Understanding the Rock Cycle

The rock cycle describes the process by which rocks are formed from magma and transformed into other rock types through weathering, heat, pressure and erosion. There are three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, sedimentary rocks form through the lithification of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks being changed by heat and pressure. Rocks are constantly being transformed between these three types through the rock cycle.

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Understanding the Rock Cycle

Uploaded by

Benj Policarpio

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THE ROCK CYCLE

ROCKS
• Is any naturally
form of solid that
constitute the
earth. Therefore,
our earth is made
of rocks.
THREE
TYPES
OF
ROCKS
IGNEOUS
ROCKS
- is also known as the
“Fire Rock” because it is
made from fire or heat.
- formed when magma cools and turn to solid rock.
- SOLIDIFICATION
- - is the process of turning
- liquid to solid when its
- temperature is lowered
- below its melting point.
-
TYPES :
EXTRUSIVE – are
rocks that resulted from magma
pouring onto the surface of the
planet that cools and turn to
solid and resulted for being fine
grained.
INTRUSIVE – when
magma cools slowly and
solidifies within small pockets
contained within the planets
crust and resulted it for being
coarse grained.
SEDIMENTARY
ROCK
- formed when
sediments harden as
they get buried by
more sediments.
- rocks that are fairly
soft and break
or crumble easily. This rocks have fossils.
WEATHERING- is
the decomposition of rocks,
soil, and minerals as well as
artificial materials through
direct contact with
atmospheric conditions.

EROSION – the
displacement of sediments
materials from one location
then transport it away to
another location.
LITHIFICATI
ON
– is the process of
converting
unconsolidated materials
into solid rock by
compaction and
cementation.
TYPES:
CLASTIC – formed from
the accumulations of clasts-
broken pieces of rocks.

CHEMICAL – formed
from the leaving dissolved
minerals.
ORGANIC
– formed from the
accumulation of
sedimentary debris
caused by organic
process.
METAMORPHI
C ROCK
- are rocks that were
originally igneous or
sedimentary that have
been transformed or
change by great heat or
- pressure.
It comes from the Greek word “meta” and
“morph” which means to change form.
METAMORP
HISM
– is the change of
minerals or geologic
texture in pre-
existing rocks due
to heat and
TYPES:
FOLIATED –
rocks that have a layered
or banded appearance that
is produce by exposure to
heat and direct pressure.

NON-FOLIATED -
rocks that do not have a
layered or banded appearance.
The Rock Cycle

Magma
cools & solidifies
Magma
The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies Igneous

Magma
Rock
The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies Igneous

Magma
Rock
Weathering
Transport &
Deposition
The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies Igneous

Magma
Rock
Weathering
Transport &
Deposition

Sediment
The Rock Cycle

cools & solidifies Igneous

Magma
Rock
Weathering
Transport &
Deposition

Sediment
Lithification

Sedimentary Rock
The Rock Cycle