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Physiology of Eye Refraction Explained

The document discusses the physiology of eye refraction and accommodation. Refraction occurs as light passes through the cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous body, with the lens providing flexible refractive power to focus light on the retina. The ciliary muscles control the shape of the lens, making it more convex to focus on near objects and less convex for distant vision. Accommodation allows the eye to change lens shape and refractive power between 67-79 diopters to see at varying distances.

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32 views10 pages

Physiology of Eye Refraction Explained

The document discusses the physiology of eye refraction and accommodation. Refraction occurs as light passes through the cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous body, with the lens providing flexible refractive power to focus light on the retina. The ciliary muscles control the shape of the lens, making it more convex to focus on near objects and less convex for distant vision. Accommodation allows the eye to change lens shape and refractive power between 67-79 diopters to see at varying distances.

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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Physiology of

Eye Refraction
IMAGE
SOURCE:
[Link]
montgomery.c
om/the_eye/
Accommodation
Ability to change lens shape to focus light from objects at different distances.

Far objects

 Small angles

 ciliary muscles relax

 less convex, less bending of light

Near objects

 Wide angles

 ciliary muscles contract

 more convex, more bending of lightA


REFRACTION: deflection of
light that takes place in the
human eye. It is also a
phenomenon which makes
image formation become
possible to the human eye.[1]
The cornea is the main part of the eye that is majorly involved in
eye refraction. Not only the cornea that is involved, aqueous
humor and vitreous body are also a part of the job and each of
these organs must work together to maintain a proper vision. [2]

IMAGE SOURCE: [Link]


image processing

Source of light -> cornea -> pupil ->


lens -> image in the retina -> rods and
cones cells -> optical nerve -> brain
Refractive Power
Refractive Power (RP) is the Strength by which a
lens bends light

 In eye, only lens has flexible refractive power

 lens convexedness -> refractive power

 Refractive Power (diopters) = 1 / focal length (m)

 focal length = 0.25 m -> RP = 4 diopters

 focal length = 0.50 m -> RP = 2 diopters


Example for Refractive Power of
Eye
 Distance from lens to fovea ~1.5 cm

 RP = 67 diopters for light from distant Objects

 RP can be increased to 79 diopters by


 Looking close objects
References
1. Anonymous. Refraction and the Eye [Internet]. 2014
[cited 24 September 2014]. Available from:
[Link]
[Link]/hbase/vision/[Link]

2. Anonymous. Refraction [internet]. 2014 [cites 24


September 2014]. Available from:
[Link]
pdf

3. Indiana University. Sensory Physiology.


[Link]
es/Printables/[Link]

4. Václav Hlaváč. Human Eye Physiology.


[Link]
Physiology

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