Applied Optics Assignment
Topic:-Holography
Aman Chahar
17/54509
BSc physical science with electronics
What is holography?
It is an advanced form of photography that allows
an image to be recorded in three dimensions.
The technique of holography can also be used to
optically store, retrieve, and process information.
Holography (from the Greek, whole + write) is the
science of producing holograms.
It is known as lensless photography.
HOLOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES
If you look at these holograms from different angles, you
see
objects from different perspectives, just like you would if
you were looking at a real object.
They usually just look like sparkly pictures or smears of
color.
If you cut one in half, each half contains whole views of the
entire holographic image.
Basic principle of holography
Holography is based on the principle of
interference.
It is a method of producing a visual three-
dimensional(3-D) image of an object by means of
light wave patterns recorded on a photographic plate.
History
Dennis Gabor - Father of Holography and Holographic
Technologies.
Dennis wrote a paper in 1948 that has become the
foundation of modern Holography.
The most interesting thing about all this is that laser light
had not even been invented yet, when he wrote his paper.
Hologram
A photograph of an interference pattern which, when
suitably illuminated by laser light, produces a three-
dimensional image.
Hologram Properties
If you look at these holograms from different angles, you
see objects from different perspectives, just like you would
if you were looking at a real object.
It shows Divisible property i.e If you cut one in half, each
half contains whole views of the entire holographic image.
Working of holography
Laser light:- usually helium-neon (HeNe) laser is used.
Beam splitter:-device that use mirrors and prisms to
split laser beam into two beams
[Link] beam
[Link] beam
Mirrors:-direct the beams of light to correct locations.
Holographic film:-to record image very high
resolution.
HOW TO CREATE A HOLOGRAM
• To create a hologram, a laser beam (coherent light) is split
in two beams
• Reference beam: that stays undisturbed object beam:
strikes the object and then bounces onto the plate
• Working of holography is divided into two phases
1. Recording
2. Reconstruction
Types of hologram
There are three type of holograms:-
[Link] hologram
[Link] hologram
[Link]-generated hologram
[Link] holograms
Illuminated by a spot of white incandescent light
source, from front-above
The image consists of light reflected by the
hologram
Produces multicolor holograms, makes images
optically indistinguishable from the original
objects
[Link] hologram
• Viewed with laser light, usually of the same type
used to make the recording
• Need light source behind them
• Virtual image can be very sharp and deep.
[Link] generated hologram
No need for a real object Interference pattern is
calculated digitally, using algorithms.
Application of holography
Optical Computers
Bio-medical Applications
Compact disk
Grocery store
Holographic Interferometer
Holographic Scanners
Holostores
Importance & need of 3D holographic
projection
Rapidly growing technology.
Project large scale, high-resolution image onto free space.
Accommodate multiple viewers independently and
simultaneously.
Create tremendous effects on all fields of life including
business,education,science,art,healthcare.
Enabling viewing and manipulation of virtual 3D objects in
3D space without the need for special viewing goggles or
headgear.
Advantage of 3D holographic projection
Cost effective .
Higher storage capacity .
Increased feasibility of objects(depth) .
Enables the achievement of multiple image on a single
plate and give 3-D images.
Ability to combine with other technologies.
Disadvantages of 3D holographic
projection
Provide static images .
Don not produce images of complex movement .
Require complicated precise machinery to produce and
view an image .
Reference illumination beams are collinear.
THANKYOU