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Understanding Box Plots and Outliers

Here is a boxplot of the sample data: [BOXPLOT DIAGRAM] The minimum is 5, the first quartile is 20, the median is 45, the third quartile is 100, and the maximum is 240. There are outliers at 80, 140, 150, and 200.

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Chris Marasigan
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217 views12 pages

Understanding Box Plots and Outliers

Here is a boxplot of the sample data: [BOXPLOT DIAGRAM] The minimum is 5, the first quartile is 20, the median is 45, the third quartile is 100, and the maximum is 240. There are outliers at 80, 140, 150, and 200.

Uploaded by

Chris Marasigan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to Box Plot
  • Constructing Box Plot from Data
  • Box Plot Comparison with Histograms
  • Understanding Outliers in Box Plot
  • Practical Box Plot Examples

Box Plot

Box Plot
• A box plot is a pictorial representation of the
distribution of a set of data. It is a graphical
display of the five-number summary.
• The five-number summary of a distribution
reports the Minimum, 1st Quartile, Median, 3rd
Quartile and Maximum.
• Box plots are useful when comparing groups.
• Box plots are particularly good at pointing out
outliers.
Box Plot
Box Plot

INTER-QUARTILE RANGE

The middle half of the data is


represented by a “box” with a vertical
line at the median.
Constructing a box plot from a simple
set of data
1. 20, 18, 17, 23, 19, 21.

2. 11, 12, 13, 15, 7, 6, 5, 10, 14, 8, 9.

3. 108, 108, 110, 101, 110, 111, 104, 104,


105, 107.

4. 4, 5, 5, 1, 1, 2, 8, 8, 9, 9, 8, 7, 2.
Comparison of Boxplots
and histograms
Outliers
Outliers are values that are much bigger or
smaller than the rest of the data.
In order to be an outlier, the data value must
be:larger than Q3 by at least 1.5 times
the interquartile range (IQR), or smaller
than Q1 by at least 1.5 times the IQR.

data point that is below


Q1 – 1.5×IQR or
above Q3 + 1.5×IQR
Outliers

These are represented by a dot


at either end of the plot.
Why do outliers occur?
According to Tom Bodenberg, chief economist
and data consultant at market research firm
Unity Marketing, “It can be the result of
measurement or recording errors, or the
unintended and truthful outcome resulting from
the set’s definition.”
Example: Ages of actresses at the time
they first won the Oscar
50 44 35 80 26 28 41

21 61 38 49 33 74 30

33 41 31 35 41 42 37

26 34 34 35 26 61 60

34 24 30 37 31 27 39

34 26 25 33
5 number summary
• Min = 21
• Q1 = 30
• Med = 34
• Q3 = 41
• Max = 80
Example 1

• Draw a boxplot of the sample


5, 20, 30, 45, 60, 80, 100, 140, 150,
200, 240.

Box Plot
Box Plot • A box plot is a pictorial representation of the distribution of a set of data. It is a graphical display of the
Box Plot
Box Plot INTER-QUARTILE RANGE The middle half of the data is represented by a “box” with a vertical line at the median.
Constructing a box plot from a simple set of data 1. 20, 18, 17, 23, 19, 21. 2. 11, 12, 13, 15, 7, 6, 5, 10, 14, 8, 9. 3. 10
Comparison of Boxplots and histograms
Outliers Outliers are values that are much bigger or smaller than the rest of the data. In order to be an outlier, the data
Outliers These are represented by a dot at either end of the plot.
Why do outliers occur? According to Tom Bodenberg (http://www.informationweek.com/big-data/big-data-analytics/data-outliers-
Example: Ages of actresses at the time they first won the Oscar 50 44 35 80 26 28 41 21 61 38 49 33 74 30 33 41 31 35 41 42

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