Aldebaran .85
Rigel .12
Capella .08
Sirius -1.46
Sun -26.74
Polaris 1.97
 Polaris or North Star is the
brightest star in the
constellation Ursa Minor.
 Polaris or North Star is
commonly used by people as a
point of reference during early
times.
DISTANCE OF STARS
 The star nearest to the Earth is Sun. it is about
150,000,000 kilometers away from the earth.
 Distance of the stars are measured in terms of
light-year.
 A light-year is the distance light travel in one
year. One light-year is about ten trillion
kilometers.
 The second closest star to the earth is Proxima
Centauri, which is 4.3 light-years away.
DISTANCE OF STARS
The table below shows the list of stars and their
apparent magnitude.
STAR DISTANCE (LIGHT-YEAR)
Proxima Centauri 4.3
Sirius 8.8
Vega 26
Betelgeuse 300
Deneb 1,600
COLOR AND TEMPERATURE OF STARS
 The color of a star determines the temperature
of the star.
STAR COLOR TEMPERATURE (0C)
Betelgeuse Red 3,000
Arcturus Orange 4,000
Sun Yellow 6,000
Vega White 10,000
Rigel Blue 20,000
COLOR AND TEMPERATURE OF STARS
 Red stars are the coolest stars.
 Blue stars are the hottest stars.

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