Engineering Branches

Dom Dal Bello

Engineering 100
Allan Hancock College

Engineering Branches 1
 United States Engineers
2002: 1.5 million (U.S. Pop: 288M)
To nearest thousand:
1. Electrical: 292,000
(Electrical/Electronics)
2. Civil: 228,000
3. Mechanical: 215,000
4. Industrial: 194,000
5. Aerospace: 78,000
6. Computer: 75,000
(Hardware)
[Link]

Engineering Branches 2
 United States Engineers
2008: 1.6 million +100k since 2002 (U.S. Pop: 304M)
To nearest thousand:
1. Electrical: 302,000 +10k since 2002
(Electrical/Electronics)
2. Civil: 278,000 +50k

3. Mechanical: 239,000 +24k

4. Industrial: 215,000 +21k

5. Computer: 75,000 0
(Hardware)
6. Aerospace: 72,000 -6k
[Link] Sept. 9, 2010

Engineering Branches 3
 Engineers

 Environmental  Marine/Naval Arch.

 Chemical  Mining/Geological
 Materials  Agriculture
 Petroleum  Architectural
 Nuclear  Manufacturing
 Biomedical  Systems

[Link]

Engineering Branches 4
Percentages (U.S) 1% ~ 16,000

Engineering Branches 5
 Electrical Engineering
• Largest branch
• Design devices and systems that use
electricity
• Institute for Electrical
and Electronics
Engineers (I.E.E.E.)
(38 technical societies in I.E.E.E.)

Engineering Branches 6
 Electrical Engineering
• Electronics Design of circuits & devices
to produce, amplify and
• Communications rectify (modify/filter)
• Power electric signals.

• Controls Use transistors,

semiconductors,
• Instrumentation integrated circuits (ICs).

Engineering Branches 7
 Electrical Engineering
• Electronics Entertainment to military.
• Communications Cell phones, video tele-
conferencing.
• Power
Lasers, fiber-optics,
• Controls wireless.
• Instrumentation Data transmission (data,
voice, video).

Engineering Branches 8
 Electrical Engineering
• Electronics Production, Transmission
and Distribution.
• Communications
Hydroelectric, steam,
• Power nuclear, solar, wind, fuel
• Controls cells.

• Instrumentation Transmission lines, motors,

generators.

Engineering Branches 9
 Electrical Engineering
• Electronics Automated
Feedback Loopoperations and
processes (robotics).
• Communications
To Compare a measured To
• Power quantity to desired result;
Desired T -T
in o Action
• Controls difference causesActual
a signal
Response e.g.,
that adjusts input Response
•(input
Instrumentation
) Tin =k(Tin-To) Tcruise
f(thermostats,
o
(output)
control).
Generic Control Process

Engineering Branches 10
 Electrical Engineering
• Electronics Use electronic devices to
measure pressure,
• Communications temperature, speed,
• Power voltage, etc.

• Controls Process, store, transmit

data.
• Instrumentation

Engineering Branches 11
 Mechanical Engineering
• Broadest branch.
• Design power-producing machines and
engines, and power-using machines.
• American Society of
Mechanical Engineers
(A.S.M.E.)
(founded 1880;
32 technical divisions in 7 groups;
and 3 institutes)

Engineering Branches 12
 Mechanical Engineering
Production and Transfer.
• Energy
Energy Conversion (e.g.,
• Design of heat to mechanical).
Structures and
Design and Operate
Motion of Power Plants.
Mechanical HVAC (heat., vent. & air cond).
Systems
Refrigeration and
• Manufacturing Heat Exchangers.
Solar, Geothermal, Wind.

Engineering Branches 13
 Mechanical Engineering
Cars, trucks, tractors, trains,
• Energy planes, space vehicles.
• Design of Lathes, mills, grinders, drills,
Structures and tools.
Motion of Copiers, computers.
Mechanical Medical devices and
Systems equipment.
• Manufacturing Pressure vessels and pipes.

Engineering Branches 14
 Mechanical Engineering
Design processes to convert
• Energy raw materials into products.
• Design of Design equipment.
Structures and
Design machines to make
Motion of machines.
Mechanical Manufacturing processes.
Systems
Automation and robotics.
• Manufacturing Increase efficiency.

Engineering Branches 15
 ASME Groups and Divisions
[Link]

Basic
Energy Engineering
Conversion Technical
Group Group
Engr.
• •Applied &Mechanics
Tech. Management Group
Environment
Internal Combustion& Transportation
Engine Grp
Manufacturing
• •Management
• •Bioengineering Technical Group
Mechanics, Pressure Technology
is the study
Aerospace
Nuclear of how mediaGroup
Engineering responds to external stimuli
System
• •Manufacturing
• •forces),
Safety and
Engineering Design& Group
Engineering
Risk Analysis
• •Fluids
(e.g., includes
Engineering analytical
Nondestructive
Environmental
and experimental
Evaluation
Engineering
studies in:
•Power
• •
- Biomechanics Computers
Materials
Technology - and
Handling
Geomechanics
& Society Information
Engineering Engineering
-• Composite
•Heat • •Transfer
AdvancedPressure
• •Noise Control Vessels
Energy
materials
Design & and Piping
Acoustics
Systems
- Hydrodynamics
Engineering
-• Computing
Plantmethods
Materials Engineering and Maintenance
• • •Rail
Solar • Transportation
Energy
Dynamic
- Lubrication
Systems and Control
-• Dynamics Process
Tribology - Industries
Mechanical
(friction) properties of matls
• Materials
- Elasticity • Electronic& Energy Recovery
& Photonic Packaging
- Micromechanics
• Fluid
- Experimental Methods
Power- Plasticity
Systemsand andfailure
Technology
- Fluid dynamics - Plates and shells
- Fracture • Information Storage & Processing Systems
- Wave propagation
The Applied • Microelectromechanical
Mechanics Division is one of theSystems (MEMS)
oldest and largest divisions
of ASME. Prof. Stephen P. Timoshenko, was the first Chairman.

Engineering Branches 16
 Civil Engineering
• Oldest branch
• Plan, design and supervise the
construction of facilities:
buildings, transit systems, water supply
and treatment, etc.
• American Society of
Civil Engineers (A.S.C.E.)
(8 institutes, 11 technical divisions)

Engineering Branches 17
 Civil Engineering
Design bridges,
• Structural buildings, dams, tunnels,
• Transportation tanks, transmission towers,
offshore platforms, satellites.
• Environmental
Analyze forces on structures.
• Water Resources
Select components &
• Geotechnical materials to ensure
structures strong, stable and
• Surveying durable.
• Construction Structural Dynamics.

Engineering Branches 18
 Civil Engineering
Safe efficient movement of
• Structural people and goods.
• Transportation Highways, roads, harbors,
• Environmental ports, mass transit, airports,
railroads.
• Water Resources
Gas, oil and other transport
• Geotechnical systems.
• Surveying
• Construction

Engineering Branches 19
 Civil Engineering
Control / prevent / eliminate:
• Structural air / water / soil pollution.
• Transportation Design / operate:
• Environmental water systems, waste water
and sewage systems,
• Water Resources garbage disposal systems,
• Geotechnical air quality control systems,
recycling systems.
• Surveying Toxic clean-up and pesticide
• Construction control.

Engineering Branches 20
 Civil Engineering
Ensure availability, delivery.
• Structural
Develop new sources.
• Transportation
Harbors, rivers, coastal
• Environmental protection.
• Water Resources Flood control, irrigation,
• Geotechnical drainage.
Hydro-electric facilities.
• Surveying
• Construction

Engineering Branches 21
 Civil Engineering
Study properties of soil / rock
• Structural on which structures are
• Transportation placed.

• Environmental How does ground support

the loads?
• Water Resources
Dams, levees, foundations,
• Geotechnical offshore, settlement, stability
of slopes, seepage of
• Surveying ground water.
• Construction Earthquakes.

Engineering Branches 22
 Civil Engineering
Mapping construction sites –
• Structural buildings, pipes, utilities.
• Transportation Locate property lines.
• Environmental LEGAL issues – requires
state license.
• Water Resources
Satellites, aerial/terrestrial
• Geotechnical photography, computer
processing, GPS.
• Surveying
• Construction

Engineering Branches 23
 Civil Engineering
Technical
• Structural & management skills.
• Transportation Plan and build facilities that
• Environmental other engineers and
architects design.
• Water Resources
Estimate costs, equipment &
• Geotechnical personnel needs.
• Surveying Supervise construction,
operating and startup.
• Construction
Know methods, equipment.
Engineering Branches 24
 ASCE Technical Institutes
• Architectural Engineering Institute (AEI) 1998
– all professionals in the building industry
• Coasts, Oceans, Ports, and Rivers Institute (COPRI) 2000
• Construction Institute (CI)
– Construction and Materials Divisions at ASCE. … suppliers, testing laboratories, bonding agencies,
insurance providers, financial firms, accounting firms, and legal firms
• Engineering Mechanics Institute (EMI)
– fourteen technical committees
• Environmental & Water Resources Institute (EWRI) 1999
• Geo-Institute (G-I) 1996
– improving the environment, mitigating natural hazards, and economically constructing engineered facilities.
• Structural Engineering Institute (SEI) 1996
• Transportation & Development Institute (T&DI)

Engineering Branches 25
 Other ASCE Tech. Groups
• Technical Activities Committee (TAC) oversees all the technical groups
within ASCE that are not currently part of the ASCE Institutes.

• DIVISIONS • TECHNICAL COUNCILS

 Aerospace  Cold Regions Engineering
 Energy  Computing and Engineering
 Geomatics Technology
 Pipeline  Disaster Risk Management
 Forensic Engineering
 Lifeline Earthquake Engineering
 Wind Engineering

Engineering Branches 26
 Computer Engineering
• Fastest growing branch in 1990s.
• Design computer hardware & firmware.
• Started within electrical engineering, but
requires specialized knowledge..
• Computer Engineering
vs.
Computer Science

Engineering Branches 27
 Computer Engineering
• Hardware Computer
– processor, chips, circuit
• Firmware boards, networks,
devices, components.
– Architecture.
Peripherals
– Storage: disk, RAM, ROM.
– Output: printer, monitor, speaker.
– Input: keyboard, mouse, scanner.
– Communication: Internet.

Engineering Branches 28
 Computer Engineering
• Hardware Firmware is microcode
(software) that controls
• Firmware the processors.
Firmware is the “internal
thought process” of the
computer that enables it
to perform basic
operations required by
software in general.

Engineering Branches 29
 Computer Engineering
Theory, design and
• Computer Science implementation of
• Comp. Scientists software (an intangible
write the programs. product).
Software: set of instructions
that hardware can read
and execute.
OS, AI, networking, comm.,
database, computer-
human interaction,
graphics, computations.
Engineering Branches 30
 Industrial Engineering
• Develop efficient ways to use resources for a
process or to make a product. Management and
planning.
• Resources: people, machines, materials,
energy, information.
• Design and manage Quality
Control (QC) programs.
• Design facitilities and plants.
• Human and organizational
aspects of systems design.

Engineering Branches 31
 Aerospace Engineering
• Commercial & military aircraft,
missiles, spacecraft.
• New technologies.
• Aerodynamics, propulsion,
thermodynamics, structures,
celestial mechanics, acoustics;
materials.
• Guidance and control systems.

Engineering Branches 32
 Environmental Engineering
• Use Civil Engineering, Biology and Chemistry to
solve environmental problems.
• Air pollution, water management, water supply,
waste water, solid waste, public health,
hazardous waste.
• Clean up and prevent.

Engineering Branches 33
 Chemical Engineering
• Use training in engineering and chemistry
to create usable products.
• Chemical production facilities;
manufacturing facilities that use chemicals.
• Plastics, building materials, food products,
pharmaceuticals, rubber, synthetic fibers,
petroleum products (plastics, shampoos,
perfume, fertilizers, petrochemicals).
• Environment: Clean up and prevent.

Engineering Branches 34
 Materials Engineering
• Materials Science:
study what makes materials
strong, stiff, fracture, fatigue,
conductive, corrode, etc.
• Materials Engineering
[Link]
knowing the science…
– Develop ways/new materials that improve material
properties (strength, corrosion resistance, etc.)
– Select right material for the job (mechanical,
electrical, thermal, chemical properties, costs).
– Graphite golf clubs, tiles on space shuttle, high
strength/temperature alloys in turbines.
Engineering Branches 35
 Metallurgical Engineering
• Extractive Metallurgy:
remove metal from ores,
refine, alloy.
• Physical Metallurgy:
study structure
(microstructure), properties,
processing  products. The Internet Microscope
• Mechanical Metallurgy: [Link]/intmic/

develop/improve metal
working processes (casting,
forging, rolling, drawing).
Engineering Branches 36
 Ceramic Engineering
• Non-metallic minerals, clays, silicates (sand).
• Glassware, tiles, bricks.
• Semiconductors.
• Solar panels, insulators.
• Fiber optics.
• High temperature applications.

Engineering Branches 37
 Bio/Biomedical Engineering
• Design diagnostic and
theraputic devices.
• Prostheses.
• Pace makers,
implants.
• Bio-compatible
materials.
• Blood analyzers,
imaging, lasers, life [Link]

support systems.

Engineering Branches 38
 Architectural Engineering
• Architects are primarily
concerned with space use
and aesthetics.
• Architectural Engineers
are concerned with
building safety, cost, and
sound construction
methods.

Engineering Branches 39
 Nuclear Engineering
• Design, construct and operate nuclear power
plant.
• Nuclear submarines, space power.
• Handle fuels, dispose of waste.
• Medical applications (imaging).

Engineering Branches 40
 Petroleum Engineering
• Find and extract oil and
natural gas.
• Remove, transport and store.
• Design processes, equipment
and systems.
• Refine into useful products (fuel, plastics).

Engineering Branches 41
 Ocean Engineering
Naval Architecture
• Ocean Engineers
Design offshore platforms, harbors, underwater
structures and machines.
• Naval Architects
Design ships and vessels.

Engineering Branches 42
 Mining/Geological Engr.
• Find, remove and transport
(coal, metals, minerals).
• Design processes, equipment
and systems.
• Return ground to natural state.

Engineering Branches 43
 Manufacturing Engineering
• Study behavior of materials.
• Design systems, equipment
and tools.
• Manage overall
manufacturing process.

Engineering Branches 44
 Agricultural Engineering
• Food production, processing, marketing,
distribution.
• Agricultural equipment,
processes, structures.
• Power, machinery,
electricity.
• Soil, water, forestry,
bioengineering.
• “Everything” to do with Ag.

Engineering Branches 45
 Systems Engineering
• Design, develop and operate large, complex
systems.
• Integration of components in a limited envelope.
(e.g., a Boeing 747 has ~ million parts).
• Math, computer applications,
queuing (ordering) theory,
simulation.

Engineering Branches 46
 Other Engineering Branches
• Fire Protection
• Military
• Optical
• Software

Engineering Branches 47
 UC Santa Barbara
College of Engineering
• Chemical Engineering
• Computer Science
• Computer Engineering
• Electrical Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering
• Materials Engineering (graduate)

Engineering Branches 48
 Cal Poly San Luis Obispo
College of Engineering
• Aerospace (AERO) • General (GENE)*
• Biomedical (BMED) • Industrial (IE)
• Civil (CE) • Manufacturing (MFGE)
• Computer Engr. (CMPE) • Materials (MATE)
• Computer Science (CSC) • Mechanical (ME)
• Electrical (EE) • Software (SE)
• Environmental (ENVE) • Fire Protection (graduate)

Engineering Branches 49
 Cal Poly San Luis Obispo

College of Architecture &

Environmental Design
• Architectural Engineering (ARCE)

College of Agriculture
• Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering
(BRAE)

Engineering Branches 50