Developed by Scott Civjan
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
1
Compression Members:
Chapter E: Compression Strength
Chapter I: Composite Member Strength
Part 4: Design Charts and Tables
Chapter C: Analysis Issues
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 2
Local Buckling:
Criteria in Table B4.1
Strength in Chapter E: Members with Slender Elements
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 3
Local Buckling Criteria
Slenderness of the flange and web, l, are used as criteria to
determine whether local buckling might control in the elastic or
inelastic range, otherwise the global buckling criteria controls.
Criteria lr are based on plate buckling theory.
For W-Shapes
E
FLB, l = bf /2tf lrf = 0.56
Fy
E
WLB, l = h/tw lrw = 1.49
Fy
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 4
Local Buckling
l > lr “slender element”
Failure by local buckling occurs.
Covered in Section E7
Many rolled W-shape sections are dimensioned such
that the full global criteria controls.
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 5
Chapter E:
Compression Strength
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 6
Compression Strength
fc= 0.90 (Wc= 1.67)
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 7
Compression Strength
Specification considers the following conditions:
Flexural Buckling
Torsional Buckling
Flexural-Torsional Buckling
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 8
Compressive Strength
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 9
Compression Strength
The following slides assume:
Non-slender flange and web sections
Doubly symmetric members
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 10
Compression Strength
Since members are non-slender and doubly symmetric,
flexural (global) buckling is the most likely potential failure
mode prior to reaching the squash load.
Buckling strength depends on the slenderness of the section,
defined as Lc/r. Lc is the effective length of the member.
The nominal strength is defined as
Pn= FcrAg Equation E3-1
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 11
Fy
L E then, Fcr 0.658 e Fy .
F
If, c
4.71 Equation E3-2
r Fy
This defines the “inelastic” buckling limit.
Lc E , then F = 0.877F .
If 4.71 cr e Equation E3-3
r Fy
This defines the “elastic” buckling limit
with a reduction factor, 0.877, times the theoretical limit.
2 E
Fe = elastic (Euler) buckling stress, Fe 2
Equation E3-4
Lc
r
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 12
Inelastic Material Effects
Elastic Behavior
2 E
Fe 2
Lc
r
s
Lc /r
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 13
Inelastic Material Effects
2 ET
Fc 2
Lc
Fy
r
2 E
Fe 2
Fy-Fres Inelastic Lc
Elastic r
s
Lc /r
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 14
Inelastic Material Effects
2 ET
Fc 2
Lc
Fy
r
2 E
Fe 2
Fy-Fres Inelastic Lc
Elastic r
s
Lc /r
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
15
ANSI/AISC 360-16
Inelastic Material Effects
Fy
Fcr 0.658 Fy
Fe
Fy
Fcr 0.877 Fe
2 E
Inelastic Fe 2
0.44Fy Lc
Elastic r
s
E
Lc /r 4.71
Fy
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 16
Design Aids
Table 4-14
fcFcr as a function of Lc/r
Useful for all shapes.
Larger Lc/r value controls.
Tables 4-1 to 4-12
fcPn as a function of Lcy
Can be applied to Lcx by
dividing Lcy by rx/ry.
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
17
ANSI/AISC 360-16
Slenderness Criteria
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 18
Per Section E.2
It is recommended to
provide Lc /r less than 200
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 19
Alignment Chart Issues
Figures C-A-7.1 and C-A-7.2
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 20
Alignment Chart
To account for inelastic column effects,
stiffness reduction factors, tb,
used to reduce EI of the columns.
Stiffness Reduction Factors
Table 4-13
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 21
Alignment Chart
If beams have significant axial load,
they provide less rotational restraint.
Reduce rotational stiffness component (EI/L) of beams
with modification,
1-Q/Qcr
Q = axial load
Qcr = axial in-plane buckling strength with K=1
This is also valid for “columns” at a joint (multiple stories),
which carry minimal axial load compared to their strengths.
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
ANSI/AISC 360-16 22
Alignment Chart
To account for story buckling concept, all columns
must reach their capacity to allow for story failure.
Revise K to account for story effects.
K2 from Equation C-A-7-8
2 EI
K2 L2 Pstory 5
Pr 8 Kn2
2
EI
K n 2 L 2
Kn2 = K factor directly from the alignment chart
Pr = Required second-order axial strength
Pstory = total vertical load supported by the story
Compression – AISC Manual 15th Ed &
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ANSI/AISC 360-16