ELECTROMAGNETIC
ELEVATOR
AIM
Toconstruct an electromagnetic
elevator.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
Steel ring
Insulated Copper wires
Aluminium tin
Regulator
Power source
ABOUT THIS EXPERIMENT…..
In this experiment we will be attempting to
levitate a aluminium tin can(which is the
elevator) by using the principle of
electromagnetic induction.
First let us know what is levitation…….
WHAT IS LEVITATION ?
Levitation is the process by which an object is held aloft,
without mechanical support, in a stable position.
Levitation is accomplished by providing an upward force that
counteracts the pull of gravity (in relation to gravity on earth),
plus a smaller stabilizing force that pushes the object toward a
home position whenever it is a small distance away from that
home position. The force can be a fundamental force such as
magnetic or electrostatic, or it can be a reactive force such as
optical, buoyant, aerodynamic, or hydrodynamic.
Levitation excludes floating at the surface of a liquid because
the liquid provides direct mechanical support. Levitation
excludes hovering flight by insects, hummingbirds, helicopters,
rockets, and balloons because the object provides its own
counter-gravity force.
PRINCIPLE
Electromagnetic elevator works on the
principle of levitation based on
electromagnetic induction.
Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction
according to which the amount of voltage
induced in a coil is proportional to the number
of turns and the changing magnetic field of the
coil.
e = N × dΦdt
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
The induction of an electromotive force by
the motion of a conductor across a magnetic
field or by a change in magnetic flux in a
magnetic field is called ‘Electromagnetic
Induction’.
This either happens when a conductor is set
in a moving magnetic field or when a
conductor is always moving in a stationary
magnetic field.
EDDY CURRENTS
Eddy currents (also called Foucault's currents) are loops of electrical
current induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field in the
conductor according to Faraday's law of induction. Eddy currents flow
in closed loops within conductors, in planes perpendicular to the
magnetic field.
CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
A steel ring of diameter 4.5 cm is taken. A copper coil is wound over
the steel ring in clockwise direction horizontal to the plane.
When an AC current is passed through the coil a varying magnetic field
is generated due to electromagnetic induction.
Now an aluminium tin is brought above the copper wounded steel ring
;eddy current is induced inside the aluminium tin due to varying
magnetic field.
This eddy current produces another magnetic field whose direction is
opposite to the magnetic field induced by the coil and thus a
repulsion is produced.
Since the repulsion is not balanced we introduce another steel ring of
diameter 3cm inside the other ring.
The winding of coil in the inner steel ring is perpendicular to the
winding in the outer ring.
Thereby a balance in magnetic field is produced , hence we obtain a
proper upward motion of the aluminium tin.
ADVANTAGES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
ELEVATOR
In ordinary lifts metal ropes have to be maintained in a
period of [Link] there are no ropes in magnetic
lifts,such maintenance can be avoided.
There is less friction due to no contact between the pulley
and the suspension rope.
It is much quieter than the conventional elevators.
Aluminium is more reliable and cheap,thus the investment
for aluminium cabin is less.